吐哈盆地葡北地区“两宽一高”地震勘探技术及应用效果
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摘要
吐哈盆地台北凹陷圈闭落实的准确度和储层分布预测的精度一直是制约该区油气发现的关键因素。通过可控震源"两宽一高"地震采集、OVT域时间偏移、地质导向深度偏移初始模型建立及各向异性深度偏移迭代处理,在地震资料的信噪比、频带宽度和分辨率等方面明显提高的基础上,以高精度层序地层学为指导,基于高分辨率地震资料与钻井、测井资料的综合分析,识别出侏罗系6个三级层序,在三级层序格架内将研究区七克台组底部和三间房组顶部砂体识别为两个连续上升半旋回四级层序;通过构造几何属性分析及精细构造分析,揭示了本区"四带、两凹"的构造格局及形成机制;以宽频带多种反演技术为手段,对含油气层段的七克台组和三间房组砂体分布进行了预测;在综合构造分析、储层分析和油藏成藏规律分析的基础上,提出本区油气沿构造带脊线聚集,断裂系统是油气运移的优势路径,七克台组、三间房组储层在葡北构造带发育,向玉果构造带和胜北次凹减薄尖灭,葡北构造带与玉果构造带结合部位的,具有鼻状构造背景的岩性圈闭是获得油气突破的有利地区。
Precise recognition of trap and accurate prediction of reservoir distribution have always been the key factors res-tricting oil and gas discovery in Taibei sag of Turpan-Hami Basin.The signal-to-noise ratio,frequency bandwidth and resolution of seismic data have been significantly improved through seismic data acquisition of vibroseis with the "wide-band,wide-azimuth and high-density" technique,OVT domain time migration,establishment of initial velocity models for geosteering depth migration,and iterative processing of anisotropic depth migration.A good data base has been provided for the prediction of fine characterization of fracture system and sand reservoir in this area with six third-order sequences identified in the Jurassic,within which sand bodies at the bottom of Qiketai Formation and on top of Sanjianfang Formation are identified as two fourth-order sequences characterized by steadily rising semi-cycles under the guidance of high resolution sequence stratigraphy,and the comprehensive analysis of high-resolution seismic and well log data.The structure of "four belts and two depressions",together with its formation mechanism in the study area,has been revealed through analyses of structural geometric attributes and fine structure interpretation.The distribution of sand bodies in the petroliferous zones of Qiketai and Sanjianfang Formations is predicted by multiple broadband seismic inversion techniques.Based on the comprehensive analyses of structure,reservoir and hydrocarbon accumulation pattern,it's pointed out that the hydrocarbon accumulates along the ridge lines of the structural belts in the study area,and the fault system is the dominant route of hydrocarbon migration.The Qiketai and Sanjianfang reservoirs are developed in Pubei tectonic belt,thinning out to Yuguo and Shengbei sub-sags.The lithologic traps with nose-shaped structures,located at the joint of the Pubei and Yuguo tectonic belts,are favorable for making breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration.
Precise recognition of trap and accurate prediction of reservoir distribution have always been the key factors res-tricting oil and gas discovery in Taibei sag of Turpan-Hami Basin.The signal-to-noise ratio,frequency bandwidth and resolution of seismic data have been significantly improved through seismic data acquisition of vibroseis with the "wide-band,wide-azimuth and high-density" technique,OVT domain time migration,establishment of initial velocity models for geosteering depth migration,and iterative processing of anisotropic depth migration.A good data base has been provided for the prediction of fine characterization of fracture system and sand reservoir in this area with six third-order sequences identified in the Jurassic,within which sand bodies at the bottom of Qiketai Formation and on top of Sanjianfang Formation are identified as two fourth-order sequences characterized by steadily rising semi-cycles under the guidance of high resolution sequence stratigraphy,and the comprehensive analysis of high-resolution seismic and well log data.The structure of "four belts and two depressions",together with its formation mechanism in the study area,has been revealed through analyses of structural geometric attributes and fine structure interpretation.The distribution of sand bodies in the petroliferous zones of Qiketai and Sanjianfang Formations is predicted by multiple broadband seismic inversion techniques.Based on the comprehensive analyses of structure,reservoir and hydrocarbon accumulation pattern,it's pointed out that the hydrocarbon accumulates along the ridge lines of the structural belts in the study area,and the fault system is the dominant route of hydrocarbon migration.The Qiketai and Sanjianfang reservoirs are developed in Pubei tectonic belt,thinning out to Yuguo and Shengbei sub-sags.The lithologic traps with nose-shaped structures,located at the joint of the Pubei and Yuguo tectonic belts,are favorable for making breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration.
引文
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