跨海公铁两用桥梁车-桥-风浪流耦合振动研究
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摘要
基于大系统的思想,建立车-桥-风浪流耦合动力系统,包括车辆子系统、桥梁子系统和风浪流耦合场子系统。根据各子系统之间的相互作用力以及车辆子系统与桥梁子系统之间的位移协调关系,建立车-桥-风浪流耦合动力系统的运动方程,并基于分离迭代法提出了车-桥-风浪流耦合动力系统动态响应的求解流程,从而建立跨海公铁两用桥梁车-桥-风浪流耦合动力系统的振动分析方法。以某跨海公铁两用斜拉桥方案为对象进行研究,结果表明:风浪流耦合场同时激励车辆和桥梁的主梁、桥塔及水中基础,与风场单独作用相比,风浪流耦合场能够激发桥梁产生更大幅度的横向和扭转振动,恶化列车运行安全性指标,桥梁主梁在主跨跨中处的横向位移、横向加速度、扭转位移、扭转加速度的均方根分别增大0.8%、23.1%、4.9%和0.5%,在边塔处的相应均方根分别增大204.9%、167.0%、198.7%和314.7%;列车车体加速度、轮轨横向力和轮重减载率分别增大60.9%、7.2%和6.6%。因此,对于跨海公铁两用桥梁,需合理考虑风浪流耦合作用,仅考虑风场单独作用将高估桥梁结构和列车行车的安全性。
Based on the idea of large system, the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave-current coupling dynamic system was established, including a vehicle subsystem, a bridge subsystem and a wind-wave-current coupling field subsystem. An analysis framework of the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave-current coupling dynamic system was proposed. Within this framework, the motion equation of the coupling system was established, based on the interaction forces of three subsystems as well as the displacement compatibility relationship between vehicle subsystem and bridge subsystem, and furthermore, the solution process of dynamic response based on the separation iterative method was proposed. A rail-cum-road cable-stayed sea bridge scheme was studied, and the research results show that the wind-wave-current coupling action can excite the vehicle, girder, pylon and underwater foundation concurrently. Compared to the single wind action, the wind-wave-current coupling action can cause more acute lateral and torsional response of bridge and worsen the train safety in operation. The root-mean-square of lateral displacement, lateral acceleration, torsional displacement and torsional acceleration increase 0.8%, 23.1%, 4.9% and 0.5% for the girder at the mid-span of main span, respectively, and increase 204.9%, 167.0%, 198.7% and 314.7% for the girder at the side tower, respectively; The car-body acceleration, the wheel/rail lateral force and wheel unloading rate of vehicle increase 60.9%, 7.2% and 6.6%, respectively.Therefore, it is necessary to consider the wind-wave-current coupling action for the rail-cum-road sea bridge, and considering the single wind action may overestimate the safety of the bridge and the vehicle in operation.
Based on the idea of large system, the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave-current coupling dynamic system was established, including a vehicle subsystem, a bridge subsystem and a wind-wave-current coupling field subsystem. An analysis framework of the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave-current coupling dynamic system was proposed. Within this framework, the motion equation of the coupling system was established, based on the interaction forces of three subsystems as well as the displacement compatibility relationship between vehicle subsystem and bridge subsystem, and furthermore, the solution process of dynamic response based on the separation iterative method was proposed. A rail-cum-road cable-stayed sea bridge scheme was studied, and the research results show that the wind-wave-current coupling action can excite the vehicle, girder, pylon and underwater foundation concurrently. Compared to the single wind action, the wind-wave-current coupling action can cause more acute lateral and torsional response of bridge and worsen the train safety in operation. The root-mean-square of lateral displacement, lateral acceleration, torsional displacement and torsional acceleration increase 0.8%, 23.1%, 4.9% and 0.5% for the girder at the mid-span of main span, respectively, and increase 204.9%, 167.0%, 198.7% and 314.7% for the girder at the side tower, respectively; The car-body acceleration, the wheel/rail lateral force and wheel unloading rate of vehicle increase 60.9%, 7.2% and 6.6%, respectively.Therefore, it is necessary to consider the wind-wave-current coupling action for the rail-cum-road sea bridge, and considering the single wind action may overestimate the safety of the bridge and the vehicle in operation.
引文
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[17]Zhu J,Zhang W,Wu M X.Coupled dynamic analysis of the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave system[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2018,23(8):04018054
[18]Zhu J,Zhang W,Wu M X.Evaluation of ride comfort and driving safety for moving vehicles on slender coastal bridges[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2018,140(5):051012
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[21]JTS 145-2015港口与航道水文规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015(JTS 145-2015 Code of hydrology for harbour and waterway[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2015(in Chinese))
[22]日本道路協會.道路橋示方書(耐震設計編,下部構造編)[M].日本:日本丸善出版,2002
[23]李湛,李鹏飞,姜震宇,等.不同激励模式下桥梁实测阻尼比差异[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(3):62-67(Li Zhan,Li Pengfei,Jiang Zhenyu,et al.Difference of bridge damping ration under different excitations[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(3):62-67(in Chinese))
[24]Guo W,Xia H,Xu Y.Running safety analysis of a train on the Tsing Ma Bridge under turbulent winds[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,3(9):307-318
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[26]韩万水,马麟,汪炳,等.随机车流-桥梁系统耦合振动精细化分析与动态可视化[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(4):78-87(Han Wanshui,Ma Lin,Wang Bing,et al.Refinement analysis and dynamic visualization of traffic-bridge coupling vibration system[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2013,26(4):78-87(in Chinese))
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[2]唐寰澄.世界著名海峡交通工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[3]张喜刚,刘高,马军海,等.中国桥梁技术的现状与展望[J].科学通报,2017,61(5):415(Zhang Xigang,Liu Gao,Ma Junhai,et al.Status and prospect of technical development for bridges in China[J].Science China Press,2017 61(5):415(in Chinese))
[4]项海帆.现代桥梁抗风理论与实践[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2005(Xiang Haifan.Modern theory and practice on bridge wind resistance[M].Beijing:China Communication Press,2005(in Chinese))
[5]陈政清.工程结构的风致振动?稳定与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2013
[6]葛耀君.大跨度悬索桥抗风[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011(Ge Yaojun.Wind resistance of long span suspension bridges[M].Beijing:China Communication Press,2011(in Chinese))
[7]Liu G,Xu Y L,Zhu L.Time domain buffeting analysis of long suspension bridges under skew winds[J].Wind and Structures,2004,7(6):421-447
[8]刘高,陈上有,刘天成,等.跨海特大型桥梁风-浪耦合作用的随机振动分析[J].应用数学与力学,2017,38(1):75-89(Liu Gao,Chen Shangyou,Liu Tiancheng,et al.An analysis method for wind-wave coupling induced random vibration of sea-crossing super-large bridges[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2017,38(1):75-89(in Chinese))
[9]Chen S,Liu G,Liu T,et al.Dynamic analysis of bridge tower under wind and wave action[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth(2015)International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference.Kona,Big Island,Hawaii:International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,UAS,2015:1470-1477
[10]Liu G,Liu T,Guo A,et al.Dynamic elastic response testing method of bridge structure under wind-wave-current action[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth(2015)International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference.Kona,Big Island,Hawaii:International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,UAS,2015:1377-1385
[11]Cheng Q,Liu G,Wu H,et al.Numerical simulation of typhoon waves in Waters of Qiongzhou Strait[C]//Proceedings of the twenty-fifth(2015)international ocean and polar engineering conference.Kona,Big Island,Hawaii:International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,2015:1117-1122
[12]夏禾,张楠,郭薇薇.车桥耦合振动工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2014(Xia He,Zhang Nan,Guo Weiwei.Coupling vibrations of train-bridge system[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014(in Chinese))
[13]陈上有,路萍,刘高,等.列车-桥梁-汽车耦合振动仿真分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(20):123-128(Chen Shangyou,Lu Ping,Liu Gao,et al.Simulation and analysis on coupled vibration of train-bridge-road vehicle system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(20):123-128(in Chinese))
[14]张楠,夏禾,郭薇薇,等.京沪高速铁路南京大胜关长江大桥风-车-桥耦合振动分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(1):41-48(Zhang Nan,Xia He,Guo Weiwei,et al.Analysis on the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration for Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway[J],China Railway Science,2009,30(1):41-48(in Chinese))
[15]郭向荣,曾庆元.京沪高速铁路南京长江斜拉桥方案行车临界风速分析[J].铁道学报,200l,23(5):75-80(Guo Xiangrong,Zeng Qingyuan.Analysis of critical wind speed for running trains on a schemed Yangtze River Bridge at Nanjing on Jing-Hu high speed railwayline[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,200l,23(5):75-80(in Chinese))
[16]李永乐.风-车-桥系统非线性空间耦合振动研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003(Li Yongle.Nonlinear three-dimensional coupling vibration of wind-vehiclebridge system[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2003(in Chinese))
[17]Zhu J,Zhang W,Wu M X.Coupled dynamic analysis of the vehicle-bridge-wind-wave system[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2018,23(8):04018054
[18]Zhu J,Zhang W,Wu M X.Evaluation of ride comfort and driving safety for moving vehicles on slender coastal bridges[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2018,140(5):051012
[19]俞聿修.随机波浪及其工程应用[M].第4版.大连:大连理工大学出版社,2011(Yu Yuxiu.Random wave and its applications for engineering[M].4th ed.Dalian:Dalian University of Technology Press,2011(in Chinese))
[20]李玉成,滕斌.波浪对海上建筑物的作用[M].第三版.北京:海洋出版社,2015(Li Yucheng,Teng Bin.Wave action on maritime structures[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2015(in Chinese))
[21]JTS 145-2015港口与航道水文规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015(JTS 145-2015 Code of hydrology for harbour and waterway[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2015(in Chinese))
[22]日本道路協會.道路橋示方書(耐震設計編,下部構造編)[M].日本:日本丸善出版,2002
[23]李湛,李鹏飞,姜震宇,等.不同激励模式下桥梁实测阻尼比差异[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(3):62-67(Li Zhan,Li Pengfei,Jiang Zhenyu,et al.Difference of bridge damping ration under different excitations[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(3):62-67(in Chinese))
[24]Guo W,Xia H,Xu Y.Running safety analysis of a train on the Tsing Ma Bridge under turbulent winds[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,3(9):307-318
[25]宋晖,沈旺,王昌将.西堠门大桥建设关键技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2015(Song Hui,Sheng Wang,Wang Changjiang.The key engineering technology of Xihoumen bridge construction[M].Beijing:China Communication Press Co.,Ltd.,2015(in Chinese))
[26]韩万水,马麟,汪炳,等.随机车流-桥梁系统耦合振动精细化分析与动态可视化[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(4):78-87(Han Wanshui,Ma Lin,Wang Bing,et al.Refinement analysis and dynamic visualization of traffic-bridge coupling vibration system[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2013,26(4):78-87(in Chinese))
[27]国家铁路局.TB 10002-2017铁路桥涵设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2017(National Railway Administration of the People’s Republic of China.TB10002-2017 Code for design on railway bridge and culvert[S].BeiJing:China Railway Press,2017(in Chinese))