基于人工示踪法的位山灌区地下水补给特征研究
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摘要
为分析位山灌区地下水补给特征。采用溴离子作为示踪剂,选择不同区域、作物类型和灌溉条件进行示踪试验,通过综合补给系数和克里格空间插值法,对大气降水和地表水灌溉对地下水补给强度的影响进行了区分。结果表明,灌区降水和地表水灌溉对地下水补给强度均值为167.7 mm/a,在有灌溉地区补给强度为193.1 mm/a,无灌溉地区补给强度均值104.4 mm/a;冬小麦～夏玉米在有、无灌溉条件下降水和地表水灌溉对地下水的补给强度为198.6和110.7 mm/a,棉花在有、无灌溉条件下降水和地表水灌溉对地下水的补给强度为138.3和85.5 mm/a;灌区综合入渗补给系数范围为:13.7%～22.4%,均值为19.36%,上游灌区地下水的综合入渗补给系数大于下游的地下水补给系数。通过对地下水水位的空间分布和综合入渗补给系数的比较发现,地下水水位与综合入渗补给系数之间存在正相关关系。研究的结果可为位山灌区水资源分析提供参考和指导。
Bromide ion is used as tracer in Weishan Irrigation District to analyze the characteristics of groundwater recharge in the irrigation area in different regions under different crop types and irrigation conditions. The effects of precipitation and surface water irrigation on groundwater recharge rate are distinguished by the comprehensive recharge coefficient and the Kriging Spatial Interpolation method. The results show that the average recharge rate is 167.7 mm/a in the study area, groundwater recharge rate of irrigated land is 193.1 mm/a and the recharge rate of non-irrigated land is 104.4 mm/a. The groundwater recharge rate is 198.6 mm/a and 110.7 mm/a under the condition with and without irrigation for winter wheat ～ summer maize, and the rate is 138.3 mm/a and 85.5 mm/a under the same condition for cotton. The comprehensive infiltration recharge coefficient of the Weishan Irrigation District ranges from 13.7% to 25.4%, and the average value is 19.36%. The comprehensive recharge coefficient of groundwater in the upstream of irrigation area is larger than that in the downstream. By comparing the spatial distribution of the groundwater level and the comprehensive recharge coefficient, the results show that there is a positive relationship between the groundwater level and the comprehensive recharge coefficient. The results serve as a reference for the analysis of water resources in Weishan Irrigation District.
Bromide ion is used as tracer in Weishan Irrigation District to analyze the characteristics of groundwater recharge in the irrigation area in different regions under different crop types and irrigation conditions. The effects of precipitation and surface water irrigation on groundwater recharge rate are distinguished by the comprehensive recharge coefficient and the Kriging Spatial Interpolation method. The results show that the average recharge rate is 167.7 mm/a in the study area, groundwater recharge rate of irrigated land is 193.1 mm/a and the recharge rate of non-irrigated land is 104.4 mm/a. The groundwater recharge rate is 198.6 mm/a and 110.7 mm/a under the condition with and without irrigation for winter wheat ～ summer maize, and the rate is 138.3 mm/a and 85.5 mm/a under the same condition for cotton. The comprehensive infiltration recharge coefficient of the Weishan Irrigation District ranges from 13.7% to 25.4%, and the average value is 19.36%. The comprehensive recharge coefficient of groundwater in the upstream of irrigation area is larger than that in the downstream. By comparing the spatial distribution of the groundwater level and the comprehensive recharge coefficient, the results show that there is a positive relationship between the groundwater level and the comprehensive recharge coefficient. The results serve as a reference for the analysis of water resources in Weishan Irrigation District.
引文
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[23] 窦妍,刘传富,鲁茹,等.水中溴离子含量测定方法的研究[J].应用化学,2013,42(5):936-938.
[2] Wada Y,Beek L P,Kempen C M,et al.Global depletion of groundwater resources[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2010(37):114-122.
[3] Liu Y,Jiang X,Zhang,G,et al.Assessment of shallow groundwater recharge from extreme rainfalls in the Sanjiang plain,northeast China[J].Water,2016(8):440.
[4] Esteller M V,Diaz-Delgado C.Environmental effects of aquifer overexploitation:A case study in the highlands of Mexico[J].Environ.Manag.,2001(29):266-278.
[5] Liu C M,Yu J J,Eloise K.Groundwater Exploitation and Its Impact on the Environment in the North China Plain[J].Water Int.,2001(26):265-27.
[6] Scanlon B R,Healy R W,Cook P G.Choosing appropriate techniques for quantifying groundwater recharge[J].Hydrogeol.J.,2002(10):18-39.
[7] Rueedi J,Purtschert R,Brennwald M S,et al.Estimating amount and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge in the jullemeden basin (Niger) based on 3H,3He and CFC-11 measurements[J].Hydrol.Process,2010(19):3 285-3 298.
[8] Beyer M,Jackson B,Daughney C.Morgenstern,U.;Norton,K.Use of hydrochemistry as a standalone and complementary groundwater age tracer[J].J.Hydrol,2016(543):127-144.
[9] Bonner R,Aylward L,Harley C.Kappelmeyer,U.;Sheridan,C.M.Heat as a hydraulic tracer for horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].J.Water Process Eng.,2017(16):183-192.
[10] K?hne S,Lennartz B,K?hne J M,Sim Nek J.Bromide transport at a tile-drained field site:experiment,and one- and two-dimensional equilibrium and non-equilibrium numerical modeling[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,321(1-4):390-408.
[11] Lassaad Dassi.Use of chloride mass balance and tritium data for estimation of groundwater recharge and renewal rate in an unconfined aquifer from North Africa:a case study from Tunisia[J].Environ Earth Science,2010(60):861-871.
[12] Th.Müller a,K.Osenbrück,et al.Use of multiple age tracers to estimate groundwater residence times and long-term recharge rates in arid southern Oman[J].Applied Geochemistry,2016(74):67-83.
[13] 谭秀翠,杨金忠,宋雪航,等.华北平原地下水补给量计算分析[J].水科学进展,2013,24(1):73-81.
[14] 李杰彪,苏锐,周志超,等.氚示踪法在北山地区地下水补给研究中的应用初探[J].世界核地质科学,2015,32(2):114-124.
[15] 帅品,史良胜,蔡树英,杨金忠.溴离子示踪法在华北平原地下水补给计算中的应用[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(2):11-16.
[16] 马欢,薄宏波,蔡建峰,等.位山灌区典型农田地下水硝态氮污染分析[J].人民黄河,2012,34(10):105-107.
[17] 唐莉华,雷慧闽,新兵,等.位山灌区农业活动对地下水水质的影响[J].水资源保护,2010,26(5):33-37.
[18] 李庆朝.位山引黄灌区上游地下水开发的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(24):6 555- 6 556.
[19] 赵佳辉,李一鸣,陈宝辉.地下水补给方法研究综述[J].农村经济与科技,2018,29(7):48-49.
[20] 朱锦艳,王伟龙.示踪剂在油田开发中的应用[J].勘测开发,2016(12):131.
[21] 盛丰,方妍,张仁铎.运用染色示踪方法研究土壤质地对土壤水非均匀流动特征的影响[J].土壤通报,2012,43(1):25-28.
[22] 王玉新,刘渭萍,张素艳.等.离子选择电极法测定溴的研究[J].辽宁化工,2001,30(11):507-508.
[23] 窦妍,刘传富,鲁茹,等.水中溴离子含量测定方法的研究[J].应用化学,2013,42(5):936-938.