块系岩体动态特性测试系统研制及其应用
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摘要
深部岩体具有块系等级构造特性,在岩石动非线性力学行为中扮演重要角色。为探索深部岩体的动态力学特性,研制块系岩体动态特性测试系统。该系统主要由加载装置和量测系统组成,其中加载装置以激振器作为动力源,能够对由块体组成的结构体系施加水平静载、水平冲击和垂直冲击等多种形式的动静组合加载;量测系统由加速度传感器、电荷放大器、光纤位移计、动态信号测试分析系统组成。将试验系统应用于花岗岩块体模型一维动力冲击试验中,获得冲击振动条件下波传播的频谱、振幅特征。试验情况表明,该系统设计合理,操作方便,量测精度高,可用于研究块系岩体非线性岩石力学现象。
Deep rock mass is a block-hierarchical structure,it plays an important role in rock nonlinear dynamic behaviors. Here,a test system was developed to investigate dynamic characteristics of deep rock mass. The test system mainly was composed of a loading device and a measurement system. Vibration exciters were taken as dynamic sources in the loading device to apply various forms of load dynamic and static combinations,such as,horizontal static load,horizontal impact and vertical impact to a structural system consisting of rock blocks. The measurement system consisted of acceleration sensor,charge amplifier,laser fiber displacement meter and dynamic signals measurement & analysis system.One-dimensional dynamic impact tests of a granite block model were performed to obtain the frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of elastic wave propagation. Test results showed that the test system's design is reasonable,it is easy to operate and has a high measurement accuracy; it can be used to study nonlinear rock mechanical phenomena of block rock mass.
Deep rock mass is a block-hierarchical structure,it plays an important role in rock nonlinear dynamic behaviors. Here,a test system was developed to investigate dynamic characteristics of deep rock mass. The test system mainly was composed of a loading device and a measurement system. Vibration exciters were taken as dynamic sources in the loading device to apply various forms of load dynamic and static combinations,such as,horizontal static load,horizontal impact and vertical impact to a structural system consisting of rock blocks. The measurement system consisted of acceleration sensor,charge amplifier,laser fiber displacement meter and dynamic signals measurement & analysis system.One-dimensional dynamic impact tests of a granite block model were performed to obtain the frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of elastic wave propagation. Test results showed that the test system's design is reasonable,it is easy to operate and has a high measurement accuracy; it can be used to study nonlinear rock mechanical phenomena of block rock mass.
引文
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[2]钱七虎.战略防护工程面临的核钻地弹威胁及连续介质力学模型的不适用性[J].防护工程,2005,26(5):1-10.QIAN Qihu. Threat of nuclear missile faced in strategic protection works and inapplicability of continuum mechanical model[J]. Protective Engineering,2005,26(5):1-10.
[3]戚承志,钱七虎,王明洋,等.岩体的构造层次及其成因[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2838-2846.QI Chengzhi,QIAN Qihu,WANG Mingyang,et al. Structural hierarchy of rock massif and mechanism of its formation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2838-2846.
[4]王明洋,戚承志,钱七虎.深部岩体块系介质变形与运动特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2825-2830.WANG Mingyang,QI Chengzhi,QIAN Qihu. Study on deformation and motion characteristics of blocks in deep rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2825-2830.
[5]KURLENYA M V,OPARIN V N. Problems of nonlinear geomechanics. PartⅠ[J]. Journal of Mining Science,1999,35(3):216-230.
[6]KURLENYA M V,OPARIN V N, VOSTRIKOV V I.Pendulum-type waves. Part II:experimental methods and main results of physical modeling[J]. Journal of Mining Science,1996,32(4):245-273.
[7]KURLENYA M V,OPARIN V N,VOSTRIKOV V I,et al.Pendulum waves. Part III:data of on-site observations[J].Journal of Mining Science,1996,32(5):341-361.
[8]KURLENYA M V,OPARIN V N. Problems of nonlinear geomechanics. PartⅡ[J]. Journal of Mining Science,2000,36(4):305-326.
[9]KURLENYA M V,OPARIN V N,VOSTRIKOV V I. Effect of anomalously low friction in block media[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics&Technical Physics,1999,40(6):1116-1120.
[10]贾宝新,陈扬,潘一山,等.冲击载荷下块系岩体摆型波传播特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2015(11):3071-3076.JIA Baoxin,CHEN Yang,PAN Yishan,et al. Experimental research on propagation characteristics of block-rock mass pendulum-type wave under shock load[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015(11):3071-3076.
[11]王洪亮,葛涛,王德荣,等.块系岩体动力特性理论与实验对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):951-958.WANG Hongliang,GE Tao,WANG Derong,et al. Comparison of theoretical and experimental analyses of dynamic characteristics of block rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):951-958.
[12]许琼萍,陆渝生,王德荣.深部岩体块系摩擦减弱效应试验[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,10(3):285-289.XU Qiongping,LU Yusheng,WANG Derong. Experimental study on friction weakened effect of deep block rock mass[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2009,10(3):285-289.