两种暖季型草坪草优良品种耐践踏性评价
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摘要
采用模拟践踏处理的方法对8个狗牙根(Cynodon)品种和4个结缕草(Zoysia)品种的耐践踏性进行初步评价。结果表明,践踏处理对各参试品种的坪用价值指标造成了显著影响(P<0.05),践踏处理之后各材料叶片变窄变薄,密度、盖度、均一性下降,叶色变浅,反弹率升高,践踏处理1~2个月对参试材料直立生长影响较小,而处理3个月后草层高度显著下降。不同材料的耐践踏性存在较大差异,在短期践踏条件下,8个狗牙根品种中阳江狗牙根和C29100M1的坪用价值显著优于其他材料,而在长期践踏处理下,苏植2号杂交狗牙根坪用价值最高。4个结缕草品种中,苏植1号杂交结缕草作为运动草坪的综合坪用质量最高。该研究为这些新品种进一步的开发利用提供参考依据。
In this study,the wear tolerance of eight Bermudagrass and four zoysiagrass cultivars were evaluated with an imitated trampling method. The results showed that the growth characteristics of all the tested materials were influenced significantly( P < 0. 05). After trampling,the leaf width,leaf thickness,turf density,ground cover,uniformity,and leaf color of all the samples decreased,while the bounce rate increased. Trampling treatment for one to two months had little effect on the upright growth of the test material,and the turf height decreased significantly after three months.There were significant differences in the resistance to trampling of different materials. Among eight Bermudangrass cultivars,the turf quality of the Yangjiang Bermudagrass and C29100M1 were significantly better than those of other materials under short-term trampling conditions,while the Suzhi No. 2 hybrid Bermudagrass was most valuable in terms of longterm trampling under processing. Among four zoysiagrass cultivars,Suzhi No. 1 hybrid zoysiagrass had the highest comprehensive turf quality as a sport turfgrass. The results of this study will provide a basis for the exploitation and application of these tested turfgrass cultivars
In this study,the wear tolerance of eight Bermudagrass and four zoysiagrass cultivars were evaluated with an imitated trampling method. The results showed that the growth characteristics of all the tested materials were influenced significantly( P < 0. 05). After trampling,the leaf width,leaf thickness,turf density,ground cover,uniformity,and leaf color of all the samples decreased,while the bounce rate increased. Trampling treatment for one to two months had little effect on the upright growth of the test material,and the turf height decreased significantly after three months.There were significant differences in the resistance to trampling of different materials. Among eight Bermudangrass cultivars,the turf quality of the Yangjiang Bermudagrass and C29100M1 were significantly better than those of other materials under short-term trampling conditions,while the Suzhi No. 2 hybrid Bermudagrass was most valuable in terms of longterm trampling under processing. Among four zoysiagrass cultivars,Suzhi No. 1 hybrid zoysiagrass had the highest comprehensive turf quality as a sport turfgrass. The results of this study will provide a basis for the exploitation and application of these tested turfgrass cultivars
引文
[1]郭海林,刘建秀,朱雪花,高鹤,宣继萍,郭爱桂.不同践踏程度对狗牙根外部性状和坪用质量的影响.植物资源与环境学报,2005,14(1):58-59.Guo H L,Liu J X,Zhu X H,Gao H,Xuan J P,Guo A G.Effects of different tramp intensity on morphological characters and turf quality of Cynodon dactylon.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2005,14(1):58-59.(in Chinese)
[2]高艳芝,宗俊勤,陈静波,赵瑞霜,刘建秀.15份不同暖季型草坪草生长量对长期水淹和水涝胁迫的响应.草业科学,2015,32(3):354-362.Gao Y Z,Zong J Q,Chen J B,Zhao R S,Liu J X.Response of 15 different warm season turfgrass germplasms to long-term submergence and waterlogging stress.Pratacultural Science,2015,32(3):354-362.(in Chinese)
[3]蔡捡,张小晶,李莹,曾晓琳,刘金平.基质对中华结缕草扦插成活率及幼苗生长特性的影响.草业科学,2015,32(7):1041-1046.Cai J,Zhang X J,Li Y,Zeng X L,Liu J P.Effects of soil substrate on the survival rate and component characteristics of Zoysia sinica cutting seedlings.Pratacultural Science,2015,32(7):1041-1046.(in Chinese)
[4]邢强.温室环境下适宜草坪草种的筛选评价.草业科学,2016,33(11):2209-2220.Xing Q.Study on selection and evaluation for turf grass in greenhouse condition.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(11):2209-2220.(in Chinese)
[5]周保鑫,孙吉雄.草坪践踏器的原理及其研制.甘肃农大学报,1994,29(1):93-95.Zhou B X,Sun J X.The principle and development of the trample device on lawn.Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,1994,29(1):93-95.(in Chinese)
[6]陈青安.田径足球场的运动草坪设计.科技信息,2007(28):579,581.Chen Q A.The design of sports turf of track and soccer field.Science and Technology Information,2007(28):579,581.(in Chinese)
[7]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅰ.Wear tolerance of seven turfgrass species and quantitative methods for determining turfgrass wear injury.Agronomy Journal,1975,67(2):208-211.
[8]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅱ.Effects of cell wall constituents on turfgrass wear tolerance.Agronomy Journal,1975,67(2):211-215.
[9]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅲ.Physiological,morphological,and anatomical characteristics associated with turfgrass wear tolerance.Agronomy Journal,1975(2):215-218.
[10]刘建秀.草坪坪用价值综合评价体系的探讨.Ⅱ.评价体系的应用.中国草地,2000(3):55-57.Liu J X.Approach to the comprehensive assessment system of turf quality.Ⅱ.Utilization of the assessment system.Grassland of China,2000(3):55-57.(in Chinese)
[11]宋桂龙,韩烈保.足球场草坪运动质量影响因素的研究进展.中国草地学报,2003,25(1):54-62.Song G L,Han L B.Research progress of effect factors on the playing quality of soccer pitches.Grassland of China,2003,25(1):54-62.(in Chinese)
[12]耿世磊,赵晟,吴鸿.三种草坪草的茎、叶解剖结构及其坪用性状.热带亚热带植物学报,2002,10(2):145-151.Geng S L,Zhao S,Wu H.Anatomical characters of stems and leaves of three lawn grasses.Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2002,10(2):145-151.(in Chinese)
[13]Youngner V B.Accelerated wear tests on turfgrasses.Agronomy Journal,1961(4):217-218.
[14]宋桂龙.践踏对足球场草坪草生长和生理影响的研究.北京:北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2003.Song G L.Studies on the effect of traffic stress on the physiology and growth of turfgrass in soccer pitches.Master Thesis.Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2003.(in Chinese)
[15]陈莉.运动场草坪耐用强度:阈值的研究.兰州:甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文,2001.Chen L.Study on the threshold of durable tolerance of sport turf.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2001.(in Chinese)
[16]李德颖,Waren F H.混播草坪上足球运动践踏模拟效果的研究.农业工程学报,1997,13(2):164-168.Li D Y,Waren F H.Soccer wear simulation on sport turf mixture.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,1997,13(2):164-168.(in Chinese)
[17]孙吉雄.草坪学.兰州:甘肃科技出版社,1989.Sun J X.Turf Science.Lanzhou:Gansu Science and Technology Publishing Company,1989.(in Chinese)
[18]GB/T19995-2005.天然材料体育场地使用要求及检验方法第1部分:足球场地天然草面层.北京:中国标准出版社,2006.GB/T19995-2005.Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Natural Material Sport Fields Part 1:Grassed Surface for Football Fields.Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006.(in Chinese)
[19]陈静波,褚晓晴,李珊,宗俊勤,王丹,刘建秀.盐水灌溉对7属11种暖季型草坪草生长的影响及抗盐性差异.草业科学,2012,29(8):1185-1192.Chen J B,Chu X Q,Li S,Zong J Q,Wang D,Liu J X.Effects of saline water irrigation on the growth of 7 genera and 11 species of warm season turfgrasses and their salinity tolerance difference.Pratacultural Science,2012,29(8):1185-1192.(in Chinese)
[20]Canaway P M.A comparison of real and artificial wear.Journal of the Sports Turf Research Institute,1981,57:108-121.
[2]高艳芝,宗俊勤,陈静波,赵瑞霜,刘建秀.15份不同暖季型草坪草生长量对长期水淹和水涝胁迫的响应.草业科学,2015,32(3):354-362.Gao Y Z,Zong J Q,Chen J B,Zhao R S,Liu J X.Response of 15 different warm season turfgrass germplasms to long-term submergence and waterlogging stress.Pratacultural Science,2015,32(3):354-362.(in Chinese)
[3]蔡捡,张小晶,李莹,曾晓琳,刘金平.基质对中华结缕草扦插成活率及幼苗生长特性的影响.草业科学,2015,32(7):1041-1046.Cai J,Zhang X J,Li Y,Zeng X L,Liu J P.Effects of soil substrate on the survival rate and component characteristics of Zoysia sinica cutting seedlings.Pratacultural Science,2015,32(7):1041-1046.(in Chinese)
[4]邢强.温室环境下适宜草坪草种的筛选评价.草业科学,2016,33(11):2209-2220.Xing Q.Study on selection and evaluation for turf grass in greenhouse condition.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(11):2209-2220.(in Chinese)
[5]周保鑫,孙吉雄.草坪践踏器的原理及其研制.甘肃农大学报,1994,29(1):93-95.Zhou B X,Sun J X.The principle and development of the trample device on lawn.Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,1994,29(1):93-95.(in Chinese)
[6]陈青安.田径足球场的运动草坪设计.科技信息,2007(28):579,581.Chen Q A.The design of sports turf of track and soccer field.Science and Technology Information,2007(28):579,581.(in Chinese)
[7]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅰ.Wear tolerance of seven turfgrass species and quantitative methods for determining turfgrass wear injury.Agronomy Journal,1975,67(2):208-211.
[8]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅱ.Effects of cell wall constituents on turfgrass wear tolerance.Agronomy Journal,1975,67(2):211-215.
[9]Shearman R C,Beard J B.Turfgrass wear tolerance mechanisms:Ⅲ.Physiological,morphological,and anatomical characteristics associated with turfgrass wear tolerance.Agronomy Journal,1975(2):215-218.
[10]刘建秀.草坪坪用价值综合评价体系的探讨.Ⅱ.评价体系的应用.中国草地,2000(3):55-57.Liu J X.Approach to the comprehensive assessment system of turf quality.Ⅱ.Utilization of the assessment system.Grassland of China,2000(3):55-57.(in Chinese)
[11]宋桂龙,韩烈保.足球场草坪运动质量影响因素的研究进展.中国草地学报,2003,25(1):54-62.Song G L,Han L B.Research progress of effect factors on the playing quality of soccer pitches.Grassland of China,2003,25(1):54-62.(in Chinese)
[12]耿世磊,赵晟,吴鸿.三种草坪草的茎、叶解剖结构及其坪用性状.热带亚热带植物学报,2002,10(2):145-151.Geng S L,Zhao S,Wu H.Anatomical characters of stems and leaves of three lawn grasses.Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2002,10(2):145-151.(in Chinese)
[13]Youngner V B.Accelerated wear tests on turfgrasses.Agronomy Journal,1961(4):217-218.
[14]宋桂龙.践踏对足球场草坪草生长和生理影响的研究.北京:北京林业大学硕士学位论文,2003.Song G L.Studies on the effect of traffic stress on the physiology and growth of turfgrass in soccer pitches.Master Thesis.Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2003.(in Chinese)
[15]陈莉.运动场草坪耐用强度:阈值的研究.兰州:甘肃农业大学硕士学位论文,2001.Chen L.Study on the threshold of durable tolerance of sport turf.Master Thesis.Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,2001.(in Chinese)
[16]李德颖,Waren F H.混播草坪上足球运动践踏模拟效果的研究.农业工程学报,1997,13(2):164-168.Li D Y,Waren F H.Soccer wear simulation on sport turf mixture.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,1997,13(2):164-168.(in Chinese)
[17]孙吉雄.草坪学.兰州:甘肃科技出版社,1989.Sun J X.Turf Science.Lanzhou:Gansu Science and Technology Publishing Company,1989.(in Chinese)
[18]GB/T19995-2005.天然材料体育场地使用要求及检验方法第1部分:足球场地天然草面层.北京:中国标准出版社,2006.GB/T19995-2005.Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Natural Material Sport Fields Part 1:Grassed Surface for Football Fields.Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006.(in Chinese)
[19]陈静波,褚晓晴,李珊,宗俊勤,王丹,刘建秀.盐水灌溉对7属11种暖季型草坪草生长的影响及抗盐性差异.草业科学,2012,29(8):1185-1192.Chen J B,Chu X Q,Li S,Zong J Q,Wang D,Liu J X.Effects of saline water irrigation on the growth of 7 genera and 11 species of warm season turfgrasses and their salinity tolerance difference.Pratacultural Science,2012,29(8):1185-1192.(in Chinese)
[20]Canaway P M.A comparison of real and artificial wear.Journal of the Sports Turf Research Institute,1981,57:108-121.