油页岩原位开采井筒结构设计
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摘要
在油页岩原位开采过程中,需要300℃以上高温持续对地层加热数月甚至数年,造成井筒密封完整性失效。目前国内外关于油页岩原位开采的研究集中于加热方式的实验介绍,没有可参考的实钻井筒结构设计。依据吉林松南青一段油页岩的实际情况,设计电加热、注热氮气加热两种不同开发方式下的井筒结构,利用有限元软件对加热体、套管、水泥环、围岩组合体密封完整性模型进行模拟分析。结果表明,采用600℃电加热方式进行开采时,热量传入地层迅速衰减,有效开发半径仅2. 0 m,难以适用于油页岩的开采;采用注热氮气加热开发时,有效开发半径仅5. 0 m,考虑后期压裂,热氮气可通过裂缝有效加热地层,适用于油页岩的开采;套管在加热段热应力可达1 094 MPa,需选用偏梯扣TP110H抗高温套管。
In the in-situ mining process of oil shale,high temperature above 300 ℃ is required to continuously heat the formation for several months or even years,resulting in failure of the wellbore seal integrity. At present,the research on in-situ exploitation of oil shale at home and abroad focuses on the experimental introduction of heating mode,and there is no physical drilling tube structure design that can be referred to. According to the actual situation of oil shale in the Nanqing section of Jilin Songnan,the wellbore structures under two different development modes,electric heating and nitrogen injection heating were designed respectively,and the heating element,casing,cement ring and surrounding rock were used by finite element software. The combined seal integrity model was simulated. The results show that when mining with 600 ℃ electric heating,the heat is transferred to the formation and decays rapidly. The effective development radius is only 2. 0 m,which is difficult to apply to the exploitation of oil shale. When using the heating nitrogen heating,the effective development radius is only 5. 0 m. Considering the late fracturing,the hot nitrogen can effectively heat the formation through the crack,which is suitable for the exploitation of oil shale; the thermal stress of the casing in the heating section can reach 1 094 MPa,and the TP110H anti-high temperature casing is required.
In the in-situ mining process of oil shale,high temperature above 300 ℃ is required to continuously heat the formation for several months or even years,resulting in failure of the wellbore seal integrity. At present,the research on in-situ exploitation of oil shale at home and abroad focuses on the experimental introduction of heating mode,and there is no physical drilling tube structure design that can be referred to. According to the actual situation of oil shale in the Nanqing section of Jilin Songnan,the wellbore structures under two different development modes,electric heating and nitrogen injection heating were designed respectively,and the heating element,casing,cement ring and surrounding rock were used by finite element software. The combined seal integrity model was simulated. The results show that when mining with 600 ℃ electric heating,the heat is transferred to the formation and decays rapidly. The effective development radius is only 2. 0 m,which is difficult to apply to the exploitation of oil shale. When using the heating nitrogen heating,the effective development radius is only 5. 0 m. Considering the late fracturing,the hot nitrogen can effectively heat the formation through the crack,which is suitable for the exploitation of oil shale; the thermal stress of the casing in the heating section can reach 1 094 MPa,and the TP110H anti-high temperature casing is required.
引文
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10 Pernites R B,Santra A K.Portland cement solutions for ultra-high temperature wellbore applications[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2016,72:89-103
11胡千红,刘卫红,刘书杰,等.热采井耐高温低密度水泥浆体系研究[J].能源化工,2018,39(4):53-57Hu Qianhong,Liu Weihong,Liu Shujie,et al.Study on high temperature and low density cement slurry system for thermal recovery wells[J].Energy Chemical Industry,2018,39(4):53-57
12李广友,马中良,郑家锡,等.油页岩不同温度原位热解物性变化核磁共振分析[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(3):402-406Li Guangyou,Ma Zhonliang,Zheng Jiaxi,et al.NMR analysis of the physical change of oil shales during in-situ pyrolysis at different temperatures[J].Petroleum Geology&Exper Riment,2016,38(3):402-406
13李洪乾,赵增新,崔凯,等.热采井高温对套管强度的影响[J].钻采工艺,2011,34(5):90-92Li Hongqian,Zhao Zengxin,Cui Kai,et al.Research on the drill tool failure in acid gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2011,34(5):90-92
14甘全.热采井套管损坏机理研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017Gan Quan.Casing damage mechanism of thermal recovery wells[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017
15卢小庆,李勤,李春香.高强度稠油热采井专用套管TP110H的开发[J].钢管,2007(5):14-17Lu Xiaoqing,Li Qin,Li Chunxiang.Development of TP110H histrength special casing for service in thickened oil hot well[J].Steel Pipe,2007(5):14-17
2刘招君,董清水,叶松青.中国油页岩资源现状[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006(6):869-876Liu Zhaojun,Dong Qingshui,Ye Songqing.The situation of oil shale resources in China[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006(6):869-876
3汪友平,王益维,孟祥龙,等.美国油页岩原位开采技术与启示[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(6):55-59Wang Youping,Wang Yiwei,Meng Xianglong,et al.Enlightenment of American's oil shale in-situ retorting technology[J].Oil Drilling&Proudction Technology,2013,35(6):55-59
4薛华庆,杜发平,徐文林.油页岩电加热原位开采技术研究进展[J].天然气技术,2010,4(1):18-20Xue Huaqing,Du Faping,Xu Wenlin.Research progress on in-situ mining technology of oil shale electric heating[J].Natural Gas Technology,2010,4(1):18-20
5 Singh R,Shah A A,Potter A,et al.Performance and analysis of a novel polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell using a solution based redox mediator[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011,9(5):562-569
6 Chen S,Guo L W,Xiao C,et al.Utilization of oil shale retorting technology and underground overview[C]//International Conference on Computer Distributed Control&Intelligent Environmental Monitoring.Changsha,China:IEEE,2011:261-263
7刘德勋,王红岩,郑德温,等.世界油页岩原位开采技术进展[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):128-132Liu Dexun,Wang Hongyan,Zheng Dewen,et al.World progress of oil shale in-situ exploitation ethods[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):128-132
8刘荣斌.油页岩开采技术发展方向及趋势[J].价值工程,2018,37(18):240-241LIU Rongbin.Development direction and trend of oil shale mining technology[J].Engineering Value,2018,37(18):240-241
9李家晟,孙友宏,郭威,等.高压-工频电加热裂解油页岩技术室内试验及氧的驱动效应分析[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(5):13-17Li Jiasheng,Sun Youhong,Guo Wei,et al.Laboratory test of oil shale prolysis by high voltage-power frequency electric heating and the analysis on oxygen driving effect[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(5):13-17
10 Pernites R B,Santra A K.Portland cement solutions for ultra-high temperature wellbore applications[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2016,72:89-103
11胡千红,刘卫红,刘书杰,等.热采井耐高温低密度水泥浆体系研究[J].能源化工,2018,39(4):53-57Hu Qianhong,Liu Weihong,Liu Shujie,et al.Study on high temperature and low density cement slurry system for thermal recovery wells[J].Energy Chemical Industry,2018,39(4):53-57
12李广友,马中良,郑家锡,等.油页岩不同温度原位热解物性变化核磁共振分析[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(3):402-406Li Guangyou,Ma Zhonliang,Zheng Jiaxi,et al.NMR analysis of the physical change of oil shales during in-situ pyrolysis at different temperatures[J].Petroleum Geology&Exper Riment,2016,38(3):402-406
13李洪乾,赵增新,崔凯,等.热采井高温对套管强度的影响[J].钻采工艺,2011,34(5):90-92Li Hongqian,Zhao Zengxin,Cui Kai,et al.Research on the drill tool failure in acid gas field[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2011,34(5):90-92
14甘全.热采井套管损坏机理研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017Gan Quan.Casing damage mechanism of thermal recovery wells[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017
15卢小庆,李勤,李春香.高强度稠油热采井专用套管TP110H的开发[J].钢管,2007(5):14-17Lu Xiaoqing,Li Qin,Li Chunxiang.Development of TP110H histrength special casing for service in thickened oil hot well[J].Steel Pipe,2007(5):14-17