竖向TMD用板式电涡流阻尼器磁路对比分析
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摘要
为提升竖向TMD用板式电涡流阻尼器(PECD)的耗能效率,分别开展了典型竖向电涡流TMD样机的阻尼性能测试与有限元仿真分析,基于相邻永磁体有效耦合率性能指标,采用三维电磁场有限元分析方法分别优化了外置式与内置式PECD的磁路设计,并对比分析了各磁路的耗能效率、耐久性与占用空间等。研究结果表明:提出的相邻永磁体有效耦合率可以很好地表征永磁体相互作用对PECD等效阻尼系数的影响程度,有助于指导磁路优化设计;外置式与内置式PECD磁路优化设计方案在相邻永磁体磁极布置、水平与竖向适宜间距等方面均存在较大差别;各最优磁路永磁体用量一定时,内置式PECD的等效阻尼系数略低于外置式PECD(附加导磁钢板),但远高于外置式PECD(无导磁钢板);装配内置式PECD的竖向TMD结构相对紧凑,且耐久性也相对较高。
In order to improve energy dissipation efficiency of a planar eddy current damper(PECD) used in a vertical TMD, damping performances of a typical vertical eddy current TMD prototype were detected with tests and FE simulation analysis, respectively. Then, based on the effective coupling rate index of adjacent permanent magnets, the 3-D electromagnetic field finite element analysis method was applied to optimize magnetic circuit designs of external and built-in PECDs. The energy dissipation efficiency, durability and occupied space of each magnetic circuit were compared and analyzed. The study results showed that the effective coupling rate of adjacent permanent magnets can well characterize effects of permanent magnets' interaction on equivalent damping coefficient of PECD, this is helpful for guiding the optimization design of magnetic circuits; there are larger differences between external and built-in PECDs' magnetic circuit optimized schemes in magnetic polar arrangement of adjacent permanent magnets and suitable spacing in horizontal or vertical directions; when permanent magnets used in each optimal magnetic circuit are a certain amount, the equivalent damping coefficient of built-in PECD is slightly lower than that of external TMD with additional magnetic conductivity steel plate, but the former is much higher than that of external PECD without such a steel plate; the structure of a vertical TMD with a built-in PECD is relatively compact, and its durability is also relatively higher.
In order to improve energy dissipation efficiency of a planar eddy current damper(PECD) used in a vertical TMD, damping performances of a typical vertical eddy current TMD prototype were detected with tests and FE simulation analysis, respectively. Then, based on the effective coupling rate index of adjacent permanent magnets, the 3-D electromagnetic field finite element analysis method was applied to optimize magnetic circuit designs of external and built-in PECDs. The energy dissipation efficiency, durability and occupied space of each magnetic circuit were compared and analyzed. The study results showed that the effective coupling rate of adjacent permanent magnets can well characterize effects of permanent magnets' interaction on equivalent damping coefficient of PECD, this is helpful for guiding the optimization design of magnetic circuits; there are larger differences between external and built-in PECDs' magnetic circuit optimized schemes in magnetic polar arrangement of adjacent permanent magnets and suitable spacing in horizontal or vertical directions; when permanent magnets used in each optimal magnetic circuit are a certain amount, the equivalent damping coefficient of built-in PECD is slightly lower than that of external TMD with additional magnetic conductivity steel plate, but the former is much higher than that of external PECD without such a steel plate; the structure of a vertical TMD with a built-in PECD is relatively compact, and its durability is also relatively higher.
引文
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[18] 汪志昊,陈政清,王建辉.采用双向调谐质量阻尼器的大跨度桥梁风振控制仿真分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2014,34(3):320-324.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing,WANG Jianhui.Numerical analysis of wind-induced vibration control of a long-span bridge with bi-directional tuned mass dampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2014,34(3):320-324.
[19] 陈政清,张弘毅,黄智文.板式电涡流阻尼器有限元仿真与参数优化[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(18):123-127.CHEN Zhengqing,ZHANG Hongyi,HUANG Zhiwen.FEM simulation and parameter optimization of a planar eddy current damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(18):123-127.
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[2] 王洪涛,施卫星,韩建平,等.钢连桥人致振动及TMD减振效应实测与分析[J].振动、测试与诊断,2016,36(3):505-511.WANG Hongtao,SHI Weixing,HAN Jianping,et al.Analysis and in-situ test of human-induced vibration for the steel footbridge with and without TMD device[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement and Diagnosis,2016,36(3):505-511.
[3] WANG H,TAO T,CHENG H,et al.A simulation study on the optimal control of buffeting displacement for the Sutong Bridge with multiple tuned mass dampers[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A,2014,15(10):798-812.
[4] 文永奎,卢文良.分布式TMD对斜拉桥抖振减振的参数优化及分析[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(6):88-96.WEN Yongkui,LU Wenliang.Parametric optimization and analysis of distributed TMD for buffeting response control of cable-stayed bridge[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(6):88-96.
[5] 陈鑫,李爱群,张志强,等.自立式高耸结构悬吊式TMD减振动力试验与分析[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(2):193-200.CHEN Xin,LI Aiqun,ZHANG Zhiqiang,et al.Dynamic experiment and analysis of self-standing high-rise structures with pendulum TMD[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2016,29(2):193-200.
[6] 刘展,贾利民,庞宇.基于TMD的风力发电机组降载设计方法[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(3):196-201.LIU Zhan,JIA Limin,PANG Yu.The design method of wind turbine load shedding based on TMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(3):196-201.
[7] 陈政清,黄智文,王建辉,等.桥梁用TMD的基本要求与电涡流TMD[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(8):6-10.CHEN Zhengqing,HUANG Zhiwen,WANG Jianhui,et al.Basic requirements of tuned mass damper for bridges and the eddy current TMD[J].Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences),2013,40(8):6-10.
[8] 汪志昊,陈政清.永磁式电涡流调谐质量阻尼器的研制与性能试验[J].振动工程学报,2013,26(3):374-379.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing.Development and performance tests of an eddy-current tuned mass damper with permanent magnets[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2013,26(3):374-379.
[9] 汪志昊,华旭刚,陈政清,等.基于微型永电磁式涡流阻尼TMD的人行桥模型减振试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(20):129-132.WANG Zhihao,HUA Xugang,CHEN Zhengqing,et al.Experimental study on vibration control of a model footbridge by a tiny eddy-current tuned mass damper with permanent magnets[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(20):129-132.
[10] 华旭刚,温青,陈政清,等.大跨度双层曲线斜拉桥人致振动减振优化与实测[J].振动工程学报,2016,29(5):822-830.HUA Xugang,WEN Qing,CHEN Zhengqing,et al.Design and experimental validation of structural vibration control of a curved twin-deck cable-stayed bridge subject to Pedestrians[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2016,29(5):822-830.
[11] 雷旭,牛华伟,陈政清,等.大跨度钢拱桥吊杆减振的新型电涡流TMD开发与应用[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(4):60-68.LEI Xu,NIU Huawei,CHEN Zhengqing,et al.Development and application of new type eddy current TMD for vibration control of hangers of long-span steel arch bridges[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(4):60-68.
[12] 汪志昊,陈政清,王建辉.钢拱桥刚性细长吊杆减振用调谐质量阻尼器的试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(19):5555-5560.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing,WANG Jianhui.Experimental studies on tuned mass dampers for vibration control of rigid slender suspenders in steel arch bridges[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(19):5555-5560.
[13] 宋伟宁,徐斌.上海中心大厦新型阻尼器效能与安全研究[J].建筑结构,2016,46(1):1-8.SONG Weining,XU Bin.Research on performance and safety of innovated damper for Shanghai Tower[J].Building Structure,2016,46(1):1-8.
[14] 陈政清,黄智文,田静莹.电涡流调谐质量阻尼器在钢-混凝土组合楼盖振动控制中的应用研究[J].建筑结构学报,2015,36(增刊1):94-99.CHEN Zhengqing,HUANG Zhiwen,TIAN Jingying.Feasibility study of eddy current tuned mass damper in vibration control of steel-concrete composite floor structures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2015,36(Sup1):94-99.
[15] 汪志昊,刘飞,吴泽玉,等.某面粉厂房楼板的振动控制[J].建筑结构,2015,45(19):32-36.WANG Zhihao,LIU Fei,WU Zeyu,et al.Vibration control of floor for a flour mill building[J].Building Structure,2015,45(19):32-36.
[16] WANG Z H,CHEN Z Q,WANG J H.Feasibility study of a large-scale tuned mass damper with eddy current damping mechanism[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2012,11(3):391-401.
[17] 汪志昊,张闯,周佳贞,等.新型装配式竖向电涡流TMD试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(1):16-22.WANG Zhihao,ZHANG Chuang,ZHOU Jiazhen,et al.Experimental study on a prefabricated eddy-current TMD for vibration control of footbridges[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(1):16-22.
[18] 汪志昊,陈政清,王建辉.采用双向调谐质量阻尼器的大跨度桥梁风振控制仿真分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2014,34(3):320-324.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing,WANG Jianhui.Numerical analysis of wind-induced vibration control of a long-span bridge with bi-directional tuned mass dampers[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2014,34(3):320-324.
[19] 陈政清,张弘毅,黄智文.板式电涡流阻尼器有限元仿真与参数优化[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(18):123-127.CHEN Zhengqing,ZHANG Hongyi,HUANG Zhiwen.FEM simulation and parameter optimization of a planar eddy current damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(18):123-127.
[20] PLUK K J W,VAN BEEK T A,JANSEN J W,et al.Modeling and measurements on a finite rectangular conducting plate in an eddy current damper[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(8):4061-4072.
[21] ZHANG H,KOU B,JIN Y,et al.Modeling and analysis of a novel planar eddy current damper[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2014,115(17):085009-085022.