基于深度域地震成像的中沙海槽盆地东北部结构构造研究
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摘要
文章基于叠前深度偏移地震成像分析,结合前人重磁反演等地球物理资料成果,对中沙海槽盆地东北部结构构造进行探索研究。研究表明:中沙海槽盆地东北部发育新生代地层,厚度在1500～2500m之间,地层层速度为1500～3500m·s?1,不存在中生界沉积层,盆地基底为海山或前寒武系基岩及岩浆岩隆起。中沙海槽盆地新生代陆源海相烃源岩丰富,盆地新生界地层厚度大,盆地凹陷、断裂发育,具有一定的油气勘探潜力。
Based on analysis of the seismic images from prestack depth migration, combining previous results inverted from geophysical data, e.g., gravity and magnetic inversions and so on, we investigate the structure of the northeastern Zhongsha Trough Basin in the South China Sea. The results indicate that the Cenozoic strata are developed with a thickness of1500～2500 m, and the stratum velocity is 1500～3500 m·s?1. There is no Mesozoic sedimentary layer. The base of the basin could be seamount, Precambrian bedrock, or magma uplift. The abundance of Cenozoic terrigenous marine source rocks, the thick layer of the Cenozoic strata, and well-developed basin depressions and faults all suggest that the northeastern Zhongsha Trough Basin has a certain potential for oil and gas exploration.
Based on analysis of the seismic images from prestack depth migration, combining previous results inverted from geophysical data, e.g., gravity and magnetic inversions and so on, we investigate the structure of the northeastern Zhongsha Trough Basin in the South China Sea. The results indicate that the Cenozoic strata are developed with a thickness of1500～2500 m, and the stratum velocity is 1500～3500 m·s?1. There is no Mesozoic sedimentary layer. The base of the basin could be seamount, Precambrian bedrock, or magma uplift. The abundance of Cenozoic terrigenous marine source rocks, the thick layer of the Cenozoic strata, and well-developed basin depressions and faults all suggest that the northeastern Zhongsha Trough Basin has a certain potential for oil and gas exploration.
引文
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李绪深,张迎朝,杨希冰,等,2017.莺歌海-琼东南盆地天然气勘探新认识与新进展[J].中国海上油气,29(6):1-11.LIXUSHEN,ZHANG YINGZHAO,YANG XIBING,et al,2017.New understandings and achievements of natural gas exploration in Yinggehai?Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,29(6):1-11(in Chinese with English abstract).
梁建设,张功成,王璞珺,等,2013.南海陆缘盆地构造演化与烃源岩特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),43(5):1309-1319.LIANG JIANSHE,ZHANG GONGCHENG,WANG PUJUN,et al,2013.Tectonic evolution of epicontinental basins in South China Sea and their feature of source rocks[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),43(5):1309-1319(in Chinese with English abstract).
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鲁宝亮,王璞珺,吴景富,等,2014.南海陆缘盆地中生界分布特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油勘探与开发,41(4):497-503.LU BAOLIANG,WANG PUJUN,WU JINGFU,et al,2014.Distribution of the Mesozoic in the continental margin basins of the South China Sea and its petroliferous significance[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(4):497-503(in Chinese with English abstract).
鲁宝亮,王璞珺,张功成,等,2011.南海北部陆缘盆地基底结构及其油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,32(4):580-587.LUBAOLIANG,WANG PUJUN,ZHANG GONGCHENG,et al,2011.Basement structures of an epicontinental basin in the northern South China Sea and their significance in petroleum prospect[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,32(4):580-587(in Chinese with English abstract).
栾锡武,张亮,2009.南海构造演化模式:综合作用下的被动扩张[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(6):59-74.LUAN XIWU,ZHANG LIANG,2009.Tectonic evolution modes of South China Sea:passive spreading under complex actions[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,29(6):59-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
潘兴祥,秦宁,曲志鹏,等,2013.叠前深度偏移层析速度建模及应用[J].地球物理学进展,28(6):3080-3085.PANXINGXIANG,QIN NING,QU ZHIPENG,et al,2013.Tomography velocity modeling and application of prestack depth migration[J].Progress in Geophysics,28(6):3080-3085(in Chinese with English abstract).
施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等,2014.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征、成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,26(3):11-22.SHI HESHENG,HE MIN,ZHANG LILI,et al,2014.Hydrocarbon geology,accumulation pattern and the next exploration strategy in the eastern Pearl River Mouth basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,26(3):11-22(in Chinese with English abstract).
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王维红,林春华,陈志德,等,2011.古龙断陷深层火山岩地震资料成像方法及应用研究[J].地球物理学报,54(2):310-319.WANG WEIHONG,LIN CHUNHUA,CHENZHIDE,et al,2011.Seismic data imaging techniques and their application for igneous rock formation in Gulong fault depression[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(2):310-319(in Chinese with English abstract).
魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等,2005.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,12(3):245-252.WEI XI,DENG JINFU,XIE WENYAN,et al,2005.Constraints on biogenetic reef formation during evolution of the South China Sea and exploration potential analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,12(3):245-252(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴能友,曾维军,杜德莉,等,1999.南海区域岩石圈的壳-幔耦合关系幔耦合关系纵向演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,19(1):31-38.WU NENGYOU,ZENG WEIJUN,DU DELI,et al,1999.Crust-mantle coupling model and vertical evolution of lithosphere of South China Sea region[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,19(1):31-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,等,2003.南海区域构造沉降特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(1):55-56.WU NENGYOU,ZENG WEIJUN,SONG HAIBIN,et al,2003.Tectonic subsidence of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,23(1):55-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
许自强,但志伟,王新领,等,2013.深水区各向异性叠前深度偏移成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,48(S1):17-22.XUZIQIANG,DAN ZHIWEI,WANG XINLING,et al,2013.Anisotropic prestack depth migration imaging in Deepwater area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,48(S1):17-22(in Chinese with English abstract).
杨胜雄,邱燕,朱本铎,2015.南海地质地球物理图系[M].天津:中国航海图书出版社.YANG SHENGXIONG,QIU YAN,ZHU BENDUO,2015.Atlas of Geology and Geophysicsof the South China Sea[M].Tianjin:China Navigation Publications Press(in Chinese).
杨希冰,2016.南海北部北部湾盆地油气藏形成条件[J].中国石油勘探,21(4):85-92.YANG XIBING,2016.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in Beibu-gulf Basin northern South China Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,21(4):85-92(in Chinese with English abstract).
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张功成,谢晓军,王万银,等,2013.中国南海含油气盆地构造类型及勘探潜力[J].石油学报,34(4):611-627.ZHANGGONGCHENG,XIE XIAOJUN,WANG WANYIN,et al,2013.Tectonic types of petroliferous basins and its exploration potential in the South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,34(4):611-627(in Chinese with English abstract).
张功成,朱伟林,米立军,等,2010.“源热共控论”:来自南海海域油气田“外油内气”环带有序分布的新认识[J].沉积学报,28(5):987-1005.ZHANG GONGCHENG,ZHU WEILIN,MI LIJUN,et al,2010.The theory of hydrocarbon genernation controlled by source rock and heat from circle distribution of outside-oil fields and inside-gas fields in South China Sea[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,28(5):987-1005(in Chinese with English abstract).
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郝天珧,徐亚,孙福利,等,2011.南海共轭大陆边缘构造属性的综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3098-3116.HAO TIANYAO,XU YA,SUN FULI,et al,2011.Integrated geophysical research on the tectonic attribute of conjugate continental margin of South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(12):3098-3116(in Chinese with English abstract).
胡卫剑,江为为,郝天珧,等,2011.南海前新生代残留盆地分布综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3315-3324.HU WEIJIAN,JIANG WEIWEI,HAO TIANYAO,et al,2011.Integrated geophysical research on the distribution of Pre-Cenozoic residual basins in the South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(12):3315-3324(in Chinese with English abstract).
黄金森,1987.中沙环礁特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,7(2):21-24.HUANG JINSEN,1987.Features of the Zhongsha atoll in the South China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,7(2):21-24(in Chinese with English abstract).
李绪深,张迎朝,杨希冰,等,2017.莺歌海-琼东南盆地天然气勘探新认识与新进展[J].中国海上油气,29(6):1-11.LIXUSHEN,ZHANG YINGZHAO,YANG XIBING,et al,2017.New understandings and achievements of natural gas exploration in Yinggehai?Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,29(6):1-11(in Chinese with English abstract).
梁建设,张功成,王璞珺,等,2013.南海陆缘盆地构造演化与烃源岩特征[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),43(5):1309-1319.LIANG JIANSHE,ZHANG GONGCHENG,WANG PUJUN,et al,2013.Tectonic evolution of epicontinental basins in South China Sea and their feature of source rocks[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),43(5):1309-1319(in Chinese with English abstract).
刘宝明,刘海龄,2011.南海及邻区中生界--新的油气勘探领域[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,31(2):105-109.LIUBAOMING,LIU HAILING,2011.The Mesozoic in the South China Sea and adjacent areas:new targets for hydrocarbon exploration[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,31(2):105-109(in Chinese with English abstract).
刘昭蜀,赵岩,李希宗,等,1995.珠江口盆地的扩张旋回及其与含油气性的关系[J].热带海洋,14(3):8-15.LIUZHAOSHU,ZHAO YAN,LI XIZONG,et al,1995.Spreading cycle and relation to the hydrocarbon potential of Zhujiang River Mouth Basin[J].Tropic Oceanology,14(3):8-15(in Chinese with English abstract).
鲁宝亮,王璞珺,吴景富,等,2014.南海陆缘盆地中生界分布特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油勘探与开发,41(4):497-503.LU BAOLIANG,WANG PUJUN,WU JINGFU,et al,2014.Distribution of the Mesozoic in the continental margin basins of the South China Sea and its petroliferous significance[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,41(4):497-503(in Chinese with English abstract).
鲁宝亮,王璞珺,张功成,等,2011.南海北部陆缘盆地基底结构及其油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,32(4):580-587.LUBAOLIANG,WANG PUJUN,ZHANG GONGCHENG,et al,2011.Basement structures of an epicontinental basin in the northern South China Sea and their significance in petroleum prospect[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,32(4):580-587(in Chinese with English abstract).
栾锡武,张亮,2009.南海构造演化模式:综合作用下的被动扩张[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(6):59-74.LUAN XIWU,ZHANG LIANG,2009.Tectonic evolution modes of South China Sea:passive spreading under complex actions[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,29(6):59-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
潘兴祥,秦宁,曲志鹏,等,2013.叠前深度偏移层析速度建模及应用[J].地球物理学进展,28(6):3080-3085.PANXINGXIANG,QIN NING,QU ZHIPENG,et al,2013.Tomography velocity modeling and application of prestack depth migration[J].Progress in Geophysics,28(6):3080-3085(in Chinese with English abstract).
施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等,2014.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征、成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,26(3):11-22.SHI HESHENG,HE MIN,ZHANG LILI,et al,2014.Hydrocarbon geology,accumulation pattern and the next exploration strategy in the eastern Pearl River Mouth basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,26(3):11-22(in Chinese with English abstract).
孙万元,刘仕友,李洋森,等,2017.深度域高分辨率地震资料反演应用研究--以琼东南盆地深度域反演为例[J].地球物理学进展,32(4):1643-1649.SUN WANYUAN,LIUSHIYOU,LI YANGSEN,et al,2017.Research of the depth domain inversion of the seismic data:a case of depth domain inversion in Qiongdongnan basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,32(4):1643-1649(in Chinese with English abstract).
王维红,林春华,陈志德,等,2011.古龙断陷深层火山岩地震资料成像方法及应用研究[J].地球物理学报,54(2):310-319.WANG WEIHONG,LIN CHUNHUA,CHENZHIDE,et al,2011.Seismic data imaging techniques and their application for igneous rock formation in Gulong fault depression[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(2):310-319(in Chinese with English abstract).
魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等,2005.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,12(3):245-252.WEI XI,DENG JINFU,XIE WENYAN,et al,2005.Constraints on biogenetic reef formation during evolution of the South China Sea and exploration potential analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,12(3):245-252(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴能友,曾维军,杜德莉,等,1999.南海区域岩石圈的壳-幔耦合关系幔耦合关系纵向演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,19(1):31-38.WU NENGYOU,ZENG WEIJUN,DU DELI,et al,1999.Crust-mantle coupling model and vertical evolution of lithosphere of South China Sea region[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,19(1):31-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
吴能友,曾维军,宋海斌,等,2003.南海区域构造沉降特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,23(1):55-56.WU NENGYOU,ZENG WEIJUN,SONG HAIBIN,et al,2003.Tectonic subsidence of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,23(1):55-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
许自强,但志伟,王新领,等,2013.深水区各向异性叠前深度偏移成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,48(S1):17-22.XUZIQIANG,DAN ZHIWEI,WANG XINLING,et al,2013.Anisotropic prestack depth migration imaging in Deepwater area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,48(S1):17-22(in Chinese with English abstract).
杨胜雄,邱燕,朱本铎,2015.南海地质地球物理图系[M].天津:中国航海图书出版社.YANG SHENGXIONG,QIU YAN,ZHU BENDUO,2015.Atlas of Geology and Geophysicsof the South China Sea[M].Tianjin:China Navigation Publications Press(in Chinese).
杨希冰,2016.南海北部北部湾盆地油气藏形成条件[J].中国石油勘探,21(4):85-92.YANG XIBING,2016.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in Beibu-gulf Basin northern South China Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,21(4):85-92(in Chinese with English abstract).
姚伯初,1998.南海新生代的构造演化与沉积盆地[J].南海地质研究,1-17.YAO BOCHU,1998.The tectonic evolution and sedimentary basins of south China in Cenozoic[J].Geological Research of South China Sea,1-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
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