基于窄带物联网的土壤墒情监测系统
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摘要
为了实时、准确监测土壤含水率,设计了一套基于窄带物联网的土壤墒情监测系统。系统探头采用圆环柱体结构,通过探头中分频器的输出频率测出土壤含水率,并对电容式土壤水分传感器进行了标定。利用恒温箱进行了环境温度对土壤含水率测量精度的影响分析,表明分频频率与温度呈现良好的线性关系,温度变化1℃,探头中分频频率变化0. 138 6 k Hz,从而得到温度补偿方程。在50. 4～65. 5℃和-18. 0～23. 6℃的环境中进行土壤含水率测量实验,结果显示,系统在较高温、较低温的环境下仍可以稳定、可靠运行。
Moisture content is the most direct and necessary index to analyze and judge agricultural drought,realize water-saving irrigation and hydrological forecast. In order to grasp the information of soil moisture content in time and accurately,a soil moisture monitoring system based on narrow band internet of things( NB-IoT) was designed. Circular cylinder was adopted by the probe of the system. The moisture content of soil was measured by the output frequency of the frequency divider in the probe,and the capacitive soil moisture sensor was calibrated. The calibration experiment of the sensor showed that the calibration curve adopted the cubic polynomial curve of the output frequency of the sensor,and the correlation was good, and the determination coefficient can reach 0. 985 1. The influence of environmental temperature change on the measurement accuracy of soil moisture content was analyzed with a thermostat,and the temperature change of 1℃ and the frequency division of the probe was 0. 138 6 kHz,a first order linear equation was obtained to compensate the influence of ambient temperature on the frequency output of the sensor. Soil moisture content was measured at 50. 4 ～ 65. 5℃ and -18. 0 ～ 23. 6℃. The results show that the system can run stably and reliably at high temperature and low temperature.
Moisture content is the most direct and necessary index to analyze and judge agricultural drought,realize water-saving irrigation and hydrological forecast. In order to grasp the information of soil moisture content in time and accurately,a soil moisture monitoring system based on narrow band internet of things( NB-IoT) was designed. Circular cylinder was adopted by the probe of the system. The moisture content of soil was measured by the output frequency of the frequency divider in the probe,and the capacitive soil moisture sensor was calibrated. The calibration experiment of the sensor showed that the calibration curve adopted the cubic polynomial curve of the output frequency of the sensor,and the correlation was good, and the determination coefficient can reach 0. 985 1. The influence of environmental temperature change on the measurement accuracy of soil moisture content was analyzed with a thermostat,and the temperature change of 1℃ and the frequency division of the probe was 0. 138 6 kHz,a first order linear equation was obtained to compensate the influence of ambient temperature on the frequency output of the sensor. Soil moisture content was measured at 50. 4 ～ 65. 5℃ and -18. 0 ～ 23. 6℃. The results show that the system can run stably and reliably at high temperature and low temperature.
引文
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[20]苏祎.对烘干法水分分析原理的研究[J].中国计量,2009(12):67-70.
[21]吴日峰,李润奎,刘生根,等.不同原理土壤水分传感器的室内外标定方法及对比测试研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(13):6048-6050.WU Rifeng,LI Runkui,LIU Shenggen,et al.Research of calibration methods and contrast tests of soil moisture sensors with different working principles[J].Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,2013,41(13):6048-6050.(in Chinese)
[22]杨红霞,曹新亮.湿度传感器温度补偿法的研究[J].传感器与微系统,2007,26(5):18-20.YANG Hongxia,CAO Xinliang.Study on temperature compensation method for humidity sensor.[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2007,26(5):18-20.(in Chinese)
[2]肖武,李小昱,王为,等.土壤水分含量测量方法的研究进展[C]∥中国农业工程学会学术年会,2007.XIAO Wu,LI Xiaoyu,WANG Wei,et al.Advances in soil water content surveying research[C]∥Academic Annual Meeting of China Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007.(in Chinese)
[3]Standards Association of Australia.Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes[M].North Sydney:The Association,1977.
[4]王一鸣.基于介电法的土壤水分测量技术[C]∥中国农业工程学会学术年会,2007.
[5]WANG Y P E,LIN X,ADHIKARY A,et al.A primer on 3GPP narrow band internet of things(NB-IoT)[J].IEEECommunications Magazine,2016,55(3):117-123.
[6]何泽鹏.基于蜂窝的窄带物联网(NB-IoT)技术性能及应用[J].广东通信技术,2017(3):44-45.
[7]ANGALVEDHE N,RATASUK R,GHOSH A.NB-IoT deployment study for low power wide area cellular Io T[C]∥2016 IEEE27th Annual International Symposium on Personal,Indoor,and Mobile Radio Communications(PIMRC).IEEE,2016.
[8]ADHIKARY A,LIN X,WANG Y P E.Performance evaluation of NB-IoT coverage[C]∥Vehicular Technology Conference.IEEE,2017.
[9]李加念,洪添胜,冯瑞珏,等.基于真有效值检测的高频电容式土壤水分传感器[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(8):216-221.LI Jianian,HONG Tiansheng,FENG Ruijue,et al.High-frequency capactitive soil water content sensor based on detecting of true root mean square[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2011,27(8):216-221.(in Chinese)
[10]VELZQUEZ-MARTB,GRACIA-LPEZ C,PLAZA-GONZALEZ P J.Determination of dielectric properties of agricultural soil[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,91(1):119-125.
[11]张治国,谢运祥,袁兆梅.并联谐振变换器的电路特性分析[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(4):33-38.ZHANG Zhiguo,XIE Yunxiang,YUAN Zhaomei.Analysis of circuit characteristics of parallel resonant converter[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2013,41(4):33-38.(in Chinese)
[12]高志涛,刘卫平,赵燕东,等.多层土壤剖面复合传感器设计与性能分析[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(1):108-117.GAO Zhitao,LIU Weiping,ZHAO Yandong,et al.Design and performance analysis of composite sensor for multilayer soil profile[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):108-117.(in Chinese)
[13]杨绍辉,杨卫中,王一鸣.土壤墒情信息采集与远程监测系统[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(9):173-177.YANG Shaohui,YANG Weizhong,WANG Yiming.Remote collecting and monitoring system of soil moisture content information[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(9):173-177.(in Chinese)
[14]闫华,邢振,薛绪掌,等.土壤剖面水分传感器探头仿真与试验[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(10):249-256.YAN Hua,XING Zhen,XUE Xuzhang,et al.Simulation and experiment verification of profile soil moisture sensor probe[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(10):249-256.(in Chinese)
[15]李小菲.LC无源湿度传感器研究及实现[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2014.
[16]王新忠,刘飞,韩旭.土壤理化特性对土壤剖面水分传感器性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(11):97-101.WANG Xinzhong,LIU Fei,HAN Xu.Influence of soil physical and chemical properties on performance of soil profile moisture sensor[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(11):97-101.(in Chinese)
[17]王晓雷,任学军,胡敬芳,等.附加电阻高频电容法土壤水分传感器的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2008,42(6):689-692.WANG Xiaolei,REN Xuejun,HU Jingfang,et al.Research of soil water content sensor using a high frequency capacitance with an additional resistor[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,2008,42(6):689-692.(in Chinese)
[18]关大陆.基于STC8A8K64S4A12和AD590的远程测温系统[J].辽宁科技学院学报,2017,9(1):1-2,88.GUAN Dalu.Remote temperature measurement system based on STC8A8K64S4A12 and AD590[J].Journal of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology,2017,9(1):1-2,88.(in Chinese)
[19]崔国丽,车喜龙.基于STC12C5A60S2与AD620的小信号采集系统[J].电子设计工程,2012,20(11):112-114.CUI Guoli,CHE Xilong.STX12C5A60S2 and AD620-based acquisition systems for small signal[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2012,20(11):112-114.(in Chinese)
[20]苏祎.对烘干法水分分析原理的研究[J].中国计量,2009(12):67-70.
[21]吴日峰,李润奎,刘生根,等.不同原理土壤水分传感器的室内外标定方法及对比测试研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(13):6048-6050.WU Rifeng,LI Runkui,LIU Shenggen,et al.Research of calibration methods and contrast tests of soil moisture sensors with different working principles[J].Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,2013,41(13):6048-6050.(in Chinese)
[22]杨红霞,曹新亮.湿度传感器温度补偿法的研究[J].传感器与微系统,2007,26(5):18-20.YANG Hongxia,CAO Xinliang.Study on temperature compensation method for humidity sensor.[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2007,26(5):18-20.(in Chinese)
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