原油脱水技术研究进展
|
摘要
随着油气田的不断深化开采及三次采油技术的大规模应用,原油采出液的含水率越来越高,若不脱除分离,会给生产运输及炼化过程带来巨大危害。本文概述了原油的脱水方法,包括物理分离法(重力沉降分离法、旋流分离法、电脱水法、超声波法、微波辐射法、膜分离法等)、化学分离法和生物分离法,并对原油脱水方法的未来进行了展望。
With the continuous deepening of oil and gas fields and the large-scale application of tertiary oil recovery technology,the water content in crude oil production liquid was getting higher and higher. If the higher water content in the production fluid was not removed, it would cause great harm to production, transportation and refining. This paper briefly summarized the commonly used crude oil dehydration methods, which were divided into physical methods such as gravity sedimentation separation, centrifugal separation, electric dehydration, ultrasonic, microwave irradiation and membrane separation, chemical demulsification and biological demulsification separation. The law and the future direction of crude oil dehydration technology in China was reviewed.
With the continuous deepening of oil and gas fields and the large-scale application of tertiary oil recovery technology,the water content in crude oil production liquid was getting higher and higher. If the higher water content in the production fluid was not removed, it would cause great harm to production, transportation and refining. This paper briefly summarized the commonly used crude oil dehydration methods, which were divided into physical methods such as gravity sedimentation separation, centrifugal separation, electric dehydration, ultrasonic, microwave irradiation and membrane separation, chemical demulsification and biological demulsification separation. The law and the future direction of crude oil dehydration technology in China was reviewed.
引文
[1]肖中华.原油乳状液破乳机理及影响因素研究[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(4):165-168.
[2]陈思奇,张嘉兴,李欣洋,等.原油脱水方法综述[J].当代化工,2016,45(8):1860-1862.
[3]魏秋菊,张运峰,孙明卫.对原油破乳剂建标样的几点看法[J].石油工业技术监督,1998(3):15-16.
[4]吕进.油田污水处理技术的发展[J].石油工业技术监督,2005,21(12):9-11.
[5]花明星.锦州油气田南高点原油物性分析及脱水实验研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011.
[6]吴存仙,王振波,金有海.重污油旋流沉降组合分离的实验研究[J].化工装备技术,2009(2):1-4.
[7]刘富山,崔磊,张虹.离心机在蓬莱19-3油田上的应[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2010,32(5):620-622.
[8]J.H.Beetge,B.O.Horne.Chemical-Demulsifier Development Based on Critical-Electric-Field Measurements[J].SPEJournal,2008,13(3):346-353.
[9]虞建业,袁萍,俞力.超声波原油破乳脱水的声场参数实验研究[J].应用声学,2001(3):27-30.
[10]李晶晶,唐晓东.超声波在石油加工中的应用进展[J].化工技术与开发,2005,34(2):22-25.
[11]毛燎原,赵杉林,张启凯,等.无机盐及海水作用下高稠油微波辐射法脱水研究[J].炼油技术与工程,2006,36(10):15-18.
[12]Klaika.Method and apparatus for controlling fluency of high viscosity hydrocarbon fluids:US,4067683[P].1978-01-10.
[13]Wolf.Use of microwave radiation inseparating emulsions and dispersions of hydrocarbons and water:US,4582629[P].1986-04-15.
[14]Cheryana M.,Rajagopalan N.Membrane processing of oily streams Wastewater.treatment and waste reduction[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998,151:13-28.
[15]侯成成,黄磊,黄斌香.PTFE微孔薄膜在油水分离中的应用研究[J].水处理技术,2013(6):73-76.
[16]李梅,高能文,范益群.疏水陶瓷膜脱除油中水分的研究[J].膜科学与技术,2012(3):86-90.
[17]Xue Z.X.,Wang S.T.,Lin L.,et al.A novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic hydrogel-coated mesh for oil/water separation[J].Advanced Materials,2011,23(37):4270-4273.
[18]杨志生,孙宇,梁宝臣.生物优势菌破乳剂的制备及性能研究[J].化学工业与工程,2004,21(1):8-11.
[19]杨葆华.高效生物破乳菌种筛选与破乳试验研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.
[20]周劲.破乳优势菌株的筛选及其活性研究[D].上海:东华大学,2006.
[21]李春艳,曹智,侯宁,等.生物破乳剂产生菌的筛选及破乳效能研究[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2014,31(2):244-249.
[2]陈思奇,张嘉兴,李欣洋,等.原油脱水方法综述[J].当代化工,2016,45(8):1860-1862.
[3]魏秋菊,张运峰,孙明卫.对原油破乳剂建标样的几点看法[J].石油工业技术监督,1998(3):15-16.
[4]吕进.油田污水处理技术的发展[J].石油工业技术监督,2005,21(12):9-11.
[5]花明星.锦州油气田南高点原油物性分析及脱水实验研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011.
[6]吴存仙,王振波,金有海.重污油旋流沉降组合分离的实验研究[J].化工装备技术,2009(2):1-4.
[7]刘富山,崔磊,张虹.离心机在蓬莱19-3油田上的应[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2010,32(5):620-622.
[8]J.H.Beetge,B.O.Horne.Chemical-Demulsifier Development Based on Critical-Electric-Field Measurements[J].SPEJournal,2008,13(3):346-353.
[9]虞建业,袁萍,俞力.超声波原油破乳脱水的声场参数实验研究[J].应用声学,2001(3):27-30.
[10]李晶晶,唐晓东.超声波在石油加工中的应用进展[J].化工技术与开发,2005,34(2):22-25.
[11]毛燎原,赵杉林,张启凯,等.无机盐及海水作用下高稠油微波辐射法脱水研究[J].炼油技术与工程,2006,36(10):15-18.
[12]Klaika.Method and apparatus for controlling fluency of high viscosity hydrocarbon fluids:US,4067683[P].1978-01-10.
[13]Wolf.Use of microwave radiation inseparating emulsions and dispersions of hydrocarbons and water:US,4582629[P].1986-04-15.
[14]Cheryana M.,Rajagopalan N.Membrane processing of oily streams Wastewater.treatment and waste reduction[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998,151:13-28.
[15]侯成成,黄磊,黄斌香.PTFE微孔薄膜在油水分离中的应用研究[J].水处理技术,2013(6):73-76.
[16]李梅,高能文,范益群.疏水陶瓷膜脱除油中水分的研究[J].膜科学与技术,2012(3):86-90.
[17]Xue Z.X.,Wang S.T.,Lin L.,et al.A novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic hydrogel-coated mesh for oil/water separation[J].Advanced Materials,2011,23(37):4270-4273.
[18]杨志生,孙宇,梁宝臣.生物优势菌破乳剂的制备及性能研究[J].化学工业与工程,2004,21(1):8-11.
[19]杨葆华.高效生物破乳菌种筛选与破乳试验研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.
[20]周劲.破乳优势菌株的筛选及其活性研究[D].上海:东华大学,2006.
[21]李春艳,曹智,侯宁,等.生物破乳剂产生菌的筛选及破乳效能研究[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2014,31(2):244-249.