终轧温度对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织演变和硬度的影响
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摘要
采用Gleeble3800热模拟试验机、OM、EBSD、TEM及Vickers硬度计等研究终轧温度对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢的组织转变、析出相和硬度的影响,并阐明了组织演变和硬度变化的原因。结果表明,不同终轧温度的Ti-V-Mo钢其组织均为多边形铁素体;随着终轧温度由1000℃降低到800℃,Ti-V-Mo钢的硬度由400HV提高到427HV;铁素体晶粒的平均尺寸由3.44μm减小到3.05μm;(Ti, V, Mo)C粒子的析出数量增加,其平均尺寸由8.38 nm减小到6.25 nm。随着终轧温度的降低,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸的减小和纳米级(Ti, V, Mo)C粒子的增多及细化是硬度增大的主要因素。在980℃以下,降低终轧温度(Ti, V, Mo)C在奥氏体中的形核率不断减小,使得其在铁素体中析出的10 nm以下的(Ti, V, Mo)C粒子不断增多,促进了硬度的提高。
The effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure, precipitates, hardness of Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel was investigated by means of Gleeble3800 thermal-mechanical simulator, OM, SEM,TEM and Vickers-hardness tester. The results show that the microstructures of Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel, which was finish-rolled at different temperatures, consist of all polygonal ferrite, and the finish rolling temperature has a major impact on the precipitates and hardness. When the finish rolling temperature decreases from 1000 oC to 800 oC, the hardness increases from 400 HV to 427 HV. Meanwhile, the average grain size of ferrite in Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel decreases gradually from 3.44 μm to 3.05 μm and the amount of(Ti, V, Mo)C particles increase monotonously, while their mean size reduces from 8.38 nm to 6.25 nm. The main factors responsible to the enhancement of hardness are the refinement of average ferrite grain size as well as the increasing amount and further refinement of nano-sized(Ti, V, Mo)C particles as the finish rolling temperature decreases. The nucleation rate of(Ti, V, Mo)C carbides in austenite decreased when the finish rolling temperature below 980 oC, while more tiny particles precipitated from ferrite matrix, which promotes the increase of hardness.
The effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure, precipitates, hardness of Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel was investigated by means of Gleeble3800 thermal-mechanical simulator, OM, SEM,TEM and Vickers-hardness tester. The results show that the microstructures of Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel, which was finish-rolled at different temperatures, consist of all polygonal ferrite, and the finish rolling temperature has a major impact on the precipitates and hardness. When the finish rolling temperature decreases from 1000 oC to 800 oC, the hardness increases from 400 HV to 427 HV. Meanwhile, the average grain size of ferrite in Ti-V-Mo microalloyed steel decreases gradually from 3.44 μm to 3.05 μm and the amount of(Ti, V, Mo)C particles increase monotonously, while their mean size reduces from 8.38 nm to 6.25 nm. The main factors responsible to the enhancement of hardness are the refinement of average ferrite grain size as well as the increasing amount and further refinement of nano-sized(Ti, V, Mo)C particles as the finish rolling temperature decreases. The nucleation rate of(Ti, V, Mo)C carbides in austenite decreased when the finish rolling temperature below 980 oC, while more tiny particles precipitated from ferrite matrix, which promotes the increase of hardness.
引文
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[11] Yi H L, Du L X, Wang G D, et al. Development of Nb-V-Ti hotrolled high strength steel with fine ferrite and precipitation strengthening[J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2009, 16:72
[12] Mao X P. Titanium Microalloyed Steel[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2016:18(毛新平.钛微合金钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2016:18)
[13] Zhang K, Li Z D, Sui F L, et al. Effect of cooling rate on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2018, 54:31(张可,李昭东,隋凤利等.冷却速率对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变及力学性能的影响[J].金属学报, 2018, 54:31)
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[15] Pan J S, Tong J M, Tian M B. Fundamentals of Material Science[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2011, 660(潘金生,仝健民,田民波.材料科学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2011, 660)
[16] Lee W B, Hong S G, Park C G, et al. Influence of Mo on precipitation hardening in hot rolled HSLA steels containing Nb[J]. Scr.Mater., 2000, 43, 319
[17] Efron L I, Morozov Y D, Goli-Oglu E A. Influence of rolling temperature on the austenite structure and properties of low-carbon microalloyed steel[J]. Steel Transl, 2012, 42:456
[18] Okamoto R, Borgenstam A,?gren J. Interphase precipitation in niobium-microalloyed steels[J]. Acta. Mater., 2010, 58:4783
[19] Chen C Y, Chen C C, Yang J R. Microstructure characterization of nanometer carbides heterogeneous precipitation in Ti-Nb and TiNb-Mo steel[J]. Mater. Charact., 2014, 88:69
[20] Torganchuk V, Belyakov A, Kaibyshev R. Effect of rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of 18%Mn TWIP/TRIP steels[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, 708:110
[21] Lu J X, Wang G D. Study on the performance of carbonitride precipitation in Nb-Ti microalloyed steels[J]. Iron Steel, 2005, 40:69
[22] Xu W C, Sun F Y. The fine structure of Nb and V precipitates in Nb-V steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 1983, 19:29(徐温崇,孙福玉. Nb-V微合金钢中Nb与V析出相的精细结构[J].金属学报, 1983, 19:29)
[23] Li W Y, Liu K, Hui Y J. Effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot rolled high strength for container[J]. J. Iron Steel Res., 2015, 27:64(李文远,刘锟,惠亚军等.终轧温度对热轧高强集装箱用钢组织及性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报, 2015, 27:64)
[24] Zhang K. Study on microstructure tailoring and strengthening mechanisms of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed high strength steel[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016(张可. Ti-V-Mo复合微合金化高强钢组织调控与强化机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学, 2016)
[25] Yang C F, Zhang Y Q, Wang R Z. Metallurgical Principle and Application of Vanadium Steel[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2012(杨才福,张永权,王瑞珍.钒钢冶金原理与应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2012)
[26] Bracke L, Xu W. Waterschoot T. Effect of finish rolling temperature on direct quenched low alloy martensite properties[J]. Mater.Today:Proceedings, 2015, 2:S659
[27] Guo W M, Wang Z C, Sheng L, et al. Effects of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of ferriticrolled P-added high strength interstitial-free steel sheets[J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2011, 18:42
[28] Sun F Y, Xu W C. Calculation of yield strength of Nb-V microalloy steel controlled-rolled into dual-phaseγ+α[J]. Acta Metall.Sin., 1986, 22(1):115(孙福玉,徐温崇. Nb-V微合金钢在(γ+α)双相区的控轧及有关强化效应的估算[J].金属学报, 1986, 22(1):115)
[2] Hui Y J, Pan H, Liu K, et al. Strengthening mechanism of 600 MPa grade Nb-Ti microalloyed high formability crossbeam steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2017, 53:937(惠亚军,潘辉,刘锟等. 600 MPa级Nb-Ti微合金化高成形性元宝梁用钢的强化机制[J].金属学报, 2017, 53:937)
[3] Cao L C, Xu H W, Wang S S, et al. Effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot rolled high strength steel for container[J]. Iron Steel, 2014, 49:65(曹立潮,余宏伟,王世森等.终轧温度对低合金铌钛贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响[J].钢铁, 2014, 49:65)
[4] Wiskel J B, Ivey D G, Henein H. The effects of finish rolling temperature and cooling interrupt conditions on precipitation in microalloyed steels using small angle neutron scattering[J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2008, 39B:116
[5] Saastamoinen A, Kaijalainen A, Porter D, et al. The effect of finish rolling temperature and tempering on the microstructure, mechanical properties and dislocation density of direct-quenched steel[J].Mater. Charact., 2018, 139:1
[6] Zhang K, Wang H, Sun X J, et al. Precipitation behavior and microstructural evolution of ferritic Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin.(Engl. Lett.), 2018:31(9):997
[7] Zhang K, Yong Q L, Sun X J, et al. Effect of coiling temperature on micro-structure and mechanical properties of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed ultra-high strength steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2016,52:529(张可,雍岐龙,孙新军等.卷取温度对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金化超高强度钢组织及力学性能的影响[J].金属学报, 2016, 52:529)
[8] Chen C Y, Chen C C, Yang J R. Microstructure characterization of nanometer carbides heterogeneous precipitation in Ti-Nb and TiNb-Mo steel[J]. Mater. Charact., 2014, 88:69
[9] Pu F Z, Wang X M, Chen L, et al. Performance of nanosized carbides precipitation and microstructure evolution in tempering process of Ti-Nb-Mo microalloyed steel[J]. T. Mater. Heat. Treat.,2015, 36:96(卜凡征,王学敏,陈琳等. Ti-Nb-Mo微合金钢回火过程中纳米碳化物的析出行为及组织演变[J].材料热处理学报, 2015, 36:96)
[10] Sha Q Y, Li G Y, Qiao L F, et al. Effect of cooling rate and coiling temperature on precipitate in ferrite of a Nb-V-Ti microalloyed strip steel[J]. J. Iron Steel Res., Int., 2007, 14:316
[11] Yi H L, Du L X, Wang G D, et al. Development of Nb-V-Ti hotrolled high strength steel with fine ferrite and precipitation strengthening[J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2009, 16:72
[12] Mao X P. Titanium Microalloyed Steel[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2016:18(毛新平.钛微合金钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2016:18)
[13] Zhang K, Li Z D, Sui F L, et al. Effect of cooling rate on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2018, 54:31(张可,李昭东,隋凤利等.冷却速率对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变及力学性能的影响[J].金属学报, 2018, 54:31)
[14] Bakkalo?lu A. Effect of processing parameters on the microstructure and properties of an Nb microalloyed steel[J]. Mater. Lett.,2002, 56:200
[15] Pan J S, Tong J M, Tian M B. Fundamentals of Material Science[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2011, 660(潘金生,仝健民,田民波.材料科学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2011, 660)
[16] Lee W B, Hong S G, Park C G, et al. Influence of Mo on precipitation hardening in hot rolled HSLA steels containing Nb[J]. Scr.Mater., 2000, 43, 319
[17] Efron L I, Morozov Y D, Goli-Oglu E A. Influence of rolling temperature on the austenite structure and properties of low-carbon microalloyed steel[J]. Steel Transl, 2012, 42:456
[18] Okamoto R, Borgenstam A,?gren J. Interphase precipitation in niobium-microalloyed steels[J]. Acta. Mater., 2010, 58:4783
[19] Chen C Y, Chen C C, Yang J R. Microstructure characterization of nanometer carbides heterogeneous precipitation in Ti-Nb and TiNb-Mo steel[J]. Mater. Charact., 2014, 88:69
[20] Torganchuk V, Belyakov A, Kaibyshev R. Effect of rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of 18%Mn TWIP/TRIP steels[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, 708:110
[21] Lu J X, Wang G D. Study on the performance of carbonitride precipitation in Nb-Ti microalloyed steels[J]. Iron Steel, 2005, 40:69
[22] Xu W C, Sun F Y. The fine structure of Nb and V precipitates in Nb-V steel[J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 1983, 19:29(徐温崇,孙福玉. Nb-V微合金钢中Nb与V析出相的精细结构[J].金属学报, 1983, 19:29)
[23] Li W Y, Liu K, Hui Y J. Effect of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot rolled high strength for container[J]. J. Iron Steel Res., 2015, 27:64(李文远,刘锟,惠亚军等.终轧温度对热轧高强集装箱用钢组织及性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报, 2015, 27:64)
[24] Zhang K. Study on microstructure tailoring and strengthening mechanisms of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed high strength steel[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016(张可. Ti-V-Mo复合微合金化高强钢组织调控与强化机理研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学, 2016)
[25] Yang C F, Zhang Y Q, Wang R Z. Metallurgical Principle and Application of Vanadium Steel[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2012(杨才福,张永权,王瑞珍.钒钢冶金原理与应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2012)
[26] Bracke L, Xu W. Waterschoot T. Effect of finish rolling temperature on direct quenched low alloy martensite properties[J]. Mater.Today:Proceedings, 2015, 2:S659
[27] Guo W M, Wang Z C, Sheng L, et al. Effects of finish rolling temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of ferriticrolled P-added high strength interstitial-free steel sheets[J]. J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2011, 18:42
[28] Sun F Y, Xu W C. Calculation of yield strength of Nb-V microalloy steel controlled-rolled into dual-phaseγ+α[J]. Acta Metall.Sin., 1986, 22(1):115(孙福玉,徐温崇. Nb-V微合金钢在(γ+α)双相区的控轧及有关强化效应的估算[J].金属学报, 1986, 22(1):115)
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