Nb-V-Ti微合金化高强钢的组织演变和析出行为
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摘要
利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究了低碳Nb-V-Ti微合金钢在热变形温度为810～910℃、热变形速率为0. 1～10 s~(-1)条件下的热压缩变形特性。利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、显微硬度计等手段研究了微观组织、纳米析出相和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:热变形工艺显著影响试验钢的微观结构和力学性能,其组织主要由块状铁素体、针状铁素体、贝氏体和少量M/A岛组成。降低热变形温度,不仅能细化晶粒,还能促进针状铁素体的形成,增加M/A岛的数量。当变形速率较低时,基体中析出的碳化物存在团簇现象;变形速率增大,碳化物尺寸减小,数量也减少。当试验钢在860℃以1s~(-1)的速率热变形时,其组织由针状铁素体和贝氏体组成,组织分布均匀,显微硬度为255HV0. 5,综合性能最优。
Thermal compression deformation characteristics of the low carbon Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steel were studied at the temperature ranging from 810 ℃ to 910 ℃ and strain rate ranging from 0. 1 s~(-1) to 10 s~(-1) by using a Gleeble-3800 thermomechanical simulator. The relationship among microstructure,nano-precipitates and mechanical properties was studied by means of optical microscopy( OM),scanning electron microscopy( SEM),transmission electron microscopy( TEM)and microhardness tester. The results showed that the microstructure and mechanical properties of the investigated steel were significantly affected by the thermal deformation process,and its microstructure was mainly composed of granular ferrite,acicular ferrite,bainite and a small amount of M/A islands.Reduction in the deformation temperature could not only refine grains,but also promote the formation of acicular ferrite and increase the amount of M/A islands. The carbides precipitated from the matrix clustered when the deformation rate was lower,and the size and quantity of carbides decreased with the increase of deformation rate. When the thermal deformation temperature was 860 ℃ and the strain rate was 1 s~(-1),the microstructure of the investigated steel was composed of acicular ferrite and bainite,evenly spread and had micro-hardness of 255 HV0. 5,exhibiting the best comprehensive performance.
Thermal compression deformation characteristics of the low carbon Nb-V-Ti microalloyed steel were studied at the temperature ranging from 810 ℃ to 910 ℃ and strain rate ranging from 0. 1 s~(-1) to 10 s~(-1) by using a Gleeble-3800 thermomechanical simulator. The relationship among microstructure,nano-precipitates and mechanical properties was studied by means of optical microscopy( OM),scanning electron microscopy( SEM),transmission electron microscopy( TEM)and microhardness tester. The results showed that the microstructure and mechanical properties of the investigated steel were significantly affected by the thermal deformation process,and its microstructure was mainly composed of granular ferrite,acicular ferrite,bainite and a small amount of M/A islands.Reduction in the deformation temperature could not only refine grains,but also promote the formation of acicular ferrite and increase the amount of M/A islands. The carbides precipitated from the matrix clustered when the deformation rate was lower,and the size and quantity of carbides decreased with the increase of deformation rate. When the thermal deformation temperature was 860 ℃ and the strain rate was 1 s~(-1),the microstructure of the investigated steel was composed of acicular ferrite and bainite,evenly spread and had micro-hardness of 255 HV0. 5,exhibiting the best comprehensive performance.
引文
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[32]张可,李昭东,隋凤利,等.冷却速率对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变及力学性能的影响[J].金属学报,2018,54(1):31-38.
[33]PAVLINA E J,TYNE C J V,et al.Correlation of yield strength and tensile strength with hardness for steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2008,17(6):888-893.
[34]WANG J F,LI G Q,XIAO A D,et al.A bainite-ferrite multiphase steel strengthened by Ti-microalloying[J].Materials Transactions,2011,52(11):2027-2031.
[2]LI D Z,LI X N,CUI T X,et al.Variations in the microstructure and properties of Mn-Ti multiple-phase steel with high strength under different tempering temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,28(2):430-436.
[3]WANG Y Q,CLARK S,JANIK V,et al.Investigating nanoprecipitation in a V-containing HSLA steel using small angle neutron scattering[J].Acta Materialia,2018,145:84-96.
[4]LI X L,LEI C S,TIAN Q,et al.Nanoscale cementite and microalloyed carbide strengthened Ti bearing low carbon steel plates in the context of newly developed ultrafast cooling[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2017,698:268-276.
[5]CHENG L,CAI Q W,XIE B S,et al.Relationships among microstructure,precipitation and mechanical properties in different depths of Ti-Mo low carbon low alloy steel plate[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2016,651:185-191.
[6]WANG J T,HODGSON P D,BIKMUKHAMETOV I,et al.Effects of hot-deformation on grain boundary precipitation and segregation in Ti-Mo microalloyed steels[J].Materials&Design,2018,141:48-56.
[7]ZHENG C S,LI L F,YANG W Y,et al.Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of eutectoid steel with ultra fine or fine(ferrite+cementite)structure[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2014,599:16-24.
[8]ZHANG K,WANG H,SUN X J,et al.Precipitation behavior and microstructural evolution of ferritic Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2018,31(9):997-1005.
[9]HE B B,HU B,YEN H W,et al.High dislocation densityinduced large ductility in deformed and partitioned steels[J].Science,2017,357(6355):1029-1032.
[10]LIU J B,JIN Y B,FANG X Y,et al.Corrigendum:Dislocation strengthening without ductility trade-off in metastable austenitic steels[J].Scientific Reports,2018,6:35345.
[11]FUNAKAWA Y,SHIOZAKI T,TOMITA K,et al.Development of high strength hot-rolled sheet steel consisting of ferrite and nanometer-sized carbides[J].Transactions of the Iron&Steel Institute of Japan,2004,44(11):1945-1951.
[12]ZHANG K,LI Z D,SUN X J,et al.Development of Ti-V-Mo complex microalloyed hot-rolled 900-MPa-grade high-strength steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2015,28(5):641-648.
[13]DENG X T,FU T L,WANG Z D,et al.Extending the boundaries of mechanical properties of Ti-Nb low-carbon steel via combination of ultrafast cooling and deformation during austenite-to-ferrite transformation[J].Metals&Materials International,2017,23(1):175-183.
[14]MANDAL G,ROY C,GHOSH S K,et al.Structure-property relationship in a 2 GPa grade micro-alloyed ultrahigh strength steel[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,705:817-827.
[15]JHA G,DAS S,SINHA S,et al.Design and development of precipitate strengthened advanced high strength steel for automotive application[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2013,561(3):394-402.
[16]吴腾,李会,吴润,等.高强热轧双相钢中组织对性能的影响[J].材料科学与工程学报,2018,36(1):1-5.
[17]PHANIRAJ M P,SHIN Y M,JUNG W S,et al.Understanding dual precipitation strengthening in ultra-high strength low carbon steel containing nano-sized copper precipitates and carbides[J].Nano Convergence,2017,4(1):16-20.
[18]ZHAO Y,XU S S,ZOU Y,et al.Influences of thermomechanical processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a HSLA steel[C]//EPD Congress.Warrendale:The Minerals,Metals,and Materials Society,2016:61-68.
[19]THOMPSON S W,COL D J V,KRAUSS G,et al.Continuous cooling transformations and microstructures in a low-carbon,high-strength low-alloy plate steel[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1990,21(6):1493-1507.
[20]FREIWILLING R,KUDRMAN J,CHRSKA P,et al.Bainite transformation in deformed austenite[J].Metallurgical Transactions A,1976,7(8):1091-1097.
[21]KRAUSS G,THOMPSON S W.Ferritic microstructures in continuously cooled low and ultralow-carbon steels[J].ISIJInternational,1995,35(8):937-945.
[22]XU S S,GUO H,ZHAO Y,et al.Effects of matrix microstructure on the nanoscale precipitation and precipitation strengthening in an ultra-high strength steel[C]//TMS 2018-147th Annual Meeting&Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings.Phoenix,2018:157-163.
[23]YAN P,BHADESHIA H K D H.Austenite-ferrite transformation in enhanced niobium,low carbon steel[J].Materials Science&Technology,2015,31(9):1066-1076.
[24]MISRA R D K,BALASUBRAMANIAN T V,RAO P R.AESanalysis of fracture toughness variation with heat treatment in an 18Ni(250 grade)maraging steel[J].Journal of Materials Science Letters,1987,6(2):125-130.
[25]XIE Z J,MA X P,SHANG C J,et al.Nano-sized precipitation and properties of a low carbon niobium micro-alloyed bainitic steel[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2015,641:37-44.
[26]CHEN C Y,CHEN C C,YANG J R,et al.Microstructure characterization of nanometer carbides heterogeneous precipitation in Ti-Nb and Ti-Nb-Mo steel[J].Materials Characterization,2014,88(11):69-79.
[27]DUTTA B,PALMIERE E J,SELLARS C M,et al.Modelling the kinetics of strain induced precipitation in Nb microalloyed steels[J].Acta Materialia,2001,49(5):785-794.
[28]BHADESHIA H K D H.Diffusional and displacive transformations[J].Scripta Metallurgica,1987,21(8):1017-1022.
[29]MISRA R D K,NATHANI H,HARTMANN J E,et al.Microstructural evolution in a new 770 MPa hot rolled Nb-Ti microalloyed steel[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2005,394(1):339-352.
[30]WANG X M,ZHAO H,SHANG C J,et al.The microstructure and properties of high performance steels with low yield-to-tensile ratio[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2013,577(S1):678-683.
[31]JHA G,DAS S,SINHA S,et al.Design and development of precipitate strengthened advanced high strength steel for automotive application[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2013,561(3):394-402.
[32]张可,李昭东,隋凤利,等.冷却速率对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变及力学性能的影响[J].金属学报,2018,54(1):31-38.
[33]PAVLINA E J,TYNE C J V,et al.Correlation of yield strength and tensile strength with hardness for steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2008,17(6):888-893.
[34]WANG J F,LI G Q,XIAO A D,et al.A bainite-ferrite multiphase steel strengthened by Ti-microalloying[J].Materials Transactions,2011,52(11):2027-2031.
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