天津港大雾天气气候特征分析
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摘要
利用1980—2017年气候资料,结合区域自动站观测资料,对天津沿海地区大雾天气气候变化规律进行分析。结果表明:近年来大雾发生频次呈北多南少的分布特征,大雾天气日数呈减少趋势,但时数呈上升趋势,反映出连续性大雾或长生命史大雾天气这种极端天气事件的频率有所增加。雾的日变化特征呈单峰类型,峰值集中在早晨06:00～08:00,且各季有所不同,春秋季集中在早上06:00～07:00,夏季较早,集中在04:00～06:00,冬季稍晚,集中在07:00～08:00,午后14:00～19:00为少雾时段。各强度雾中,大雾频次最多,年平均5.2 d,其次为强浓雾年平均4.4 d,浓雾和特强浓雾频次较少;持续时长为6～12 h的雾出现频次最多,占28.7%,其次是时长为0～3 h的雾,占27.8%。
Using the climatic data from 1980 to 2017, combined with the observation data of regional automatic stations, the pattern of climate change of heavy fog in Tianjin coastal area is analyzed. The results show that the frequency of occurrence of heavy fog in north part of Tianjin Port is more than that in south part in recent years. Days of heavy fog are decreasing, but the hours are increasing, reflecting the frequency of extreme weather events such as the continuous heavy fog or long life heavy fog has increased. The daily variation of fog is characterized by a single peak type, and the peak is concentrated in the morning from 06:00 to 08:00. It is different for every season. In spring and autumn, the peak is concentrated in the morning from 06:00 to 07:00, and in summer, the peak is earlier concentrated from 04:00 to 06:00, and in winter, the peak is later concentrated from 07:00 to 08:00. From 14:00 to 19:00, it is a period of less fog. Among various intensity of fog, the heavy fog is the most frequent, with an average of 5.2 days per year, followed by an average of 4.4 days per year for strong fog, and less frequent for dense fog and extra strong fog. Fog with a duration from 6 h to 12 h appeared most frequently, accounting for 28.7%, followed by fog with a duration from 0 to 3 h, accounting for 27.8%.
Using the climatic data from 1980 to 2017, combined with the observation data of regional automatic stations, the pattern of climate change of heavy fog in Tianjin coastal area is analyzed. The results show that the frequency of occurrence of heavy fog in north part of Tianjin Port is more than that in south part in recent years. Days of heavy fog are decreasing, but the hours are increasing, reflecting the frequency of extreme weather events such as the continuous heavy fog or long life heavy fog has increased. The daily variation of fog is characterized by a single peak type, and the peak is concentrated in the morning from 06:00 to 08:00. It is different for every season. In spring and autumn, the peak is concentrated in the morning from 06:00 to 07:00, and in summer, the peak is earlier concentrated from 04:00 to 06:00, and in winter, the peak is later concentrated from 07:00 to 08:00. From 14:00 to 19:00, it is a period of less fog. Among various intensity of fog, the heavy fog is the most frequent, with an average of 5.2 days per year, followed by an average of 4.4 days per year for strong fog, and less frequent for dense fog and extra strong fog. Fog with a duration from 6 h to 12 h appeared most frequently, accounting for 28.7%, followed by fog with a duration from 0 to 3 h, accounting for 27.8%.
引文
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