机械合金化结合热压制备不同Si含量硅铝合金的摩擦磨损性能
|
摘要
通过机械合金化结合热压致密化的工艺制备Al-30Si、Al-40Si、Al-50Si 3种成分的高硅铝合金,采用金相、SEM、EDS、压缩实验、摩擦磨损试验等对合金的组织、抗压强度及摩擦磨损性能等进行研究。结果表明:合金显微组织中呈现Al相富集区、Si相富集区和铝硅混合区3种区域,且合金中Si颗粒细小,没有明显长大的现象。合金的抗压强度随Si含量的增加先升高后降低。Al-40Si合金具有最佳的耐磨性和减摩性,其磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损和氧化磨损。除磨粒磨损外,Al-30Si合金磨损初期存在粘着磨损,后期则以氧化磨损为主,而Al-50Si则存在较严重的剥层磨损。
Three kinds of high-silicon aluminum alloys(Al-30Si, Al-40Si and Al-50Si) were fabricated by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The microstructures, compressive strengths and wear-friction properties of the alloys were investigated by metalloscope, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS), compression tests and friction-wear tests. The results show that the microstructure of the alloys contains Al-rich region, Si-rich region and Al-Si mixed region, and the ultrafine Si particles in the matrix do not grow up obviously after the hot pressing process. The compressive strength of the alloys increases firstly and then decreases with increasing Si content. Al-40Si has the lowest mass loss and friction coefficient, its wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear and oxidation wear. Besides abrasive wear, the wear mechanism of Al-30Si alloy contents adhesive wear at the beginning and then following oxidative wear, while Al-50Si alloy contents distinctly desquamation wear.
Three kinds of high-silicon aluminum alloys(Al-30Si, Al-40Si and Al-50Si) were fabricated by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The microstructures, compressive strengths and wear-friction properties of the alloys were investigated by metalloscope, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS), compression tests and friction-wear tests. The results show that the microstructure of the alloys contains Al-rich region, Si-rich region and Al-Si mixed region, and the ultrafine Si particles in the matrix do not grow up obviously after the hot pressing process. The compressive strength of the alloys increases firstly and then decreases with increasing Si content. Al-40Si has the lowest mass loss and friction coefficient, its wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear and oxidation wear. Besides abrasive wear, the wear mechanism of Al-30Si alloy contents adhesive wear at the beginning and then following oxidative wear, while Al-50Si alloy contents distinctly desquamation wear.
引文
[1]MOFFAT A J,BARNES S,MELLOR B G,et a1.The effect of silicon content on long crack fatigue behaviour of aluminiumsilicon piston alloys at elevated temperature[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2005,27:1564 1570.
[2]YEH J W,YUAN S,PENG C H.A reciprocating extrusion process for producing hypereutectic Al-20wt%Si wrought alloys[J].Mater Sci Eng A,1998,252:212 221.
[3]ZHANG R,CAO Q F,PANG S X,et al.Dissolution kinetics of primary silicon in hypereutectic Al-Si melt[J].Science and Technology of Advanced Materials,2001,(2):3 5.
[4]杨伏良,甘卫平,陈招科.高硅铝合金几种常见制备方法及其细化机理[J].材料导报,2005,19(5):42 49.YANG Fu-liang,GAN Wei-ping,CHEN Zhao-ke.A few preparation methods and their delication mechanism for high-silicon aluminum alloy[J].Materials Review,2005,19(5):42 49.
[5]JEONG H G,YOON D J,KIM E Z,et a1.The influence by hydrostatic extrusion on the microstructure and extrudability of the IM processed hypereutectic Ai-Si-X alloys[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,130/131:438 443.
[6]俞佳,姚继蓬,郦剑.快速凝固/粉末冶金高硅铝合金的研究进展[J].Heat Treatment technology and equipment,2008,29(2):4 7.YU Jia,YAO Ji-peng,LI Jian.A review on the research progress of high Si-Al alloys by rapid solidification/powder metallurgical technology[J].Heat Treatment technology and equipment,2008,29(2):4 7.
[7]JACOBIN D M,OGILVY A J W.Spray-deposited Al-Si(osprey CE)alloys and their properties[J].Material Wissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,2003,34(4):381 384.
[8]傅定发,任胜钢,陈振华.多层喷射沉积过共晶A1-Si-Cu-Mg合金的微观组织及力学性能[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(5):445 447.FU Ding-fa,REN Sheng-gang,CHEN Zhen-hua.Microstructures and mechanical properties of a hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy by multi-layer spray deposition[J].J Cent South Univ Technol,2000,3l(5):445 447.
[9]KIM W J,YEON J H,LEE J C.Superplasfic deformation behavior of sprey-deposited hyper-entectic Al-25Si alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2000,308:237 243.
[10]甄子胜,赵爱民,毛卫民,等.喷射沉积高硅铝合金显微组织及形成机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2000,10(6):815 817.ZHEN Zi-sheng,ZHAO Ai-min,MAO Wei-min,et a1.Microstructure and formation mechanism of spray deposited hypereutectic Al-Si alloys[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2000,10(6):815 817.
[11]廖文俊,祁红璋,严彪.喷射成形高硅铝合金及其在导电材料方面的应用[J].金属功能材料,2010,17(5):75 80.LIAO Wen-jun,QI Hong-zhang,YAN Biao.Spray formed aluminium-silicon alloys and their application in conducting materials[J].Metallic Functional Materials,2010,17(5):75 80.
[12]赵爱民,甄子胜,毛卫民,等.喷射沉积高硅铝合金的半固态触变成形[J].中国有色金属学报,2000,10(SI):126 131.ZAO Ai-min,ZHEN Zi-sheng,MAO Wei-min,et a1.Semi-solid thixoforming of spray formed high silicon hypereutectic Al-Si alloy[J].The Chinese Joumal of NonferrousMetals,2000,10(S1):126 131.
[13]GAN Gui-sheng,ZHANG Lei,BEI Shu-yu,et al.Effect of TiB2addition on microstructure of sprey-formed Si-30Al composite[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2011,21:2242 2247.
[14]陈跃,沈百令,张永振,等.SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料/半金属材料干摩擦磨损特性[J].复合材料学报,2002,19(3):56 60.CHEN Yue,SHEN Bai-ling,ZHANG Yong-zhen,et a1.Dry sliding tribological characteristics of SiC particle-reinforced aluminum composites against semi-metallic frictional material[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2002,19(3):56 60.
[15]张家驷.摩擦磨损机理现代概念及磨损计算探讨[J].润滑与密封,2001,(5):80.ZHANG Jia-si.Discussion of the modern concepts of friction and wear mechanism and wear calculation[J].Lubrication Engineering,2001,(5):80.
[16]李静,蔡元兴,林晓娟,等.Al含量对Fe3Al金属间化合物耐磨性的影响[J].金属热处理,2007,32(2):23 26.LI Jing,CAI Yuan-xing,LIN Xiao-juan,et al.Effect of Al contents on wear properties of Fe3Al intermetallics[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2007,32(2):23 26.
[2]YEH J W,YUAN S,PENG C H.A reciprocating extrusion process for producing hypereutectic Al-20wt%Si wrought alloys[J].Mater Sci Eng A,1998,252:212 221.
[3]ZHANG R,CAO Q F,PANG S X,et al.Dissolution kinetics of primary silicon in hypereutectic Al-Si melt[J].Science and Technology of Advanced Materials,2001,(2):3 5.
[4]杨伏良,甘卫平,陈招科.高硅铝合金几种常见制备方法及其细化机理[J].材料导报,2005,19(5):42 49.YANG Fu-liang,GAN Wei-ping,CHEN Zhao-ke.A few preparation methods and their delication mechanism for high-silicon aluminum alloy[J].Materials Review,2005,19(5):42 49.
[5]JEONG H G,YOON D J,KIM E Z,et a1.The influence by hydrostatic extrusion on the microstructure and extrudability of the IM processed hypereutectic Ai-Si-X alloys[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,130/131:438 443.
[6]俞佳,姚继蓬,郦剑.快速凝固/粉末冶金高硅铝合金的研究进展[J].Heat Treatment technology and equipment,2008,29(2):4 7.YU Jia,YAO Ji-peng,LI Jian.A review on the research progress of high Si-Al alloys by rapid solidification/powder metallurgical technology[J].Heat Treatment technology and equipment,2008,29(2):4 7.
[7]JACOBIN D M,OGILVY A J W.Spray-deposited Al-Si(osprey CE)alloys and their properties[J].Material Wissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,2003,34(4):381 384.
[8]傅定发,任胜钢,陈振华.多层喷射沉积过共晶A1-Si-Cu-Mg合金的微观组织及力学性能[J].中南工业大学学报,2000,31(5):445 447.FU Ding-fa,REN Sheng-gang,CHEN Zhen-hua.Microstructures and mechanical properties of a hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy by multi-layer spray deposition[J].J Cent South Univ Technol,2000,3l(5):445 447.
[9]KIM W J,YEON J H,LEE J C.Superplasfic deformation behavior of sprey-deposited hyper-entectic Al-25Si alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2000,308:237 243.
[10]甄子胜,赵爱民,毛卫民,等.喷射沉积高硅铝合金显微组织及形成机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2000,10(6):815 817.ZHEN Zi-sheng,ZHAO Ai-min,MAO Wei-min,et a1.Microstructure and formation mechanism of spray deposited hypereutectic Al-Si alloys[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2000,10(6):815 817.
[11]廖文俊,祁红璋,严彪.喷射成形高硅铝合金及其在导电材料方面的应用[J].金属功能材料,2010,17(5):75 80.LIAO Wen-jun,QI Hong-zhang,YAN Biao.Spray formed aluminium-silicon alloys and their application in conducting materials[J].Metallic Functional Materials,2010,17(5):75 80.
[12]赵爱民,甄子胜,毛卫民,等.喷射沉积高硅铝合金的半固态触变成形[J].中国有色金属学报,2000,10(SI):126 131.ZAO Ai-min,ZHEN Zi-sheng,MAO Wei-min,et a1.Semi-solid thixoforming of spray formed high silicon hypereutectic Al-Si alloy[J].The Chinese Joumal of NonferrousMetals,2000,10(S1):126 131.
[13]GAN Gui-sheng,ZHANG Lei,BEI Shu-yu,et al.Effect of TiB2addition on microstructure of sprey-formed Si-30Al composite[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2011,21:2242 2247.
[14]陈跃,沈百令,张永振,等.SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料/半金属材料干摩擦磨损特性[J].复合材料学报,2002,19(3):56 60.CHEN Yue,SHEN Bai-ling,ZHANG Yong-zhen,et a1.Dry sliding tribological characteristics of SiC particle-reinforced aluminum composites against semi-metallic frictional material[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2002,19(3):56 60.
[15]张家驷.摩擦磨损机理现代概念及磨损计算探讨[J].润滑与密封,2001,(5):80.ZHANG Jia-si.Discussion of the modern concepts of friction and wear mechanism and wear calculation[J].Lubrication Engineering,2001,(5):80.
[16]李静,蔡元兴,林晓娟,等.Al含量对Fe3Al金属间化合物耐磨性的影响[J].金属热处理,2007,32(2):23 26.LI Jing,CAI Yuan-xing,LIN Xiao-juan,et al.Effect of Al contents on wear properties of Fe3Al intermetallics[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2007,32(2):23 26.