基于多尺度模型的立体车库车辆撞击性能研究
|
摘要
为了研究立体车库在车辆撞击下的性能,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件分别建立立体车库多尺度和精细化有限元模型,对比了两种模型的计算精度和效率,验证了多尺度模型的适用性.基于多尺度模型,对立体车库在撞击作用下的动力响应进行了分析,且研究了撞击速度、撞击质量、撞击位置和上部工况等参数的变化对结构动力响应的影响,进而对撞击力进行了研究,并将撞击力结果与中国规范、美国规范和欧洲规范进行了比较.研究结果表明:车辆对立体车库的撞击作用具有局部性;撞击速度和撞击质量对结构的动力响应影响较大,撞击位置与上部工况对其影响较小;撞击速度的变化对撞击力的影响最为明显,但当撞击作用导致被撞柱失效后,撞击力峰值不再随撞击速度和撞击质量的增加而改变;针对车辆撞击钢结构立体车库,中国规范和欧洲规范中对汽车撞击力的取值略显不安全,而美国规范中对汽车撞击力的取值较为安全.
To study the dynamic responses of a tridimensional parking structure subjected to vehicle impact, a multi-scale and refined finite element models of the tridimensional parking structure were established based on AN-SYS/LS-DYNA finite element software. The accuracy and efficiency of these two models were compared, and the ap-plicability of the multi-scale model was verified. Based on the multi-scale model, the dynamic responses of the tridimensional parking structures were examined, and the influences of various factors, such as the impact velocity,vehicle mass, impact position, and working condition were investigated. Additionally, the impact force was studied and compared with the allowances given in Chinese code, American code, and European code. The results indicate that the vehicle impact has a local effect on the tridimensional garage; the impact velocity and vehicle mass have a great influence on the dynamic responses of the tridimensional garage, while the impact position and working condition present no obvious effect; the impact velocity has a greater influence on the impact force. However, when the impacted column is failed, the peak value of the impact force would not change with the increase of the impact velocity and vehicle mass; for the tridimensional parking structure subjected to vehicle impact, the values of the impact force given in Chinese code and Europe code are not reliable in some cases, but the value given in American code is safe.
To study the dynamic responses of a tridimensional parking structure subjected to vehicle impact, a multi-scale and refined finite element models of the tridimensional parking structure were established based on AN-SYS/LS-DYNA finite element software. The accuracy and efficiency of these two models were compared, and the ap-plicability of the multi-scale model was verified. Based on the multi-scale model, the dynamic responses of the tridimensional parking structures were examined, and the influences of various factors, such as the impact velocity,vehicle mass, impact position, and working condition were investigated. Additionally, the impact force was studied and compared with the allowances given in Chinese code, American code, and European code. The results indicate that the vehicle impact has a local effect on the tridimensional garage; the impact velocity and vehicle mass have a great influence on the dynamic responses of the tridimensional garage, while the impact position and working condition present no obvious effect; the impact velocity has a greater influence on the impact force. However, when the impacted column is failed, the peak value of the impact force would not change with the increase of the impact velocity and vehicle mass; for the tridimensional parking structure subjected to vehicle impact, the values of the impact force given in Chinese code and Europe code are not reliable in some cases, but the value given in American code is safe.
引文
[1]贺拥军,杨承超,周绪红,等.立体车库的结构形式及应用与发展[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(4):30—34.HE Y J,YANG C C,ZHOU X H,et al. Structural forms,application and development of three-dimensional garages[J]. Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2009,26(4):30—34.(In Chinese)
[2]贺拥军,周绪红,何佳琦.隔层桁架式立体停车结构地震倒塌易损性分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(4):10—15.HE Y J,ZHOU X H,HE J Q. Seismic collapse fragility analysis of the 3D parking structure with alternation story-height truss lateralload-resisting system[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2014,41(4):10—15.(In Chinese)
[3]贺拥军,刘小华,周绪红.仿竹型筒式立体停车结构的环箍层布置研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(4):1—7.HE Y J,LIU X H,ZHOU X H. Research on arrangement of hooplayers of imitating bamboo drum type tridimensional parking structure[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2013,40(4):1—7.(In Chinese)
[4]贺拥军,龚子彻,周绪红.立体停车结构抗震性能及水平阻尼支撑参数优化[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(1):37—43.HE Y J,GONG Z C,ZHOU X H. Seismic performance of tridimensional parking structure and parameter optimization of horizontal damping support[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2018,45(1):37—43.(In Chinese)
[5]田力,杜彬.钢筋混凝土柱在汽车撞击作用下的性能研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2015,31(1):1—10.TIAN L,DU B. Research on performances of reinforced concrete column under vehicle impact[J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2015,31(1):1—10.(In Chinese)
[6] El-TAWIL S,SEVERINO E,FONSECA P. Vehicle collision with bridge piers[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering,2005,10(3):345—353.
[7]肖岩,陈林,肖果,等.防撞柱实车碰撞性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(11):1—6.XIAO Y,CHEN L,XIAO G,et al. Tests for anti-ram bollards based on truck collision[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(11):1—6.(In Chinese)
[8] LIU X J,YANG J K,LAVSUND P. A study of influences of vehicle speed and front structure on pedestrian impact responses using mathematical models[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention,2002,3(1):31—42.
[9] TSANG H H,LAM N. Collapse of reinforced concrete column by vehicle impact[J]. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2008,23(6):427—436.
[10]余敏.不同类型的柱子在汽车撞击作用下的性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院,2007.YU M. Research on the capacity of different columns crashed by different types of cars[D]. Harbin:Shenzhen Graduate School,Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.(In Chinese)
[11]程小卫,李易,陆新征,等.撞击荷载下钢筋混凝土柱动力响应的数值研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(2):53—62.CHENG X W,LI Y,LU X Z,et al. Numerical investigation on dynamic response of reinforced concrete columns subjected to impact loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(2):53—62.(In Chinese)
[12]霍静思,张晋清,陈柏生,等.冲击荷载作用下热轧H型钢梁力学性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(12):242—249.HUO J S,ZHANG J Q,CHEN B S,et al. Dynamic behaviors of hotrolled steel beams under drop weight impact loading[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(12):242—249.(In Chinese)
[13] LI Z X,CHAN H T,YU Y,et al. Concurrent multi-scale modeling of civil infrastructures for analyses on structural deterioration part I:modeling methodology and strategy[J]. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2009,45(11):782—794.
[14]OSKAY C,FISH J. Multi-scale modeling of fatigue for ductile materials[J]. International Journal of Multi-scale Computational Engineering,2004,2(3):1—30.
[15]陆兴锋,田石柱,蔡新江.多尺度混合试验的单元选取及界面连接方法[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2013,35(5):19—23,41.LU X F,TIAN S Z,CAI X J. Elements selection and boundary coordination methods of multi-scale hybrid simulation[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2013,35(5):19—23,41.(In Chinese)
[16]王新敏. ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M]. 5版.北京:人民交通出版社,2012:394—401.WANG X M. Numerical analysis of ANSYS engineering structure[M]. 5th ed.Beijing:China Communications Press,2012:394—401.
[17]白中浩,曹立波,乐中耀.数字滤波技术在汽车碰撞试验中的应用研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(2):13—16.BAI Z H,CAO L B,YUE Z Y. Research on the application of digital filter technology in auto crash test[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2005,32(2):13—16.(In Chinese)
[18]SAE—J211 Instrumentation for impact test[S]. Warrendale:Society of Automotive Engineers International,2007:7—9.
[19]JTG D60—2015公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015:35-37.JTG D60—2015 General code for design of highway bridges and culverts[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2015:35—37.(In Chinese)
[20]TB 10002.1—2005铁路桥涵设计基本规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005:30—31.TB 10002.1—2005 Fundamental code for design on railway bridge and culvert[S]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2005:30—31.(In Chinese)
[21]BS EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1:actions on structures-part 1-1:gen eral action-accidental actions[S]. Brussels:European Committee for Standardization,2006:53—55.
[22]AASHTO LRFD. AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications[S].Washington DC:American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,2007:30—31.
[2]贺拥军,周绪红,何佳琦.隔层桁架式立体停车结构地震倒塌易损性分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(4):10—15.HE Y J,ZHOU X H,HE J Q. Seismic collapse fragility analysis of the 3D parking structure with alternation story-height truss lateralload-resisting system[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2014,41(4):10—15.(In Chinese)
[3]贺拥军,刘小华,周绪红.仿竹型筒式立体停车结构的环箍层布置研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(4):1—7.HE Y J,LIU X H,ZHOU X H. Research on arrangement of hooplayers of imitating bamboo drum type tridimensional parking structure[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2013,40(4):1—7.(In Chinese)
[4]贺拥军,龚子彻,周绪红.立体停车结构抗震性能及水平阻尼支撑参数优化[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(1):37—43.HE Y J,GONG Z C,ZHOU X H. Seismic performance of tridimensional parking structure and parameter optimization of horizontal damping support[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2018,45(1):37—43.(In Chinese)
[5]田力,杜彬.钢筋混凝土柱在汽车撞击作用下的性能研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2015,31(1):1—10.TIAN L,DU B. Research on performances of reinforced concrete column under vehicle impact[J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2015,31(1):1—10.(In Chinese)
[6] El-TAWIL S,SEVERINO E,FONSECA P. Vehicle collision with bridge piers[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering,2005,10(3):345—353.
[7]肖岩,陈林,肖果,等.防撞柱实车碰撞性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(11):1—6.XIAO Y,CHEN L,XIAO G,et al. Tests for anti-ram bollards based on truck collision[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(11):1—6.(In Chinese)
[8] LIU X J,YANG J K,LAVSUND P. A study of influences of vehicle speed and front structure on pedestrian impact responses using mathematical models[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention,2002,3(1):31—42.
[9] TSANG H H,LAM N. Collapse of reinforced concrete column by vehicle impact[J]. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2008,23(6):427—436.
[10]余敏.不同类型的柱子在汽车撞击作用下的性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院,2007.YU M. Research on the capacity of different columns crashed by different types of cars[D]. Harbin:Shenzhen Graduate School,Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.(In Chinese)
[11]程小卫,李易,陆新征,等.撞击荷载下钢筋混凝土柱动力响应的数值研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(2):53—62.CHENG X W,LI Y,LU X Z,et al. Numerical investigation on dynamic response of reinforced concrete columns subjected to impact loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(2):53—62.(In Chinese)
[12]霍静思,张晋清,陈柏生,等.冲击荷载作用下热轧H型钢梁力学性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(12):242—249.HUO J S,ZHANG J Q,CHEN B S,et al. Dynamic behaviors of hotrolled steel beams under drop weight impact loading[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(12):242—249.(In Chinese)
[13] LI Z X,CHAN H T,YU Y,et al. Concurrent multi-scale modeling of civil infrastructures for analyses on structural deterioration part I:modeling methodology and strategy[J]. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2009,45(11):782—794.
[14]OSKAY C,FISH J. Multi-scale modeling of fatigue for ductile materials[J]. International Journal of Multi-scale Computational Engineering,2004,2(3):1—30.
[15]陆兴锋,田石柱,蔡新江.多尺度混合试验的单元选取及界面连接方法[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2013,35(5):19—23,41.LU X F,TIAN S Z,CAI X J. Elements selection and boundary coordination methods of multi-scale hybrid simulation[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2013,35(5):19—23,41.(In Chinese)
[16]王新敏. ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M]. 5版.北京:人民交通出版社,2012:394—401.WANG X M. Numerical analysis of ANSYS engineering structure[M]. 5th ed.Beijing:China Communications Press,2012:394—401.
[17]白中浩,曹立波,乐中耀.数字滤波技术在汽车碰撞试验中的应用研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2005,32(2):13—16.BAI Z H,CAO L B,YUE Z Y. Research on the application of digital filter technology in auto crash test[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2005,32(2):13—16.(In Chinese)
[18]SAE—J211 Instrumentation for impact test[S]. Warrendale:Society of Automotive Engineers International,2007:7—9.
[19]JTG D60—2015公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2015:35-37.JTG D60—2015 General code for design of highway bridges and culverts[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2015:35—37.(In Chinese)
[20]TB 10002.1—2005铁路桥涵设计基本规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005:30—31.TB 10002.1—2005 Fundamental code for design on railway bridge and culvert[S]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2005:30—31.(In Chinese)
[21]BS EN 1991-1-7 Eurocode 1:actions on structures-part 1-1:gen eral action-accidental actions[S]. Brussels:European Committee for Standardization,2006:53—55.
[22]AASHTO LRFD. AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications[S].Washington DC:American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,2007:30—31.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |