豫北安阳李家庵地区地温负异常特征及其成因探讨
|
摘要
一些学者曾围绕安阳的地温场、地热资源进行了研究,但有关地温梯度负异常却鲜有人报道,笔者发现安阳龙安李家庵地区地温梯度平均值仅为0.761 3℃/hm,与已报道的地温梯度正常范围相比明显偏低。通过对影响地温梯度的地层岩性、地下水循环、区域构造等因素进行分析和研究,研究表明,研究区地层中砂岩、粉砂岩占比较大,砂岩因具有传热系数高、导热性强、传热速度快、不利于地温的封盖保存的特点,是导致研究区地温值偏低、地温梯度较小的主要原因,并且宏观控制着研究区地温场的分布。同时,研究区较强的地下径流条件及冷水流下渗加剧了热流的运移扩散,导致地温负异常。另外,研究区位于单斜构造边缘,断裂、岩溶系统发育,导致地下水运动强烈,并引起热量散失,也是导致地温负异常的重要因素。
Some scholars had studied the geothermal field and geothermal resources in Anyang,but the negative anomaly of geothermal gradient was seldom reported.It found that the average geothermal gradient was only 0.761 3 ℃/hm in Lijiaan Longan district of Anyang city,which was on the low level obviously comparing with the reported normal range of geothermal gradient.By analyzing the characteristics such as geotectonics,groundwater circulation,stratigraphic lithology,etc,which affected the geothermal gradient,it showed as follows:the proportion of sandstone and siltstone was large.The sandstone formation had high heat transfer coefficient,strong thermal conductivity and high heat transfer speed,which was not conducive to the preservation of geothermal sealing,which was the main reason for low geothermal and geothermal gradient in the study area.Strong subsurface runoff and cold water seepage aggravate the heat flow migration and diffusion,which had a great influence on the geothermal field.Besides the tectonic feature at the limb of the monoclinal structure was also one of the factors affecting the geothermal gradient.
Some scholars had studied the geothermal field and geothermal resources in Anyang,but the negative anomaly of geothermal gradient was seldom reported.It found that the average geothermal gradient was only 0.761 3 ℃/hm in Lijiaan Longan district of Anyang city,which was on the low level obviously comparing with the reported normal range of geothermal gradient.By analyzing the characteristics such as geotectonics,groundwater circulation,stratigraphic lithology,etc,which affected the geothermal gradient,it showed as follows:the proportion of sandstone and siltstone was large.The sandstone formation had high heat transfer coefficient,strong thermal conductivity and high heat transfer speed,which was not conducive to the preservation of geothermal sealing,which was the main reason for low geothermal and geothermal gradient in the study area.Strong subsurface runoff and cold water seepage aggravate the heat flow migration and diffusion,which had a great influence on the geothermal field.Besides the tectonic feature at the limb of the monoclinal structure was also one of the factors affecting the geothermal gradient.
引文
[1] 连霏霏.安阳市东区地热资源开发的隐患[J].地下水,2013,35(6):85-86.Lian Feifei.The potential danger of geothermal resources exploitation in the east district of Anyang[J].Ground Water,2013,35(6):85-86.
[2] 柴智,张振邦.安阳市地热资源开发利用研究[J].安阳师范学院学报,2003(2):67-68.Chai Zhi,Zhang Zhenbang.Study on exploration of geothermal resources in Anyang[J].Journal of Anyang Normal University,2003(2):67-68
[3] 王振生,张振邦,李玉芹.安阳市地热资源勘查开发浅析[J].西部探矿工程,2006(3):126-127.Wang Zhengsheng,Zhang Zhenbang,Li Yuqin.Exploration and development analysis of geothermal resources in Anyang[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006(3):126-127.
[4] 王举,唐立晶,王佰友,等板石区地温异常分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005(S2):7-9.Wang Ju,Tang Lijing,Wang Baiyou,et al.Analysis of geothermal anomalies in Banshi[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2005(S2):7-9.
[5] 卢玲玲,秦勇,郭晨.黔西补作勘探区现代地温场及煤层受热温度分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2013,25(10):12-17.Lu Lingling,Qin Yong,Guo Chen.Modern geothermal field and coal seam heating temperature in Buzuo exploration area,Western Guizhou[J].Coal Geology of China,2013,25(10):12-17.
[6] 吴庆炳.影响岔河井田地温的地质因素探讨[J].资源信息与工程,2016,31(3):43-44.Wu Qingbing.Discussion on the geological factors affecting the geothermal temperature in Chahe[J].Resources Information and Engineering,2017,41(Z1):8-16.
[7] 彭涛,任自强,吴基文,等.潘集矿区深部现今地温场特征及其构造控制[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(1):157-164.Peng Tao,Ren Ziqiang,Wu Jiwen,et al.Distribution characteristics of the present-day geothermal field and its structural controls in deep part of Panji mining area[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2017,23(1):157-164.
[8] 陈墨香,夏斯高,杨淑贞.雷州半岛局部地热异常及其形成机制[J].地质科学,1991(4):369-383.Chen Moxiang,Xia Sigao,Yang Shuzhen.The geothermal anomaly and its forming mechanism in Leizhou peninsula[J].Scientia Geological Sinica,1991(4):369-383.
[9] 翁荔玉.地下水运移对矿井地温场的影响[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2016.
[10] 郭仁炳.库车坳陷地温的状况和特点[J].中国西部油气地质,2006(1):50-55.Guo Renbing.Situation and character of geothermal in Kuqa depression[J].West China Petroleum Geosciences,2006(1):50-55.
[11] 冯亿年,吴青松,柳西亚,等.新生界地温梯度计算影响因素分析[J].资源导刊·地球科技版,2015(3):19-20.Feng Yinian,Wu Qiongsong,Liu Xiya,et al.Analysis on the Influence Factors for Cenozoic Geothermal Gradient Calculation[J].Resources Tribune(Earth Science),2015(3):19-20.
[12] 孙占学,张文,胡宝群,等.沁水盆地地温场特征及其与煤层气分布关系[J].科学通报,2005,50(增1):93-98.Sun Zhanxue,Zhang Wen,Hu Baojun,et al.Characteristics of Geothermal field in Qinshui basin and its relationship with coalbed methane distribution[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(S1):93-98.
[13] 杨昌永,田庆玲,郝春生,等.寺家庄井田地温负异常及其主控因素研究(英文)[J].山西焦煤科技,2017,41(Z1):8-16.Yang Changyong,Tian Qingling,Hao Chunsheng,et al.Study on geothermal negative anomaly and its main controlling factors in Sijiazhuang Mining[J].Shanxi Coking Coal Science & Technology,2017,41(Z1):8-16.
[14] 李洁刚,邓晓颖,王利,等.河南省鹤壁市地热地质特征及开发前景[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2005,26(2):58-60.Li Gangjie,Deng Xiaoying,Wang Li,et al.Geological characteristics of Geothermal and development prospect in Hebi Henan Province[J].Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2005,26(2):58-60.
[15] 曹瑜,邹声华,韩巧云.三都矿区地温分布规律[J].矿业工程研究,2015,30(3):71-75.Cao Yu,Zou Shenghua,Han Qiaoyun.Research on geothermal distribution of Sandu coalfield[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2015,30(3):71-75.
[16] 张富有.南阳盆地地温梯度与大气热流值特征[J].地下水,2016,38(4):1-2.Zhang Fuyou.Geothermal gradient and heat flow characteristics of Nanyang basin[J].Ground Water,2016,38(4):1-2.
[17] 刘海风,王春晖,梅鹏里,等.河南省城市浅层地温场特征及影响因素分析[J].城市地质,2017,12(4):61-66.Liu Haifeng,Wang Chunhui,Mei Pengli,et al.Characteristics of Shallow geothermal field and Analysis of Influencing factors in Henan Province[J].City Geology,2017,12(4):61-66.
[18] 张黎,霍永盛.浅析安阳大众煤矿水文地质特征及充水因素[J].地下水,2010,32(4):165-168.Zhang Li,Huo Yongsheng.Analysis of hydrogeological characteristics and water filling factors of Dazhong coal mine in Anyang[J].Ground Water,2010,32(4):165-168.
[19] 张发旺,王贵玲,侯新伟,等.地下水循环对围岩温度场的影响及地热资源形成分析——以平顶山矿区为例[J].地球学报,2000,21(2):142-153.Zhang Fawang,Wang Guiling,Hou Xinwei,et al.Influence of groundwater cycle on surrounding rock temperature field and formation of geothermal resources:taking Pingdingshan mining area as an example[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2000,21(2):142-153.
[20] 任自强,吴基文,张海潮,等.淮南矿区地下水对现今地温场的控制[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(7):193-195.Ren Ziqiang,Wu Jiwen,Zhang Haichao,et al.Control of groundwater on present geothermal field in Huainan mining[J].Safty in Coal Mines,2015,46(7):193-195.
[2] 柴智,张振邦.安阳市地热资源开发利用研究[J].安阳师范学院学报,2003(2):67-68.Chai Zhi,Zhang Zhenbang.Study on exploration of geothermal resources in Anyang[J].Journal of Anyang Normal University,2003(2):67-68
[3] 王振生,张振邦,李玉芹.安阳市地热资源勘查开发浅析[J].西部探矿工程,2006(3):126-127.Wang Zhengsheng,Zhang Zhenbang,Li Yuqin.Exploration and development analysis of geothermal resources in Anyang[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2006(3):126-127.
[4] 王举,唐立晶,王佰友,等板石区地温异常分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005(S2):7-9.Wang Ju,Tang Lijing,Wang Baiyou,et al.Analysis of geothermal anomalies in Banshi[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,2005(S2):7-9.
[5] 卢玲玲,秦勇,郭晨.黔西补作勘探区现代地温场及煤层受热温度分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2013,25(10):12-17.Lu Lingling,Qin Yong,Guo Chen.Modern geothermal field and coal seam heating temperature in Buzuo exploration area,Western Guizhou[J].Coal Geology of China,2013,25(10):12-17.
[6] 吴庆炳.影响岔河井田地温的地质因素探讨[J].资源信息与工程,2016,31(3):43-44.Wu Qingbing.Discussion on the geological factors affecting the geothermal temperature in Chahe[J].Resources Information and Engineering,2017,41(Z1):8-16.
[7] 彭涛,任自强,吴基文,等.潘集矿区深部现今地温场特征及其构造控制[J].高校地质学报,2017,23(1):157-164.Peng Tao,Ren Ziqiang,Wu Jiwen,et al.Distribution characteristics of the present-day geothermal field and its structural controls in deep part of Panji mining area[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2017,23(1):157-164.
[8] 陈墨香,夏斯高,杨淑贞.雷州半岛局部地热异常及其形成机制[J].地质科学,1991(4):369-383.Chen Moxiang,Xia Sigao,Yang Shuzhen.The geothermal anomaly and its forming mechanism in Leizhou peninsula[J].Scientia Geological Sinica,1991(4):369-383.
[9] 翁荔玉.地下水运移对矿井地温场的影响[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2016.
[10] 郭仁炳.库车坳陷地温的状况和特点[J].中国西部油气地质,2006(1):50-55.Guo Renbing.Situation and character of geothermal in Kuqa depression[J].West China Petroleum Geosciences,2006(1):50-55.
[11] 冯亿年,吴青松,柳西亚,等.新生界地温梯度计算影响因素分析[J].资源导刊·地球科技版,2015(3):19-20.Feng Yinian,Wu Qiongsong,Liu Xiya,et al.Analysis on the Influence Factors for Cenozoic Geothermal Gradient Calculation[J].Resources Tribune(Earth Science),2015(3):19-20.
[12] 孙占学,张文,胡宝群,等.沁水盆地地温场特征及其与煤层气分布关系[J].科学通报,2005,50(增1):93-98.Sun Zhanxue,Zhang Wen,Hu Baojun,et al.Characteristics of Geothermal field in Qinshui basin and its relationship with coalbed methane distribution[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(S1):93-98.
[13] 杨昌永,田庆玲,郝春生,等.寺家庄井田地温负异常及其主控因素研究(英文)[J].山西焦煤科技,2017,41(Z1):8-16.Yang Changyong,Tian Qingling,Hao Chunsheng,et al.Study on geothermal negative anomaly and its main controlling factors in Sijiazhuang Mining[J].Shanxi Coking Coal Science & Technology,2017,41(Z1):8-16.
[14] 李洁刚,邓晓颖,王利,等.河南省鹤壁市地热地质特征及开发前景[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2005,26(2):58-60.Li Gangjie,Deng Xiaoying,Wang Li,et al.Geological characteristics of Geothermal and development prospect in Hebi Henan Province[J].Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2005,26(2):58-60.
[15] 曹瑜,邹声华,韩巧云.三都矿区地温分布规律[J].矿业工程研究,2015,30(3):71-75.Cao Yu,Zou Shenghua,Han Qiaoyun.Research on geothermal distribution of Sandu coalfield[J].Mineral Engineering Research,2015,30(3):71-75.
[16] 张富有.南阳盆地地温梯度与大气热流值特征[J].地下水,2016,38(4):1-2.Zhang Fuyou.Geothermal gradient and heat flow characteristics of Nanyang basin[J].Ground Water,2016,38(4):1-2.
[17] 刘海风,王春晖,梅鹏里,等.河南省城市浅层地温场特征及影响因素分析[J].城市地质,2017,12(4):61-66.Liu Haifeng,Wang Chunhui,Mei Pengli,et al.Characteristics of Shallow geothermal field and Analysis of Influencing factors in Henan Province[J].City Geology,2017,12(4):61-66.
[18] 张黎,霍永盛.浅析安阳大众煤矿水文地质特征及充水因素[J].地下水,2010,32(4):165-168.Zhang Li,Huo Yongsheng.Analysis of hydrogeological characteristics and water filling factors of Dazhong coal mine in Anyang[J].Ground Water,2010,32(4):165-168.
[19] 张发旺,王贵玲,侯新伟,等.地下水循环对围岩温度场的影响及地热资源形成分析——以平顶山矿区为例[J].地球学报,2000,21(2):142-153.Zhang Fawang,Wang Guiling,Hou Xinwei,et al.Influence of groundwater cycle on surrounding rock temperature field and formation of geothermal resources:taking Pingdingshan mining area as an example[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2000,21(2):142-153.
[20] 任自强,吴基文,张海潮,等.淮南矿区地下水对现今地温场的控制[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(7):193-195.Ren Ziqiang,Wu Jiwen,Zhang Haichao,et al.Control of groundwater on present geothermal field in Huainan mining[J].Safty in Coal Mines,2015,46(7):193-195.