山西刺槐种质资源的叶片表型多样性分析
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摘要
为揭示早期山西吉县国家刺槐良种基地收集不同刺槐种质资源的叶片表型性状的多样性及挖掘其中优异的种质资源,从而提高优异刺槐种质资源保护及有效利用。以96份刺槐种质资源为研究材料,调查刺槐的4个复叶性状及7个小叶性状,通过分析变异系数、相关性、主成分和聚类研究其叶片表型的多样性。结果表明,11个性状的变异系数范围为7.521%～21.602%,均值为13.083%,多样性较丰富;复叶柄长与复叶长和复叶宽均呈极显著正相关,而小叶柄长与小叶长和小叶宽不存在显著相关;主成分分析中前4个成分的累计方差贡献率为79.582%,可以作为刺槐叶片性状选择的综合指标;聚类分析中,当平方欧式距离为10时,将所有材料分为6个类群,第Ⅲ类群在测定的4个复叶性状中为最优;在7个小叶性状指标中,第Ⅲ、Ⅵ类群的小叶长(LL)性状最优,第Ⅳ类群的小叶长/宽(LL/LW)和小叶柄角(PA)性状最优,第Ⅵ类群的小叶对数(LP)和小叶数量(LN)性状最优。以上结果对吉县宝贵的刺槐资源的保存和利用提供理论依据,同时也为日后刺槐叶片性状的改良和育种工作提供帮助。
To disclose the diversity of leaf phenotypic traits of different Robinia pseudoacacia L. germplasm resources and to explore the excellent germplasm resources, which were collected in the early stage from the national Robinia pseudoacacia fine variety bases in Ji County, Shanxi, and thus improve the protection and effective utilization of excellent Robinia pseudoacacia germplasm resources, in this study, 96 strains of Robinia pseudoacacia germplasm resources were used as materials, 4 compound leaf and 7 leaflet characters of black locust resources were investigated, and the diversity of leaf phenotype was studied by analyzing variance coefficient, correlation,principal components and clustering. The results showed that the variation coefficient of 11 leaf phenotypic traits ranged from 7.521% to 21.602%, and the average was 13.083%, with a rich diversity. There was an extremely significant positive correlation between compound petiole length(CPL) and compound leaf length(CLL), as well as compound leaf width(CLW). However, there was no significant correlation between leaflet petiole length(LPL) and leaflet length(LW), as well as leaflet width. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the first 4 principal components was 79.582% in principal components analysis, which could be used as a comprehensive index for the selection of leaf characters of black locust. In cluster analysis, when the squared euclidean distance was 10, the germplasm resources were divided into 6 groups. Group Ⅲ was optimal in 4 detected compound leaf traits. A mong the 7 leaflet characters, group Ⅲ and group Ⅵ were excellent in the leaflet length(LL), group Ⅳ was outstanding in leaflet length/width(LL/LW) and petiole angle(PA), and group Ⅵ was remarkable in leaflet pairs(LP)and leaflet numbers(LN). The above results could provide theoretical basis for the conservation and utilization of valuable Robinia pseudoacacia resources in Ji County, and also would be helpful for the improvement and breeding of leaf traits of Robinia pseudoacacia in the future.
To disclose the diversity of leaf phenotypic traits of different Robinia pseudoacacia L. germplasm resources and to explore the excellent germplasm resources, which were collected in the early stage from the national Robinia pseudoacacia fine variety bases in Ji County, Shanxi, and thus improve the protection and effective utilization of excellent Robinia pseudoacacia germplasm resources, in this study, 96 strains of Robinia pseudoacacia germplasm resources were used as materials, 4 compound leaf and 7 leaflet characters of black locust resources were investigated, and the diversity of leaf phenotype was studied by analyzing variance coefficient, correlation,principal components and clustering. The results showed that the variation coefficient of 11 leaf phenotypic traits ranged from 7.521% to 21.602%, and the average was 13.083%, with a rich diversity. There was an extremely significant positive correlation between compound petiole length(CPL) and compound leaf length(CLL), as well as compound leaf width(CLW). However, there was no significant correlation between leaflet petiole length(LPL) and leaflet length(LW), as well as leaflet width. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the first 4 principal components was 79.582% in principal components analysis, which could be used as a comprehensive index for the selection of leaf characters of black locust. In cluster analysis, when the squared euclidean distance was 10, the germplasm resources were divided into 6 groups. Group Ⅲ was optimal in 4 detected compound leaf traits. A mong the 7 leaflet characters, group Ⅲ and group Ⅵ were excellent in the leaflet length(LL), group Ⅳ was outstanding in leaflet length/width(LL/LW) and petiole angle(PA), and group Ⅵ was remarkable in leaflet pairs(LP)and leaflet numbers(LN). The above results could provide theoretical basis for the conservation and utilization of valuable Robinia pseudoacacia resources in Ji County, and also would be helpful for the improvement and breeding of leaf traits of Robinia pseudoacacia in the future.
引文
Batzli J.M.,Graves W.R.,and Berkum P.V.,1992,Diversity among rhizobia effective with Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Appl.Environ.Microbiol.,58(7):2137-2143
Dong C.G.,Wang J.,Zhou X.F.,Ma X.M.,Li S.X.,Yu Y.,and Li B.C.,2016,Evaluation on genetic diversity of cotton germplasm resources(Gossypium hirsutum L.)on morphological characters,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),17(3):438-446(董承光,王娟,周小凤,马晓梅,李生秀,余渝,李保成,2016,基于表型性状的陆地棉种质资源遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,17(3):438-446)
Feng Y.D.,2009,Studies of the collection,preservation and evaluation of Robinia Germplasm(Genetic),Thesis for M.S.,Henan Agricultural University,Supervisors:Yang Q.S.,and Zhu Y.L.,pp.40(冯屹东,2009,刺槐种质(基因)资源收集,保存及评价研究,硕士学位论文,河南农业大学,导师:杨秋生,朱延林,pp.40)
Hu J.B.,Ma S.W.,Li J.W.,Wang J.M.,Li Q.,and Wang L.Z.,2013,Genetic diversity of foreign melon(Cucumis melo)germplasm resources by morphological characters,Zhiwu Xuebao(Chinese Bulletin of Botany),48(1):42-51(胡建斌,马双武,李健吾,王吉明,李琼,王林忠,2013,国外甜瓜种质形态性状遗传多样性分析,植物学报,48(1):42-51)
Li H.Y.,Li J.,Huang F.,Li Z.Y.,and Liu L.,2017,Phenotypic diversity of 78 accessions of wild Allium species in Inner Mongolia,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),18(4):620-628(李鸿雁,李俊,黄帆,李志勇,刘磊,2017,内蒙古78份葱属野生种表型遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,18(4):620-628)
Li P.,Li Z.B.,Zhao Z.,and Zheng L.Y.,2002,Researches on root distribution characters of Robinia pseudoacacia on different sites in Weibei Loess Plateau,Shuitu Baochi Tongbao(Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation),22(5):15-19(李鹏,李占斌,赵忠,郑良勇,2002,渭北黄土高原不同立地上刺槐根系分布特征研究,水土保持通报,22(5):15-19)
Li Y.T.,An M.C.,Zhang X.L.,Fu D.Y.,Lin F.,Zhang M.Y.,and Wang X.Z.,2017,Analysis on the genetic diversity of stem and leaf phenotypic traits in watermelon germplasm resources,Shanxi Nongye Kexue(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences),45(7):1061-1065(李钰婷,安美忱,张兴雷,付丹阳,林凡,张慕月,王学征,2017,西瓜茎叶表型性状的多样性分析,山西农业科学,45(7):1061-1065)
Song Y.F.,2002,Exploitation and utilization on Robinia pseudoacacia resources,Linye Keji Kaifa(China Forestry Science and Technology),16(5):11-13(宋永芳,2002,刺槐资源的开发利用,林业科技开发,16(5):11-13)
Tan X.H.,Peng Z.D.,Jia Z.K.,and Ma L.Y.,2010,Influence of air temperatures on photosynthetic light-response curves of Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Beijing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Forestry University),32(2):64-68(谭晓红,彭祚登,贾忠奎,马履一,2010,不同刺槐品种光合光响应曲线的温度效应研究,北京林业大学学报,32(2):64-68)
Tateno R.,Tokuchi N.,Yamanaka N.,Du S.,Otsuki K.,Shimamura T.,Xue Z.D.,Wang S.Q.,and Hou Q.C.,2007,Comparison of litterfall production and leaf litter decomposition between an exotic black locust plantation and an indigenous oak forest near Yan'an on the Loess Plateau,Forest Ecology and Management,241(1-3):84-90
Tian F.,and McLaughlin J.L.,2000,Bioactive flavonoids from the black locust tree,Robinia pseudoacacia,Pharm Biol.,38(3):229-234
Wu C.,Lin X.Q.,Qin D.H.,Ding X.Y.,and Guo Q.F.,2016,Genetic diversity of cut flower lilies(Lilium)germplasm resources by morphological traits,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),14(5):1300-1308(吴超,林巧奇,秦德辉,丁晓瑜,郭方其,2016,切花百合种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析,分子植物育种,14(5):1300-1308)
Xie Y.Y.,He Z.P.,Yan G.Y.,Li Y.Y.,Fu B.F.,Bai Y.Y.,and Feng Q.Y.,2017,Analysis of phenotypic character genetic diversity of 40 lines of Picria felterrae Guangxi Zhiwu(Guihaia),37(3):348-355(谢阳姣,何志鹏,闫国跃,李耀燕,符标芳,白燕远,冯秋瑜,2017,苦玄参40个株系表型性状遗传多样性分析,广西植物,37(3):348-355)
Xun S.H.,Qiao Y.L.,Mao X.H.,Kang Z.,Zhang J.T.,and Zhang L.J.,2014,Development on database for species of locust genus(Robinia),Shandong Linye Keji(Shandong Forestry Science and Technology),44(1):1-8(荀守华,乔玉玲,毛秀红,康智,张江涛,张丽君,2014,刺槐属种质资源数据库研建,山东林业科技,44(1):1-8)
Yang J.W.,Liang Z.S.,and Han R.L.,2004,Characteristics of growth and water use of Robinia pseudoacacia under different soil water conditions,Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),40(5):93-98(杨建伟,梁宗锁,韩蕊莲,2004,不同土壤水分状况对刺槐的生长及水分利用特征的影响,林业科学,40(5):93-98)
Zhang J.T.,2008,Study on gene resource collection,evaluation and utilization of Robinia pseudoacacia in Henan Province,Henan Linye Keji(Journal of Henan Forestry Science and Technology),28(4):43-45(张江涛,2008,河南省刺槐基因资源收集及评价利用研究,河南林业科技,28(4):43-45)
Zhang Y.,Yang Y.,Tian L.B.,and Sang T.,2016,Evaluation and genetic diversity of bitter gourd varieties based on phenotypic traits,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),14(1):239-250(张燕,杨衍,田丽波,桑田,2016,基于表型性状的苦瓜种质资源评价和遗传多样性的分析,分子植物育种,14(1):239-250)
Zhu D.J.,Wen Z.M.,Zhang J.,Tao Y.,Zeng H.W.,and Tang Y.,2018,Effects of alien species Robinia pseudoacacia on plant community functional structure in hilly-gully region of Loess Plateau,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),29(2):459-466(朱朵菊,温仲明,张静,陶宇,曾鸿文,唐洋,2018,外来物种刺槐对黄土丘陵区植物群落功能结构的影响,应用生态学报,29(2):459-466)
Dong C.G.,Wang J.,Zhou X.F.,Ma X.M.,Li S.X.,Yu Y.,and Li B.C.,2016,Evaluation on genetic diversity of cotton germplasm resources(Gossypium hirsutum L.)on morphological characters,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),17(3):438-446(董承光,王娟,周小凤,马晓梅,李生秀,余渝,李保成,2016,基于表型性状的陆地棉种质资源遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,17(3):438-446)
Feng Y.D.,2009,Studies of the collection,preservation and evaluation of Robinia Germplasm(Genetic),Thesis for M.S.,Henan Agricultural University,Supervisors:Yang Q.S.,and Zhu Y.L.,pp.40(冯屹东,2009,刺槐种质(基因)资源收集,保存及评价研究,硕士学位论文,河南农业大学,导师:杨秋生,朱延林,pp.40)
Hu J.B.,Ma S.W.,Li J.W.,Wang J.M.,Li Q.,and Wang L.Z.,2013,Genetic diversity of foreign melon(Cucumis melo)germplasm resources by morphological characters,Zhiwu Xuebao(Chinese Bulletin of Botany),48(1):42-51(胡建斌,马双武,李健吾,王吉明,李琼,王林忠,2013,国外甜瓜种质形态性状遗传多样性分析,植物学报,48(1):42-51)
Li H.Y.,Li J.,Huang F.,Li Z.Y.,and Liu L.,2017,Phenotypic diversity of 78 accessions of wild Allium species in Inner Mongolia,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),18(4):620-628(李鸿雁,李俊,黄帆,李志勇,刘磊,2017,内蒙古78份葱属野生种表型遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,18(4):620-628)
Li P.,Li Z.B.,Zhao Z.,and Zheng L.Y.,2002,Researches on root distribution characters of Robinia pseudoacacia on different sites in Weibei Loess Plateau,Shuitu Baochi Tongbao(Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation),22(5):15-19(李鹏,李占斌,赵忠,郑良勇,2002,渭北黄土高原不同立地上刺槐根系分布特征研究,水土保持通报,22(5):15-19)
Li Y.T.,An M.C.,Zhang X.L.,Fu D.Y.,Lin F.,Zhang M.Y.,and Wang X.Z.,2017,Analysis on the genetic diversity of stem and leaf phenotypic traits in watermelon germplasm resources,Shanxi Nongye Kexue(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences),45(7):1061-1065(李钰婷,安美忱,张兴雷,付丹阳,林凡,张慕月,王学征,2017,西瓜茎叶表型性状的多样性分析,山西农业科学,45(7):1061-1065)
Song Y.F.,2002,Exploitation and utilization on Robinia pseudoacacia resources,Linye Keji Kaifa(China Forestry Science and Technology),16(5):11-13(宋永芳,2002,刺槐资源的开发利用,林业科技开发,16(5):11-13)
Tan X.H.,Peng Z.D.,Jia Z.K.,and Ma L.Y.,2010,Influence of air temperatures on photosynthetic light-response curves of Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Beijing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Beijing Forestry University),32(2):64-68(谭晓红,彭祚登,贾忠奎,马履一,2010,不同刺槐品种光合光响应曲线的温度效应研究,北京林业大学学报,32(2):64-68)
Tateno R.,Tokuchi N.,Yamanaka N.,Du S.,Otsuki K.,Shimamura T.,Xue Z.D.,Wang S.Q.,and Hou Q.C.,2007,Comparison of litterfall production and leaf litter decomposition between an exotic black locust plantation and an indigenous oak forest near Yan'an on the Loess Plateau,Forest Ecology and Management,241(1-3):84-90
Tian F.,and McLaughlin J.L.,2000,Bioactive flavonoids from the black locust tree,Robinia pseudoacacia,Pharm Biol.,38(3):229-234
Wu C.,Lin X.Q.,Qin D.H.,Ding X.Y.,and Guo Q.F.,2016,Genetic diversity of cut flower lilies(Lilium)germplasm resources by morphological traits,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),14(5):1300-1308(吴超,林巧奇,秦德辉,丁晓瑜,郭方其,2016,切花百合种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析,分子植物育种,14(5):1300-1308)
Xie Y.Y.,He Z.P.,Yan G.Y.,Li Y.Y.,Fu B.F.,Bai Y.Y.,and Feng Q.Y.,2017,Analysis of phenotypic character genetic diversity of 40 lines of Picria felterrae Guangxi Zhiwu(Guihaia),37(3):348-355(谢阳姣,何志鹏,闫国跃,李耀燕,符标芳,白燕远,冯秋瑜,2017,苦玄参40个株系表型性状遗传多样性分析,广西植物,37(3):348-355)
Xun S.H.,Qiao Y.L.,Mao X.H.,Kang Z.,Zhang J.T.,and Zhang L.J.,2014,Development on database for species of locust genus(Robinia),Shandong Linye Keji(Shandong Forestry Science and Technology),44(1):1-8(荀守华,乔玉玲,毛秀红,康智,张江涛,张丽君,2014,刺槐属种质资源数据库研建,山东林业科技,44(1):1-8)
Yang J.W.,Liang Z.S.,and Han R.L.,2004,Characteristics of growth and water use of Robinia pseudoacacia under different soil water conditions,Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),40(5):93-98(杨建伟,梁宗锁,韩蕊莲,2004,不同土壤水分状况对刺槐的生长及水分利用特征的影响,林业科学,40(5):93-98)
Zhang J.T.,2008,Study on gene resource collection,evaluation and utilization of Robinia pseudoacacia in Henan Province,Henan Linye Keji(Journal of Henan Forestry Science and Technology),28(4):43-45(张江涛,2008,河南省刺槐基因资源收集及评价利用研究,河南林业科技,28(4):43-45)
Zhang Y.,Yang Y.,Tian L.B.,and Sang T.,2016,Evaluation and genetic diversity of bitter gourd varieties based on phenotypic traits,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),14(1):239-250(张燕,杨衍,田丽波,桑田,2016,基于表型性状的苦瓜种质资源评价和遗传多样性的分析,分子植物育种,14(1):239-250)
Zhu D.J.,Wen Z.M.,Zhang J.,Tao Y.,Zeng H.W.,and Tang Y.,2018,Effects of alien species Robinia pseudoacacia on plant community functional structure in hilly-gully region of Loess Plateau,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),29(2):459-466(朱朵菊,温仲明,张静,陶宇,曾鸿文,唐洋,2018,外来物种刺槐对黄土丘陵区植物群落功能结构的影响,应用生态学报,29(2):459-466)