频率衰减梯度属性在南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物检测中的应用
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摘要
为了准确识别和预测天然气水合物的矿体特征,利用频率吸收衰减属性开展水合物矿体定量分析是十分必要的。在实际地震资料中,天然气水合物段对应的高频段能量衰减受随机噪音的影响较大,容易导致计算结果出现误差。改进的频率衰减属性提取方法能够减小随机干扰对地震频谱斜率拟合的影响,得到有效信号的频率吸收衰减属性。将该方法应用到南海北部神狐海域的天然气水合物检测中,计算的结果能够准确刻画天然气水合物矿体的边界,满足定量预测的需要,证实该方法能够对天然气水合物定量预测提供更多信息。
In order to accurately predict and evaluate the characteristics of gas hydrate deposits,quantitative study is required to be conducted by frequency attenuation gradient properties for seismic data.Influenced by random noise,it is easy to cause calculation error for the gas hydrate segments with high frequency attenuation gradients.An improved frequency attenuation properties extraction method is then proposed in this paper,which may reduce the random disturbance of the seismic spectrum slope fitting and get effective signal frequency absorption properties.The method was applied to the detection of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area in the northern South China Sea.The calculated results can accurately depict the boundary of the gas hydrate body to meet the needs in quantitative prediction of gas hydrate.
In order to accurately predict and evaluate the characteristics of gas hydrate deposits,quantitative study is required to be conducted by frequency attenuation gradient properties for seismic data.Influenced by random noise,it is easy to cause calculation error for the gas hydrate segments with high frequency attenuation gradients.An improved frequency attenuation properties extraction method is then proposed in this paper,which may reduce the random disturbance of the seismic spectrum slope fitting and get effective signal frequency absorption properties.The method was applied to the detection of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area in the northern South China Sea.The calculated results can accurately depict the boundary of the gas hydrate body to meet the needs in quantitative prediction of gas hydrate.
引文
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[20]孟美辰,王彦春,毛庆辉,等.频率衰减梯度属性在沁水盆地南部煤层气预测中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(7):1671-1815.
[21]张景业,贺振华,黄德济.地震波频率衰减梯度在油气预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):207-211.
[22]张固澜,贺振华,李家金,等.基于广义S变换的吸收衰减梯度检测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(6):905-910.
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[24]张伟,梁金强,陆敬安,等.中国南海北部神狐海域高饱和度天然气水合物成藏特征及机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):670-680.
[25]杨胜雄,梁金强,陆敬安,等.南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物成仓特征及主控因素新认识[J].地学前缘,2017,24(4):1508-1517.
[26] Yang S X,Zhang M,Liang J Q,et al.Preliminary results of China’s third gas hydrate drilling expedition:a critical step from discovery to development in the South China Sea[J].NETL,Fire in the Ice(Methane Hydrate Newsletter),2015,15(2):1-5.
[27]郭依群,杨胜雄,梁金强,等.南海北部神狐海域高饱和度天然气水合物分布特征[J].地学前缘,2017,24(4):24-31.
[2] Castagana J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.The use of spectral decomposition as a hydrocarbon indicator[J].Gas Tips,2002,8(2):24-27.
[3] Chen G L,Matteucci G,Fahmy B,et al.Spectral decomposition response to reservoir fluids from a deepwater West Africa reservoir[J].Geophysics,2008,73(6):23-30.
[4]边树涛,董艳蕾,郑浚茂.地震波频率衰减检测天然气技术应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):296-300.
[5]张如伟,李洪奇,文鹏飞,等.海洋含水合物沉积层的速度频散与衰减特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(6):905-910.
[6]孙运宝.南海北部陆坡神狐海域含水合物沉积层时频特征提取及识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(4):2155-2163.
[7] Guerin G,Goldberg D.Sonic waveform attenuation in gas hydrate-bearing sediments from the Mallik 2L-38research well,Mackenzie Delta,Canada[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(B5):1-11.
[8] Bellefleur G,Riedel M,Brent T,et al.Implication of seismic attenuation for gas hydrate resource characterization,Mallik,Mackenzie Delta,Canada[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:103-111.
[9] Best A I,Priest J A,Clayton C R I,et al.The effect of methane hydrate morphology and water saturation on seismic wave attenuation in sand under shallow sub-seafloor conditons[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2013,368:78-87.
[10] Priest J A,Best A I,Clayton C R I.Attenuation of seismic waves in methane gas hydrate-bearing sand[J].Geophysical Journal International,2006,164(1):149-159.
[11] Matsushima J.Seismic wave attenuation in methane hydrate-bearing sediments:vertical seismic profiling data from the Nankai Trough exploratory well,offshore Tokai,central Japan[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111(B10):1-20.
[12] Dewangan P,Mandal R,Jaiswal P,et al.Estimation of seismic attenuation of gas hydrate bearing sediments from multichannel seismic data:a case study from Krishna-Godavari offshore basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,58:356-367.
[13] Wood W T,Hart P E,Hutchinson D R,et al.Gas and gas-hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi Canyon,Northern Gulf of Mexico,using multi-resolution seismic imagery[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2008,25(9):952-959.
[14]刘喜武,宁俊瑞,刘培体,等.地震时频分析与分频解释及频谱分解技术在地震沉积学与储层成像中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1679-1688.
[15]路鹏飞,杨长春,郭爱华.频谱成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1517-1521.
[16]魏学强,袁洪克,秦晶晶,等.广义S变换地震信号时频分析[J].震灾防御技术,2016,11(4):808-813.
[17]黄中玉,王于静,苏永昌.一种新的地震波衰减分析方法——预测油气异常的有效工具[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(6):768-773.
[18] Oliveira S,Vilhena O,da Costa E.Time-frequency spectral signature of Pelotas Basin deep water gas hydrates system[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2010,31(1/2):89-97.
[19] Vanneste M,De Batist M,Golmshtok A,et al.Multifrequency seismic study of gas hydrate-bearing sediments in Lake Baikal,Siberria[J].Marine Geology,2001,172(1/2):1-21.
[20]孟美辰,王彦春,毛庆辉,等.频率衰减梯度属性在沁水盆地南部煤层气预测中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(7):1671-1815.
[21]张景业,贺振华,黄德济.地震波频率衰减梯度在油气预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):207-211.
[22]张固澜,贺振华,李家金,等.基于广义S变换的吸收衰减梯度检测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(6):905-910.
[23] Mitchell J T,Derzhi N,Lichma E.Energy absorption analysis:A case study[J].Expanded Abstracts of the 66th Annual Internat SEG Meeting,1996:1785-1788.
[24]张伟,梁金强,陆敬安,等.中国南海北部神狐海域高饱和度天然气水合物成藏特征及机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):670-680.
[25]杨胜雄,梁金强,陆敬安,等.南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物成仓特征及主控因素新认识[J].地学前缘,2017,24(4):1508-1517.
[26] Yang S X,Zhang M,Liang J Q,et al.Preliminary results of China’s third gas hydrate drilling expedition:a critical step from discovery to development in the South China Sea[J].NETL,Fire in the Ice(Methane Hydrate Newsletter),2015,15(2):1-5.
[27]郭依群,杨胜雄,梁金强,等.南海北部神狐海域高饱和度天然气水合物分布特征[J].地学前缘,2017,24(4):24-31.
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