微生物发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能及肉质的影响
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摘要
为了研究乳酸菌发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质的影响及其机理,选择体重约80 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交生长育肥猪320头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组8个重复,每个重复20头猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮中5%的原料经乳酸菌发酵处理后再与其他原料混合;试验预试期3 d,正试期4周,在第4周结束时,每组随机抽取6头猪进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能和肉质。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲喂发酵饲料对肥育猪的干物质采食量、平均日增重和料重影响差异不显著(P>0.05),猪血清中的生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-I水平组间差异也不显著(P=0.11);试验组育肥猪的背最长肌pH_(45 min)和肉色评分显著增加(P<0.05),背最长肌肉剪切力显著降低(P<0.05);试验组血清谷胱甘肽还原酶活性有升高趋势(P=0.08)。结果表明:肥育猪饲料中添加5%发酵饲料原料可改善猪肉品质。
The present study investigated the effects of fermented feed on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs. A total of 320 crossbred pigs(D×L×Y) with an average body weight of about 80 kg were randomly divided into two groups: the basal diet group(the control group) and the fermented feed group(the experimental group). Each group had 8 replicates with 20 pigs per replicate. The pigs in the control group were fed with a basal diet, and those in the experimental group were fed with a diet containing 5% fermented feed stuff. The per-experimental period lasted for three days, and the formal experimental period lasted for four weeks. The results showed that no significant difference was observed on the average dry matter intake(ADMI), average daily gain(ADG) and the gain:feed ratio(G: F) of the finishing pigs between the two groups, or on the average levels of GH and IGF-I in the serum of the pigs(P=0.11). However, the pH_(45 min) and meat color score of longissimus dorsi of the fishing pigs in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05), but the shear force of longissimus dorsi was significantly decreased(P<0.05); and the serum glutathione reductase was increased(P=0.08) compared with the control group. Therefore, addition of 5% fermented feed stuff in the feed of finishing pigs might improve their meet quality.
The present study investigated the effects of fermented feed on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs. A total of 320 crossbred pigs(D×L×Y) with an average body weight of about 80 kg were randomly divided into two groups: the basal diet group(the control group) and the fermented feed group(the experimental group). Each group had 8 replicates with 20 pigs per replicate. The pigs in the control group were fed with a basal diet, and those in the experimental group were fed with a diet containing 5% fermented feed stuff. The per-experimental period lasted for three days, and the formal experimental period lasted for four weeks. The results showed that no significant difference was observed on the average dry matter intake(ADMI), average daily gain(ADG) and the gain:feed ratio(G: F) of the finishing pigs between the two groups, or on the average levels of GH and IGF-I in the serum of the pigs(P=0.11). However, the pH_(45 min) and meat color score of longissimus dorsi of the fishing pigs in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05), but the shear force of longissimus dorsi was significantly decreased(P<0.05); and the serum glutathione reductase was increased(P=0.08) compared with the control group. Therefore, addition of 5% fermented feed stuff in the feed of finishing pigs might improve their meet quality.
引文
[1] 陆文清.发酵饲料生产与应用技术[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2011:1.
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[4] 刘瑞丽,李龙,陈小莲,等.复合益生菌发酵饲料对肥育猪消化与生产性能的影响[J].上海农业学报,2011,27(3):121-125.
[5] 刘志云,钟晓霞,谢跃伟,等.发酵玉米-豆粕型全价饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便臭味物质和菌群区系的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(6):1169-1177.
[6] 胡新旭,周映华,卞巧,等.无抗发酵饲料对生长育肥猪生产性能、血液生化指标和肉品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(1):72-77.
[7] 杨世锦,郭定宗,程大池.屠宰应激对长大猪与杜洛克血清酶与甲状腺素类激素的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2000(2):151-153.
[2] 徐秀景,谢长文,刘敏等.乳酸菌发酵饲料对猪生长性能、肉品质和血液抗氧化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(10):67-71.
[3] 朱坤,毛胜勇,朱崇淼,等.发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质、血清生化指标和代谢产物的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(10):1-7.
[4] 刘瑞丽,李龙,陈小莲,等.复合益生菌发酵饲料对肥育猪消化与生产性能的影响[J].上海农业学报,2011,27(3):121-125.
[5] 刘志云,钟晓霞,谢跃伟,等.发酵玉米-豆粕型全价饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便臭味物质和菌群区系的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(6):1169-1177.
[6] 胡新旭,周映华,卞巧,等.无抗发酵饲料对生长育肥猪生产性能、血液生化指标和肉品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(1):72-77.
[7] 杨世锦,郭定宗,程大池.屠宰应激对长大猪与杜洛克血清酶与甲状腺素类激素的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2000(2):151-153.