基于滑磨功的大功率拖拉机动力升挡控制研究
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摘要
大功率拖拉机动力升挡过程易产生滑磨功,严重影响拖拉机的动力性和生产率。针对这一问题,基于柴油发动机的调速特性,以换挡过程中的冲击度为约束条件,滑磨功最小为控制目标,利用极小值最优控制原理求解换挡过程的最优控制量,实现大功率拖拉机动力升挡的最优控制。基于动力交接与转速同步阶段不同的控制目标制定分阶段的升挡控制策略,并在转速同步阶段提出离合器降速法;针对两个阶段分别使用极小值最优控制,并基于MATLAB/Simulink进行建模与仿真。结果表明:基于极小值最优理论的大功率拖拉机动力升挡控制策略,可在冲击度符合要求的条件下,实现较小的滑磨功,在保证动力性能不降低的前提下大大减少离合器的滑磨损失。
The slip work can be easily produced in the process of high-power tractor power-on upshift,which seriously affects the power and productivity of tractor.Aiming at this problem,based on the diesel engine speed control characteristics,taking the permitted jerk as constraint and the minimum slip work as the control objective,the optimal upshift control quantity was solved with the minimum optimal control principle and realized the optimal control of high-power tractor power-on upshift.Considering the different control objectives in speed synchronization period and power transfer period,the upshift control strategies of two periods were formulated respectively.In speed synchronization period,the clutch speed reduction method was proposed.For two periods,the minimum optimal control was used respectively.Based on MATLAB/Simulink,power-on upshift process is modeled and simulated.The results show that power-on upshift control strategy based on the minimum optimal control principle can achieve small slip work when the jerk meets the requirement,which greatly reduces the slip work loss and ensures the dynamic performance.
The slip work can be easily produced in the process of high-power tractor power-on upshift,which seriously affects the power and productivity of tractor.Aiming at this problem,based on the diesel engine speed control characteristics,taking the permitted jerk as constraint and the minimum slip work as the control objective,the optimal upshift control quantity was solved with the minimum optimal control principle and realized the optimal control of high-power tractor power-on upshift.Considering the different control objectives in speed synchronization period and power transfer period,the upshift control strategies of two periods were formulated respectively.In speed synchronization period,the clutch speed reduction method was proposed.For two periods,the minimum optimal control was used respectively.Based on MATLAB/Simulink,power-on upshift process is modeled and simulated.The results show that power-on upshift control strategy based on the minimum optimal control principle can achieve small slip work when the jerk meets the requirement,which greatly reduces the slip work loss and ensures the dynamic performance.
引文
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[2]雷雨龙,付尧,张元侠,等.双离合器自动变速器升档过程综合控制策略[J].中国科技论文,2015,10(19):2221-2224.Lei Yulong,Fu Rao,Zhang Yuanxia,et al.Integrated control strategy for the dual clutch transmission during the upshift process[J].Chinese Sciencepaper,2015,10(19):2221-2224.
[3]刘景南,胡建军,刘永刚,等.双离合器自动变速汽车换挡过程离合器模糊控制策略[J].世界科技研究与发展,2012,34(4):567-571.
[4]胡健,汪韶杰.一种新型双离合自动变速器的换挡品质研究[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2013,51(12):35-38.
[5]李兴忠,宋斌,童燕华,等.基于粒子群算法的动力升档换档品质优化控制[J].传动技术,2016,30(1):9-13.Li Xingzhong,Song Bin,Tong Yanhua,et al.Optimization control of power-on shifting quality based on PSO algorithm[J].Drive System Technique,2016,30(1):9-13.
[6]徐立友,刘海亮,周志立,等.拖拉机双离合器自动变速器换挡品质评价指标[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(8):48-53.Xv Liyou,Liu Hailiang,Zhou Zhili,et al.Evaluation indexes of shifting quality for dual clutch transmission for tractor[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(8):48-53.
[7]常佳男,孙保群,姜明亮,等.双离合自动变速器换挡冲击度分析[J].机械传动,2017,41(9):51-57.Chang Jianan,Sun Baoqun,Jiang Mingliang,et al.Analysis of the shifting jerk of dual clutch transmission[J].Agricultural Engineering,2017,41(9):51-57.
[8]雷雨龙,刘科,付尧,等.基于理想换挡过程的换挡品质评价模型[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2015,45(2):358-363.Lei Yulong,Liu Ke,Fu Rao,et al.Shift quality evaluation model based on ideal shift process[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2015,45(2):358-363.
[9]葛安林.车辆自动变速理论与设计[M].机械工业出版社,1993.
[10]Kahlbau,Sebastian,Bestle,et al.Optimal shift control for automatic transmission[J].Mechanics Based Design of Structures&Machines,2013,41(3):259-273.
[11]Haj-Fraj A,Pfeiffer F.Optimal control of gear shift operations in automatic transmissions[J].Journal of the Franklin Institute,2001,338(2-3):371-390.
[12]李瑜婷,赵治国,章桐.DCT变速器双离合器压力最优控制方法的仿真研究[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(12):1496-1501.Li Yuting,Zhao Zhiguo,Zhang Tong.Research on optimal control of twin clutch engagement pressure for dual clutch transmission[J].Agricultural Engineering,2010,21(12):1496-1501.