前后双腔式高速精量穴播器的设计与试验
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摘要
为解决新疆地区现有的机械式棉花穴播器高速播种过程中播种精度不高等问题,在原有的型孔式穴播器的基础上,设计了一种全新的前后双腔穴播器。该穴播器的主要零部件为取种器,由前后两部分腔体组成,利用两次充种的原理,达到高速精量播种。同时,对前后双腔取种器的结构参数进行设计,并对其工作原理进行了分析。以穴播器的单粒率为精量排种性能评价指标,在JPS-12排种器试验台上进行正交试验,结果表明:当前腔宽度12 mm、V型槽宽度7 mm、后腔长度7 mm时,穴播器在高速状态下排种效果最好;设计的前后双腔穴播器在60 r/min(7.1 km/h)时单粒率依然在94%以上,完全能够满足新疆地区高速状态下的棉花精量播种要求。
In order to solve the problem of less quality in sowing cotton seeds at high speed in Xinjiang region of present mechanical cotton dibbler.Basing on the existing type-hole dibbler,a new type of two tandem cavities dibbler has been designed.The major part of the dibbler is seed-taking device,which consists of two tandem cavities.The device takes advantage of the idea that double seeds-filling,achieving precision sowing at high speed.Then making a design of the structure parameters and analyzing the operating principle of the two tandem cavities seed-taking device.Orthogonal experiment was conducted in JPS-12 metering test bench,taking the rate of single seed as precision seeding performance evaluation index.The experiment showed:when the front cavity width was 12 mm,the V groove width was 7 mm,the back cavity length was 7 mm,the effect of seeding is best in the high-speed sowing condition.When the two tandem cavities dibber work at 60 r/min(7.1 km/h),it’s single rate remains above 94%,which can meet the requirements of the precision sowing of cotton in Xinjiang region.
In order to solve the problem of less quality in sowing cotton seeds at high speed in Xinjiang region of present mechanical cotton dibbler.Basing on the existing type-hole dibbler,a new type of two tandem cavities dibbler has been designed.The major part of the dibbler is seed-taking device,which consists of two tandem cavities.The device takes advantage of the idea that double seeds-filling,achieving precision sowing at high speed.Then making a design of the structure parameters and analyzing the operating principle of the two tandem cavities seed-taking device.Orthogonal experiment was conducted in JPS-12 metering test bench,taking the rate of single seed as precision seeding performance evaluation index.The experiment showed:when the front cavity width was 12 mm,the V groove width was 7 mm,the back cavity length was 7 mm,the effect of seeding is best in the high-speed sowing condition.When the two tandem cavities dibber work at 60 r/min(7.1 km/h),it’s single rate remains above 94%,which can meet the requirements of the precision sowing of cotton in Xinjiang region.
引文
[1]孙明亮,余荣诚,蔡增乐.新疆棉花连续20年保持四项全国第一[J].新疆画报,2013(4):32-33.
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[3]陈玉龙,孙兴冻,李苗苗,等.机械式棉花精量穴播器的设计与试验[J].农机化研究,2015,37(6):124-126,158.
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[5]李俊伟,胡斌,罗昕,等.型孔式棉花精量穴播器滚落清种过程的理论分析与仿真[J].中国机械工程,2011(19):2344-2348.
[6]Wright,F S Mozingo,R W Device for precision peanut seed placement[J].Agricultural Journal,1995,87(2):279-280.
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[8]陈玉龙,孙兴冻,罗昕,等.气吸式打瓜精量穴播的设计与试验试验[J].中国农机化学报,2015(4):15-17,21.
[9]王金武,唐汉,周文琪,等.指夹式精量玉米排种器改进设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015(9):68-76.
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[2]王磊,陈永成,王维新.棉花播种机排种器的现状和发展趋势[J].中国农机化,2005(3):80-82.
[3]陈玉龙,孙兴冻,李苗苗,等.机械式棉花精量穴播器的设计与试验[J].农机化研究,2015,37(6):124-126,158.
[4]赵武云,戴飞,杨杰,等.玉米全膜双垄沟直插式精量穴播机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):91-97.
[5]李俊伟,胡斌,罗昕,等.型孔式棉花精量穴播器滚落清种过程的理论分析与仿真[J].中国机械工程,2011(19):2344-2348.
[6]Wright,F S Mozingo,R W Device for precision peanut seed placement[J].Agricultural Journal,1995,87(2):279-280.
[7]王吉奎,郭康权,吕新民.夹持式穴播轮种子室内种子运动分析[J].农业工程学报,2012(11):35-39.
[8]陈玉龙,孙兴冻,罗昕,等.气吸式打瓜精量穴播的设计与试验试验[J].中国农机化学报,2015(4):15-17,21.
[9]王金武,唐汉,周文琪,等.指夹式精量玉米排种器改进设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015(9):68-76.
[10]中国农业机械化科学研究院.农业机械设计手册[K].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007.
[11]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6973-2005,单粒(精密)播种机试验方法[S].