新型复合连杆式独立悬架动力学特性建模分析
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摘要
矿用自卸车前悬架应具备结构简单、受力条件较好、运动性能优秀等特点,针对此及现有悬架形式的优缺点,提出了一种新型的独立前悬架机构—复合连杆式悬架。基于R-W图论法建立了复合连杆式悬架的运动学模型,并进行运动学特性分析。分析结构参数和位置参数对悬架性能的影响。采用多体动力学方法运用MapleSim软件建立单纵臂式、双叉臂式、烛式、复合连杆式等四种前悬架的刚体模型和刚柔耦合模型,分别施加位移载荷和力载荷获取K特性和C特性并进行对比。分析结果可知:该形式悬架的主销内倾角、后倾角变化非常小,前束值、前轮侧向位移和纵向位移的变化合理,唯一的缺点是外倾角相对变化稍大;通过与其他形式前悬架K&C特性的对比可知,其运动学性能比烛式悬架和单纵臂式悬架要好;总体而言,这种型式悬架的受力情况明显改善,结构简单,运动学特性较好;为实际应用及设计优化提供参考。
The front suspension of mining dump truck has the advantages of such as simple structure,reliable stress condition and good stress condition and so on. In view of the above advantages and disadvantages of existing suspension form,this paper proposes a new type of independent front suspension institutions which called the composite-linkage Type suspension. The kinematics model of composite rod suspension is established and the kinematics characteristic is analyzed based on the R-W graph theoretic approach. The influence of structural parameters and position parameters on suspension performance was analyzed. Using multi-body dynamics method and MapleSim software to establish rigid body model and the coupled model of the front suspension such as a trailing arm type,double cross arm type,Candle type,compound connecting rod type. The above model respectively applying displacement load and power load for K and C properties and comparison. The results show that: the form of suspension kingpin inclination and caster angle change is very small,the change of the toe-in and the front wheel lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement is reasonable. The only disadvantage is camber angle changes slightly. We can get the following conclusion compared with other forms of front suspension K & C characteristics:The kinematics performance of candle type suspension is better than the single trailing arm type. In general,this type of force of the suspension is obviously improved;the structure is simple,kinematics characteristics better. Those provide a reference for practical application and design optimization for us.
The front suspension of mining dump truck has the advantages of such as simple structure,reliable stress condition and good stress condition and so on. In view of the above advantages and disadvantages of existing suspension form,this paper proposes a new type of independent front suspension institutions which called the composite-linkage Type suspension. The kinematics model of composite rod suspension is established and the kinematics characteristic is analyzed based on the R-W graph theoretic approach. The influence of structural parameters and position parameters on suspension performance was analyzed. Using multi-body dynamics method and MapleSim software to establish rigid body model and the coupled model of the front suspension such as a trailing arm type,double cross arm type,Candle type,compound connecting rod type. The above model respectively applying displacement load and power load for K and C properties and comparison. The results show that: the form of suspension kingpin inclination and caster angle change is very small,the change of the toe-in and the front wheel lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement is reasonable. The only disadvantage is camber angle changes slightly. We can get the following conclusion compared with other forms of front suspension K & C characteristics:The kinematics performance of candle type suspension is better than the single trailing arm type. In general,this type of force of the suspension is obviously improved;the structure is simple,kinematics characteristics better. Those provide a reference for practical application and design optimization for us.
引文
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[7]吴红艳,翟润国,井绪文.基于ADAMS/CAR的双横臂与多连杆悬架系统运动学分析[J].汽车技术,2009(8):14-18.(Wu Hong-yan,Zhai Run-guo,Jing Xu-wen.The kinematics analysis of double wishbone and multi-link suspension system based on the software of ADAMS/CAR[J].Automobile Technology,2009(8):14-18.)
[8]侯锁军,秦东晨.基于ADAMS/View多连杆独立悬架的运动学仿真及优化设计[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2010,37(1):60-61.(Hou Suo-jun,Qin Dong-chen.Kinematics simulation and optimization design of multi-link independent suspension based on ADAMS/View[J].Tractor&Farm Transporter,2010,37(1):60-61.)
[9]Auberon M,Fuchs J F,Leard J P.Method for producing a monoblock composite connecting rod by placing preimpregnated fibers on an extractable mandrel:US,US5428896[P].2005.
[10]刘新田,石少亮,黄虎.减震器下衬套刚度对后多连杆独立悬架性能影响分析[J].机械设计与制造,2010(10):99-101.(Liu Xin-tian,Shi Shao-liang,Huang Hu.Influence of the button rubber bush stiffness of the damper on the multi-link independent suspension performance[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2010(10):99-101.)
[2]Zhu X,Jing X,Cheng L.A magnetorheological fluid embedded pneumatic vibration isolator allowing independently adjustable stiffness and damping[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2011,20(20):85025-85042(18).
[3]Jagirdar V V,Dadar M S,Sulakhe V P.Wishbone structure for front independent suspension of a military truck[J].Defence Science Journal,2010,60(2):43-47.
[4]Liu G,Luo C,Zhang D.Mechanical performance and failure mechanism of thick-walled composite connecting rods fabricated by resin transfer molding technique[J].Applied Composite Materials,2015,22(4):423-436.
[5]Call D R,Satterwhite D M,Soule M.Using DNA suspension arrays to identify library-independent markers for bacterial source tracking[J].Water Research,2007,41(16):3740-3746.
[6]孙海林.轿车多连杆悬架系统运动学特性的仿真分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2007.(Sun Hailin.The kinematics/elastokinematics simulation and analysis of the car multi-link suspension system[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2007.)
[7]吴红艳,翟润国,井绪文.基于ADAMS/CAR的双横臂与多连杆悬架系统运动学分析[J].汽车技术,2009(8):14-18.(Wu Hong-yan,Zhai Run-guo,Jing Xu-wen.The kinematics analysis of double wishbone and multi-link suspension system based on the software of ADAMS/CAR[J].Automobile Technology,2009(8):14-18.)
[8]侯锁军,秦东晨.基于ADAMS/View多连杆独立悬架的运动学仿真及优化设计[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2010,37(1):60-61.(Hou Suo-jun,Qin Dong-chen.Kinematics simulation and optimization design of multi-link independent suspension based on ADAMS/View[J].Tractor&Farm Transporter,2010,37(1):60-61.)
[9]Auberon M,Fuchs J F,Leard J P.Method for producing a monoblock composite connecting rod by placing preimpregnated fibers on an extractable mandrel:US,US5428896[P].2005.
[10]刘新田,石少亮,黄虎.减震器下衬套刚度对后多连杆独立悬架性能影响分析[J].机械设计与制造,2010(10):99-101.(Liu Xin-tian,Shi Shao-liang,Huang Hu.Influence of the button rubber bush stiffness of the damper on the multi-link independent suspension performance[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2010(10):99-101.)