高产优质小麦新品种‘石优20号’选育及应用
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摘要
为选育出高产稳产、品质优异,抗逆性强、适应性广小麦新品种,以‘冀935-352’为母本,‘济南17’为父本进行杂交;采用在不同土质和生产条件下异地交替定向选择。在高肥条件下,前期足水供应,促营养体充分发育,后期干旱胁迫,在逆境条件下筛选生产能力强的个体以提高品种的抗旱性、节水性、抗逆性、适应性等;选种方向上注重选择产量因素协调的个体;高代品系采用跨区域多点风土适应性鉴定筛选的方法,使高产稳产与抗逆广适达到高度结合;同时,从F3代进行实验室品质同步选择。成功选育出小麦新品种‘石优20号’。该品种集高产、优质、抗旱、耐瘠、节水等特点于一体,于2009年通过河北省优质组审定,2011年又通过了国家审定。其遗传基础丰富、性状良好,可作为高产优质种质利用。
The objective is to breed new wheat variety with high and stable yield, fine quality, strong resistance and wide adaptability. The hybridization test with female parent‘Ji 935-352'and male parent‘Jinan 17'was conducted. The artificial alternate selection was done in different places where soil and production conditions were different. Under the condition of sufficient fertilizer, the wheat were supplied with sufficient water at the early stage to promote the vegetative growth, and then the wheat were grown under drought stress at the later stage for screening high production capacity materials to improve the drought resistance, water saving, stress resistance and adaptability. The selection was focused on the individuals with excellent coordination of production factors. The high-yield lines were identified and screened by cross-regional and multi-point adaptability screening method to select the variety with high and stable yield combining with stress resistance and wide adaptability. At the same time, the quality selection was conducted in the laboratory from F3 generation. A new wheat variety‘Shiyou 20'was bred successfully.‘Shiyou 20'with high yield, high quality,drought resistance, fertilizer tolerance and water saving was authorized by Hebei Provincial Variety Approval Committee in 2009, and then it was authorized by National Variety Approval Committee in 2011.‘Shiyou20'has rich genetic basis and good traits, thus it can be used as high yield and high quality germplasm.
The objective is to breed new wheat variety with high and stable yield, fine quality, strong resistance and wide adaptability. The hybridization test with female parent‘Ji 935-352'and male parent‘Jinan 17'was conducted. The artificial alternate selection was done in different places where soil and production conditions were different. Under the condition of sufficient fertilizer, the wheat were supplied with sufficient water at the early stage to promote the vegetative growth, and then the wheat were grown under drought stress at the later stage for screening high production capacity materials to improve the drought resistance, water saving, stress resistance and adaptability. The selection was focused on the individuals with excellent coordination of production factors. The high-yield lines were identified and screened by cross-regional and multi-point adaptability screening method to select the variety with high and stable yield combining with stress resistance and wide adaptability. At the same time, the quality selection was conducted in the laboratory from F3 generation. A new wheat variety‘Shiyou 20'was bred successfully.‘Shiyou 20'with high yield, high quality,drought resistance, fertilizer tolerance and water saving was authorized by Hebei Provincial Variety Approval Committee in 2009, and then it was authorized by National Variety Approval Committee in 2011.‘Shiyou20'has rich genetic basis and good traits, thus it can be used as high yield and high quality germplasm.
引文
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[15]何中虎,张爱民.中国育种研究进展[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002:169-172.
[16]杨学举,卢桂芬.优质小麦重要性状的相关分析[J].麦类作物学报, 2001,21:35-37.
[17] Johnson V A. Genetics in Wheat protein quality and composition[J].Wheat Genet Symp,1973,4:547-566.
[18]李志敏,董中东.弱筋小麦农艺性状与籽粒蛋白质含量的相关性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35:9805-9806.
[19]刘广田.普通小麦籽粒品质性状研究Ⅲ籽粒品质性状与农艺性状的相关[J].北京农业大学学报,1986:255-260.
[20]李宗智.不同小麦品种品质特性及其相关性的研究[J].中国农业科学,1990,23.
[21]陈生斗.中国小麦育种与产业化进展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:76-84.
[22]曹广才.华北小麦[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:223-243.
[2]魏益民,张影全,班进福.等.黄淮冬麦区小麦籽粒质量研究报告[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:104.
[3]何中虎,林作楫,王龙俊,等.中国小麦育种及产业化进展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:139.
[4]陈生斗.中国小麦育种与产业化进展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:3-16.
[5]林作楫.食品加工与小麦品质改良[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994:1-59
[6]李洪恩,吴秀琴,李宗智.等.中国小麦种质资源主要品质鉴定[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1992:7-15.
[7]任志龙,吉万全,赵会贤,等.面包专用粉小麦新品种陕麦150的选育与产业化开发[J].麦类作物学报,2000, 20(1):74-77.
[8]高翔.优质专用小麦的生产与发展策略[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(1):85-88
[9]庞春明.小麦优异亲本-冀麦30[J].作物品种资源,1995(1):48.
[10]刘建军.高产优质面包小麦新品种-济南17号[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(3):102.
[11]赵振东,刘建军.高产优质面包小麦新品种-济南17号[J].麦类作物学报,2002,22(1):102
[12]赵振东,刘建军,王法宏,等.高产优质专用小麦新品种济南17号特征特性及配套栽培技术[J].山东农业科学,1999(4):19-20.
[13]方正.冬小麦抗旱高产品种鲁麦13号的选育[J].华北农学报,1994,9(3):12-15.
[14]刘兆晔,于经川,孙妮娜.等.骨干亲本鲁麦13、鲁麦14在山东小麦育种中的应用[J].农业科技通讯,2015(1):87-90.
[15]何中虎,张爱民.中国育种研究进展[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002:169-172.
[16]杨学举,卢桂芬.优质小麦重要性状的相关分析[J].麦类作物学报, 2001,21:35-37.
[17] Johnson V A. Genetics in Wheat protein quality and composition[J].Wheat Genet Symp,1973,4:547-566.
[18]李志敏,董中东.弱筋小麦农艺性状与籽粒蛋白质含量的相关性分析[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35:9805-9806.
[19]刘广田.普通小麦籽粒品质性状研究Ⅲ籽粒品质性状与农艺性状的相关[J].北京农业大学学报,1986:255-260.
[20]李宗智.不同小麦品种品质特性及其相关性的研究[J].中国农业科学,1990,23.
[21]陈生斗.中国小麦育种与产业化进展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:76-84.
[22]曹广才.华北小麦[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:223-243.