烟草野火病菌噬菌体的分离及盆栽防治试验
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摘要
为利用噬菌体来防治田间烟草野火病,从土壤中分离到烟草野火病菌噬菌体T-109和T-ZD,利用盆栽针刺接种和喷雾接种试验对噬菌体T-109和T-ZD的防治效果进行分析。结果表明:①在针刺接种试验中,先喷施噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液后接种处理对野火病菌109/ZD的防效分别为98.64%和96.68%;先喷施10~(-1)倍噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液后接种处理的防效分别为97.18%和95.12%。先接种野火病菌109/ZD后喷施噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液处理的防效分别为63.26%和8.47%;先接种野火病菌109/ZD后喷施10~(-1)倍噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液处理的防效分别为29.41%和5.42%。先喷施噬菌体后接种处理的防效优于先接种后喷施噬菌体处理。②在喷雾接种试验中,先喷施噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液后接种处理对野火病菌109/ZD的防效分别为27.32%和39.44%;先喷施10~(-1)倍噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液后接种处理的防效分别为-2.69%和56.05%。先接种野火病菌109/ZD后喷施噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液处理的防效分别为0.44%和36.06%,先接种野火病菌109/ZD后喷施10~(-1)倍噬菌体T-109/T-ZD原液处理的防效分别为28.23%和23.79%。先喷施噬菌体后接种处理与先接种后喷施噬菌体处理在防效上没有差异。
To control tobacco wildfire disease in fields, bacteriophages(T-109 and T-ZD) were isolated and purified from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 109 and ZD respectively. The control effects of T-109 and T-ZD on tobacco wildfire disease were analyzed by needle puncturing inoculation and spray inoculation in pot experiments. The results showed that: 1) In needle puncturing inoculation, the control efficiencies of spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD on P. syringae pv. tabaci reached 98.64% and 96.68%, respectively. The treatments of spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD showed a control efficiency of 97.18% and 95.12%,respectively, and those of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD were at 63.26% and 8.47%, respectively. The treatments of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD had an efficiency of 29.41% and 5.42%, respectively.The treatments of spraying bacteriophages first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci were better than those of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci first and then spraying bacteriophages. 2) In spraying inoculation, the control efficiencies of spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD on P. syringae pv. tabaci were 27.32% and 39.44%, respectively. The treatment efficiency of spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD were-2.69% and 56.05%, respectively. The treatment efficiency of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD were 0.44% and 36.06%, respectively. The treatments of inoculating P.syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD were 28.23% and 23.79%,respectively. No significant difference was found in the control efficiencies between the treatments of spraying bacteriophages first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci and the treatments of inoculating P. syringae pv.tabaci first and then spraying bacteriophages.
To control tobacco wildfire disease in fields, bacteriophages(T-109 and T-ZD) were isolated and purified from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 109 and ZD respectively. The control effects of T-109 and T-ZD on tobacco wildfire disease were analyzed by needle puncturing inoculation and spray inoculation in pot experiments. The results showed that: 1) In needle puncturing inoculation, the control efficiencies of spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD on P. syringae pv. tabaci reached 98.64% and 96.68%, respectively. The treatments of spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD showed a control efficiency of 97.18% and 95.12%,respectively, and those of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD were at 63.26% and 8.47%, respectively. The treatments of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD had an efficiency of 29.41% and 5.42%, respectively.The treatments of spraying bacteriophages first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci were better than those of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci first and then spraying bacteriophages. 2) In spraying inoculation, the control efficiencies of spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD on P. syringae pv. tabaci were 27.32% and 39.44%, respectively. The treatment efficiency of spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD were-2.69% and 56.05%, respectively. The treatment efficiency of inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying no-diluted T-109 or T-ZD were 0.44% and 36.06%, respectively. The treatments of inoculating P.syringae pv. tabaci 109 or ZD first and then spraying 10-fold diluted T-109 or T-ZD were 28.23% and 23.79%,respectively. No significant difference was found in the control efficiencies between the treatments of spraying bacteriophages first and then inoculating P. syringae pv. tabaci and the treatments of inoculating P. syringae pv.tabaci first and then spraying bacteriophages.
引文
[1]金雪菲.丁香假单胞菌Harpin蛋白诱导烟草抗野火病活性研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012.JIN Xuefei.Study on induced activity of tobacco resistance to Pseudornonas syringae pv.tabaci by Harpin protein from Pseudomonas syringae[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2012.
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[4]万秀清,郭兆奎,乔婵,等.PF7-5对烟草野火病的抑制及田间防治效果[J].烟草科技,2009(10):58-60.WAN Xiuqing,GUO Zhaokui,QIAO Chan,et al.Inhibition and field control effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF7-5 against Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2009(10):58-60.
[5]余静丹,史红艳,王丹,等.鲍曼不动杆菌噬菌体生物学特性的研究[J].微生物学杂志,2013,33(2):17-23.YU Jingdan,SHI Hongyan,WANG Dan,et al.Biologic characteristics of bacteriophages specific to Acinetobacter baumannii[J].Journal of Microbiology,2013,33(2):17-23.
[6]孙剑萍,孙宏伟,虞艳芳.黑龙江省烟草野火病菌生理小种鉴别寄主的筛选[J].烟草科技,2011(10):75-77.SUN Jianping,SUN Hongwei,YU Yanfang.Differential host screen for physiologic races of Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci in Heilongjiang[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2011(10):75-77.
[7]Nakayama N,Okumura M,Inoue K,et al.Abundance of bacteriophages of common heterotrophic bacteria in the floodwater of a Japanese paddy field[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,2007,53(5):595-605.
[8]苏靖芳,孙剑萍,顾刚,等.烈性青枯雷尔氏菌噬菌体的分离与生物学特性分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(10):16-21.SU Jingfang,SUN Jianping,GU Gang,et al.Isolation and biological characterization of virulent phage infecting Ralstonia solanacearum[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(10):16-21.
[9]路荣,顾敬敏,刘晓贺,等.NDM-1肺炎克雷伯菌裂解性噬菌体的分离鉴定及其对小鼠菌血症的治疗研究[J].中国兽医学报,2012,32(12):1747-1751.LU Rong,GU Jingmin,LIU Xiaohe,et al.Using lytic bacteriophage to control murine bacteremia caused by NDM-l-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain BAA-2146[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2012,32(12):1747-1751.
[10]余静丹.鲍曼不动杆菌噬菌体的分离鉴定及生物学特性的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.YU Jingdan.Isolation,characterization and biological features of lytic bacteriophages infecting Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[11]王丹.阴沟肠杆菌噬菌体的分离鉴定及生物学特性的初步研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.WANG Dan.Preliminary research on isolation and biological characteristics of a lytic bacteriophage against Enterobacter cloacae[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[12]GB/T 23222-2008烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].GB/T 23222-2008 Grade and investigation method of tobacco diseases and insect pests[S].
[2]孙宏伟,元野,杨晓敏,等.烟草野火病拮抗生防菌的筛选、鉴定与应用[J].烟草科技,2012(8):84-88.SUN Hongwei,YUAN Ye,YANG Xiaomin,et al.Screening,identification and application of antagonistic bacteria against tobacco wildfire disease[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2012(8):84-88.
[3]刘宇帅,张淑梅,曹旭,等.烟草野火病与角斑病生防菌株的筛选[J].黑龙江科学,2016,7(12):11-13.LIU Yushuai,ZHANG Shumei,CAO Xu,et al.Screening of tobacco wildfire and angular leaf spot biocontrol strain[J].Heilongjiang Science,2016,7(12):11-13.
[4]万秀清,郭兆奎,乔婵,等.PF7-5对烟草野火病的抑制及田间防治效果[J].烟草科技,2009(10):58-60.WAN Xiuqing,GUO Zhaokui,QIAO Chan,et al.Inhibition and field control effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF7-5 against Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2009(10):58-60.
[5]余静丹,史红艳,王丹,等.鲍曼不动杆菌噬菌体生物学特性的研究[J].微生物学杂志,2013,33(2):17-23.YU Jingdan,SHI Hongyan,WANG Dan,et al.Biologic characteristics of bacteriophages specific to Acinetobacter baumannii[J].Journal of Microbiology,2013,33(2):17-23.
[6]孙剑萍,孙宏伟,虞艳芳.黑龙江省烟草野火病菌生理小种鉴别寄主的筛选[J].烟草科技,2011(10):75-77.SUN Jianping,SUN Hongwei,YU Yanfang.Differential host screen for physiologic races of Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci in Heilongjiang[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2011(10):75-77.
[7]Nakayama N,Okumura M,Inoue K,et al.Abundance of bacteriophages of common heterotrophic bacteria in the floodwater of a Japanese paddy field[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,2007,53(5):595-605.
[8]苏靖芳,孙剑萍,顾刚,等.烈性青枯雷尔氏菌噬菌体的分离与生物学特性分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(10):16-21.SU Jingfang,SUN Jianping,GU Gang,et al.Isolation and biological characterization of virulent phage infecting Ralstonia solanacearum[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(10):16-21.
[9]路荣,顾敬敏,刘晓贺,等.NDM-1肺炎克雷伯菌裂解性噬菌体的分离鉴定及其对小鼠菌血症的治疗研究[J].中国兽医学报,2012,32(12):1747-1751.LU Rong,GU Jingmin,LIU Xiaohe,et al.Using lytic bacteriophage to control murine bacteremia caused by NDM-l-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain BAA-2146[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2012,32(12):1747-1751.
[10]余静丹.鲍曼不动杆菌噬菌体的分离鉴定及生物学特性的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.YU Jingdan.Isolation,characterization and biological features of lytic bacteriophages infecting Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[11]王丹.阴沟肠杆菌噬菌体的分离鉴定及生物学特性的初步研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.WANG Dan.Preliminary research on isolation and biological characteristics of a lytic bacteriophage against Enterobacter cloacae[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013.
[12]GB/T 23222-2008烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].GB/T 23222-2008 Grade and investigation method of tobacco diseases and insect pests[S].