西部生态环境脆弱区地下水水化学特征分析
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摘要
为了评价榆神矿区和神府矿区地下水水化学特征与演化规律,在研究区采集了53组地下水样品并进行检测,通过计算阴阳离子贡献率、不同离子的相关系数、Na~+与Cl~-毫克当量比值,绘制不同含水层地下水Piper三线图、Gibbs分布图,分析了地下水离子特征和水化学特征。分析发现,研究区地下水均为弱碱性水;受蒸发作用影响,溶解度较小的Ca~(2+)相继析出,是地下水离子贡献率最高的阳离子;马兰黄土地下水的TDS含量最低,冲洪积含水层地下水TDS含量最高;总硬度从风沙滩地向黄土区逐渐增高;Ca~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)与TDS呈极高相关性;地下水化学特征主要受水-岩作用控制,风沙滩地区地下水以HCO_3类水为主,黄土梁峁区为HCO_3·SO_4类水。
In order to evaluate thehydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater in Yushen mining area and Shenfu mining area,53 samples of groundwater of the researched area were collected and tested.It calculated the contribution rates of cations and anions,correlation coefficient matrix method,piper trilinear diagram,Gibbs distribution graph and milligram equivalent ration with Na~+and Cl~-by mathematical statistics.It analyzed the characteristics of groundwater ion and hydrochemical characteristics and drew the isogram of groundwater hardness in the area and zoning map of hydrochemical type.The results show that the groundwater in the area is weak alkaline water.The less solubility of Ca~(2+)is precipitated out,which is affected by evaporation,is the highest contribution rate.The groundwater TDS content of Malan loess is the lowest and the groundwater TDS in the blunt pluvial aquifer is the highest.The total hardness increases gradually from the blownsand region to the loess area.Ca~(2+)and SO_4~(2-)are highly correlation with TDS.Groundwater hydrochemical characteristics are mainly controlled by water-rock interaction,the groundwater is dominated by HCO_3water in the blown-sand region and it is dominated by HCO_3·SO_4water in loess ridge-hilly area.
In order to evaluate thehydrochemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater in Yushen mining area and Shenfu mining area,53 samples of groundwater of the researched area were collected and tested.It calculated the contribution rates of cations and anions,correlation coefficient matrix method,piper trilinear diagram,Gibbs distribution graph and milligram equivalent ration with Na~+and Cl~-by mathematical statistics.It analyzed the characteristics of groundwater ion and hydrochemical characteristics and drew the isogram of groundwater hardness in the area and zoning map of hydrochemical type.The results show that the groundwater in the area is weak alkaline water.The less solubility of Ca~(2+)is precipitated out,which is affected by evaporation,is the highest contribution rate.The groundwater TDS content of Malan loess is the lowest and the groundwater TDS in the blunt pluvial aquifer is the highest.The total hardness increases gradually from the blownsand region to the loess area.Ca~(2+)and SO_4~(2-)are highly correlation with TDS.Groundwater hydrochemical characteristics are mainly controlled by water-rock interaction,the groundwater is dominated by HCO_3water in the blown-sand region and it is dominated by HCO_3·SO_4water in loess ridge-hilly area.
引文
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[2]张发旺,赵红梅,宋亚新,等.神府东胜矿区采煤塌陷对水环境影响效应研究[J].地球学报,2007,28(6):521-527.
[3]范立民.论保水采煤问题[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(5):50-53.
[4]范立民,马雄德,冀瑞君.西部生态脆弱矿区保水采煤研究与实践进展[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(8):1711-1717.
[5]范立民,向茂西,彭捷,等.西部生态脆弱矿区地下水对高强度采煤的响应[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(11):2672-2678.
[6]范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):27-35.
[7]蒋泽泉.神府矿区地下水环境质量评价[J].陕西煤炭技术,2000(1):10-12.
[8]武强,安永会,刘文岗,等.神府东胜矿区水土环境问题及其调控技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(3):54-57.
[9]孙恺,邢高哲.神府矿区地下水水质时空变化及其影响因素分析[J].地下水,2015,37(2):20-24.
[10]李琦,王文科,付格娟.陕北风沙滩地区浅层地下水水质调查与评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(12):94-100.
[11]贺帅军,李云锋,张茂省,等.陕北能源化工基地潜水易污性评价[J].地质通报,2008,27(8):1186-1191.
[12]张茂省,董英,杜荣军,等.陕北能源化工基地采煤对地下水资源的影响及对策[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):235-248.
[13]徐友宁,李智佩,陈华清,等.生态环境脆弱区煤炭资源开发诱发的环境地质问题:以陕西省神木县大柳塔煤矿区为例[J].地质通报,2008,27(8):1344-1350.
[14]徐友宁,陈社斌,陈华清,等.大柳塔煤矿开发土壤重金属污染响应研究[J].中国矿业,2007,16(7):47-50.
[15]王宝春,贾涛,刚什婷,等.蛤蟆通流域浅层地下水水文地球化学特征分析[J].人民长江,2017,48(16):43-48.
[16] GIBBS R J. Mechanisms Controlling World Water Chemistry[J].Science,1970,170:1088-1090.
[17]章光新,邓伟,何岩,等.中国东北松嫩平原地下水水化学特征与演变规律[J].水科学进展,2006,17(1):20-28.
[18]姜体胜,曲辞晓,王明玉,等.北京平谷平原区浅层地下水化学特征及成因分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):122-127.
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