基于车辆变道影响的城市路段交通流模型研究
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摘要
为寻找车辆变道特性与目标车道交通流速度之间的变化规律,以车辆变道模型和路阻函数(BPR)模型为理论基础,以城市道路单向相邻两个车道为研究对象,分析了变道车辆与目标车道前、后车的最小安全距离和变道时间,并针对最小安全距离的3种组合情形,确定了变道影响时间。基于实测数据,建立了车辆从车道3变道至车道2时,对车道2车流的速度影响模型。研究结果表明:变道时间阈值与变道车辆与目标车道后车速度的差值呈现单调递增的变化趋势,与目标车道后车加速度呈现单调递增的规律;受变道影响的目标车道车流速度与相邻两车道的流量和变道加速度密切相关;当变道车辆所在车道的流量为500～600pcu/h且目标车道流量为0～500pcu/h时,或者当变道车辆所在车道的流量为100～300pcu/h且目标车道流量为1 000～1 500pcu/h时,车辆变道对目标车道车流速度的影响幅度较大;变道车辆的加速度越小,由变道引起的目标车道车流速度的变化幅度越大,反之,则越小;当变道车辆的加速度为0.1～2.0m/s2时,变道对目标车道的车流速度影响较大。
In order to find the change rule between the vehicle lane changing characteristics and the traffic flow speed of the target lane,the minimum safe distance and lane changing time between lane changing vehicles and the front and rear vehicles of the target lane were analyzed on the basis of the theory of vehicle lane change model and Bureau of Public Road(BPR)function model,taking two adjacent lanes of urban road as the research object.Also,for the 3 kinds of combinations of minimum safe distance,the influence time of lane change was determined.Based on the measured data,a model to describe the affected traffic speed on lane 2 was established when the vehicle changed lane from lane 3 to lane 2.The research results show that the time thresholds of lane changing and the speed difference between lane changing vehicle and target lane show a monotonic increasing trend,which shows a monotonous increasing law with acceleration;the traffic flow velocity of the target lane affected by the lane change is closely related with the flow rate of the adjacent two lanes and the acceleration of lane change vehicle.First of all,when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane-changing vehicles runs is between 500 to 600 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 0 to 500 pcu/h or when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane-changing vehicles runs is between 100 to 300 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 1 000 to 1 500 pcu/h,the behavior of vehicle lane changing has a greater impact on the speed of traffic flow in the target lane.Secondly,when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is smaller,the variation of vehicle speed in the target lane due to lane change is greater;on the contrary,the smaller it is.Finally,when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is 0.1～2.0 m/s2,the influence on the traffic speed of the target lane is greater.The influence is more seriously than others.
In order to find the change rule between the vehicle lane changing characteristics and the traffic flow speed of the target lane,the minimum safe distance and lane changing time between lane changing vehicles and the front and rear vehicles of the target lane were analyzed on the basis of the theory of vehicle lane change model and Bureau of Public Road(BPR)function model,taking two adjacent lanes of urban road as the research object.Also,for the 3 kinds of combinations of minimum safe distance,the influence time of lane change was determined.Based on the measured data,a model to describe the affected traffic speed on lane 2 was established when the vehicle changed lane from lane 3 to lane 2.The research results show that the time thresholds of lane changing and the speed difference between lane changing vehicle and target lane show a monotonic increasing trend,which shows a monotonous increasing law with acceleration;the traffic flow velocity of the target lane affected by the lane change is closely related with the flow rate of the adjacent two lanes and the acceleration of lane change vehicle.First of all,when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane-changing vehicles runs is between 500 to 600 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 0 to 500 pcu/h or when the traffic volume of the lane where the lane-changing vehicles runs is between 100 to 300 pcu/h and the traffic volume of the target lane is between 1 000 to 1 500 pcu/h,the behavior of vehicle lane changing has a greater impact on the speed of traffic flow in the target lane.Secondly,when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is smaller,the variation of vehicle speed in the target lane due to lane change is greater;on the contrary,the smaller it is.Finally,when the acceleration of the lane change vehicle is 0.1～2.0 m/s2,the influence on the traffic speed of the target lane is greater.The influence is more seriously than others.
引文
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[16]邓社军,叶哓飞,陈峻.路外停车驶入对出入口交通流影响模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(3):101-107.DENG Shejun,YE Xiaofei,CHEN Jun.A model to describe the influence of the traffic flow on the main road due to off-street parking at the section of access[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(3):101-107.
[17]邓社军.路外停车驶入对停车场出入口路段影响特性分析与模型研究[D].南京:东南大学,2014.DENG Shejun.Dynamic Traffic Impact Analysis Theory and Optimization Method for off-street Parking[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2014.
[2]NAGEL K,SCHRECKENBER M.A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic[J].Journal de Physique I,1992,2(12):2221-2229.
[3]华雪东,王炜,王昊.考虑驾驶心理的城市双车道交通流元胞自动机模型[J].物理学报,2011,(60)8:084502/1-084502/8.HUA Xuedong,WANG Wei,WANG Hao.A two-lane cellular automaton traffic flow model with the influence of driving psychology[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2011,(60)8:084502/1-084502/8.
[4]王昊,刘振全,张志学,等.考虑双前导车的跟驰与换道联合模型[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,45(5):985-989.WANG Hao,LIU Zhenquan,ZHANG Zhixue,et al.Double-head carfollowing and lane-changing combined model[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2015,45(5):985-989.
[5]敬明,邓卫,王昊,等.基于跟车行为的双车道交通流元胞自动机模型[J].物理学报,2012,61(24):244502/1-244502/9.JING Ming,DENG Wei,WANG Hao,et al.Two-lane cellular automaton traffic model based on car following behavior[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(24):244502/1-244502/9.
[6]魏丽英,吴荣华,王志龙,等.基于混合交通流的车辆换道行为[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2014,44(5):1321-1326.WEI Liying,WU Ronghua.,WANG Zhilong,et al.Lane-changing behavior based on mixed traffic flow[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2014,44(5):1321-1326.
[7]OH S,YEO H.Impact of stop-and-go waves and lane changes on dischargerate in recovery flow[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2015,77:88-102.
[8]徐慧智,程国柱,裴玉龙.车道变换行为对交通流运行速度影响的研究[J].中国科技论文在线,2010,5(10):754-762.XU Huizhi,CHENG Guozhu,PEI Yulong.Study on effect of lanechanging behavioral characteristic to velocity[J].Science Paper Online,2010,5(10):754-762.
[9]禹伟.车道变换与交通拥挤致因关系的研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.YU Wei.Research on the Relationship between Lane-Changing and Traffic Congestion[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.
[10]王茉莉.车辆换道行为对交通流影响分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2016.WANG Moli.Analysis of the Influence of Vehicle Lane-Changing Behavior on Traffic Flow[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2016.
[11]BUTAKOVV A,IOANNOU P.Personalized driver/vehicle lane change models for ADAS[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2015,64(10):4422-4431.
[12]TALEBPOUR A,MAHMASSANI H S,HAMDAR S H.Modeling lane-changing behavior in a connected environment:A game theory approach[J].Transportation Research Procedia,2015,7:420-440.
[13]郭文莲.城市道路车辆变道安全距离模型研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2009.GUO Wenlian.Study on Lane Changing Safety Spacing Model of the Urban Road[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science and Technology,2009.
[14]徐锦强,陈竹师,丁艺.基于驾驶行为的车道变换模型研究及仿真[J].华东交通大学学报.2011,28(6):68-72.XU Jinqiang,CHEN Zhushi,DING Yi.A model study and simulation of lane changing based on driving behaviors[J].Journal of East China Jiaotong University,2011,28(6):68-72.
[15]许伦辉,倪艳明,罗强,等.基于最小安全距离的车辆换道模型研究[J].广西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,29(4):1-6.XU Lunhui,NI Yanming,LUO Qiang,et al.Lane change model based on minimum safety distance[J].Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2011,29(4):1-6.
[16]邓社军,叶哓飞,陈峻.路外停车驶入对出入口交通流影响模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(3):101-107.DENG Shejun,YE Xiaofei,CHEN Jun.A model to describe the influence of the traffic flow on the main road due to off-street parking at the section of access[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(3):101-107.
[17]邓社军.路外停车驶入对停车场出入口路段影响特性分析与模型研究[D].南京:东南大学,2014.DENG Shejun.Dynamic Traffic Impact Analysis Theory and Optimization Method for off-street Parking[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2014.
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