气体流速对PM2.5浓度实时测量值的影响
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摘要
为考察气体流速对细颗粒物浓度检测仪测量结果的影响,更真实、准确地评价PM2. 5的污染状况,同时兼顾传统检测仪利用风扇控制采样气体气流不平稳定且易受环境影响的特点,在试验舱环境下,通过直流稳定电源控制气泵转速的方法,对PM2. 5测量值与气体流速的关系进行试验研究。该试验采用基于激光散射法的PM2. 5颗粒物检测仪。激光散射法与称重法、微量振荡天平法、β射线法、压电晶体法等传统测量方法相比,以其具有实时测量、准确性高和重复性好等特点而被广泛应用。试验结果表明:气体流速变化对PM2. 5实时测量值有影响,且影响程度与当前PM2. 5浓度有关。当前PM2. 5浓度越大,PM2. 5测量值对气体流速的波动越敏感。因此,研究气体流速对PM2. 5浓度实时测量值的影响规律,对于评价颗粒物检测仪精度具有实际意义,为提高颗粒物检测仪精度提供了参考。
In order to investigate the influence of gas flow rate on the measurement results of concentration detector for fine particles,and to evaluate the pollution status of PM2. 5 more truly and accurately,and to take into account the characteristics of the traditional detector that the sampled gas flow rate is not stable and susceptible to environmental impact,a method of controlling the speed of air pump by DC stabilized power supply under the environment of test chamber is proposed,to study the relationship of the measurements of PM2. 5 and the gas flow rate. The PM2. 5 particulate detector based on laser scattering method is used in this experiment. Compared with traditional measurement methods such as weighing method,micro-oscillating balance method,βray method and piezoelectric crystal method,the laser scattering method is widely used because of its real-time performance,high accuracy and good repeatability. The experimental results show that the change of gas flow rate affects the real-time measurements of PM2. 5,and the degree of influence is related to the current PM2. 5 concentration. The greater the current PM2. 5 concentration,the more sensitive the PM2. 5 measurement value is to the fluctuation of gas flow rate. Therefore,it is of practical significance to study the influence of gas flow rate on the real-time measurement of PM2. 5 concentration for evaluating the accuracy of particle detector and providing a reference for improving the accuracy of particle detector.
In order to investigate the influence of gas flow rate on the measurement results of concentration detector for fine particles,and to evaluate the pollution status of PM2. 5 more truly and accurately,and to take into account the characteristics of the traditional detector that the sampled gas flow rate is not stable and susceptible to environmental impact,a method of controlling the speed of air pump by DC stabilized power supply under the environment of test chamber is proposed,to study the relationship of the measurements of PM2. 5 and the gas flow rate. The PM2. 5 particulate detector based on laser scattering method is used in this experiment. Compared with traditional measurement methods such as weighing method,micro-oscillating balance method,βray method and piezoelectric crystal method,the laser scattering method is widely used because of its real-time performance,high accuracy and good repeatability. The experimental results show that the change of gas flow rate affects the real-time measurements of PM2. 5,and the degree of influence is related to the current PM2. 5 concentration. The greater the current PM2. 5 concentration,the more sensitive the PM2. 5 measurement value is to the fluctuation of gas flow rate. Therefore,it is of practical significance to study the influence of gas flow rate on the real-time measurement of PM2. 5 concentration for evaluating the accuracy of particle detector and providing a reference for improving the accuracy of particle detector.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国环境保护部.环境空气质量标准:GB 3095-2012[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012:2-3.
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[4]范扬,土少康,连大帅,等.我国PM2.5质量浓度测定研究进展[J].预防医学论坛,2015,26(9):697-699.
[5]章燕,冯智田,秦红梅,等.PM2.5浓度重量法与光散射法测定结果比较分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(6):840-842.
[6]国家室内环境与室内环保产品质量监督检验中心.空气净化器去除颗粒物PM2.5检测方法技术规范:GSH/J 2011-1[S].北京:国家室内环境与室内环保产品质量监督检验中心,2011.
[7]张元茂,郑叶飞.β射线衰减法与微量振荡天平法测定PM10的比较[J].环境监测管理与技术,2002,14(4):21-23.
[8]只茂群.环境空气可吸入颗粒物PM10连续自动监测仪TEOM微量震荡天平法与Beta射线法测定中相关问题的分析与探讨[J].科技信息:学术研究,2007,26(25):45-46.
[9]杨兴川,赵文吉,熊秋林,等.2016年京津冀地区PM2.5时空分布特征及其与气象因素的关系[J].生态环境学报,2017,16(10):1747-1754..
[10]CHEN A,WATSON J G,CHOW J C.Wintertime particulate pollution episodes in an urban valley of the western US[J].A case study,21(21):10051-10064.
[11]XU W Y,ZHAO C S,RAN L.Characteristics of pollutants and their correlation to meteorological conditions atsuburban site in the North China Plain[J].Atmospheric Chemisory and Physics,2011,11(3):4353-4369.
[12]况彩菱,尚闽.相对湿度对室内PM2.5实时测量值的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(1):107-111.
[13]王吉洋,陈艳华.基于统计分布的兰州市大气污染与风速之间的关系研究[J].经济研究导刊,2017(3):149-153.
[14]王自亮,赵恩标,吕银庄.粉尘浓度光散射测量影响因素的分析[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(6):1-4.
[2]HO K F,HO S H,HUANG R J,et al.Chemical composition and bioreactivity of PM2.5 during 2013 haze events in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2016(126):162-170.
[3]钟现奎.基于光散射法的大气气溶胶粒径测量关键技术的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
[4]范扬,土少康,连大帅,等.我国PM2.5质量浓度测定研究进展[J].预防医学论坛,2015,26(9):697-699.
[5]章燕,冯智田,秦红梅,等.PM2.5浓度重量法与光散射法测定结果比较分析[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(6):840-842.
[6]国家室内环境与室内环保产品质量监督检验中心.空气净化器去除颗粒物PM2.5检测方法技术规范:GSH/J 2011-1[S].北京:国家室内环境与室内环保产品质量监督检验中心,2011.
[7]张元茂,郑叶飞.β射线衰减法与微量振荡天平法测定PM10的比较[J].环境监测管理与技术,2002,14(4):21-23.
[8]只茂群.环境空气可吸入颗粒物PM10连续自动监测仪TEOM微量震荡天平法与Beta射线法测定中相关问题的分析与探讨[J].科技信息:学术研究,2007,26(25):45-46.
[9]杨兴川,赵文吉,熊秋林,等.2016年京津冀地区PM2.5时空分布特征及其与气象因素的关系[J].生态环境学报,2017,16(10):1747-1754..
[10]CHEN A,WATSON J G,CHOW J C.Wintertime particulate pollution episodes in an urban valley of the western US[J].A case study,21(21):10051-10064.
[11]XU W Y,ZHAO C S,RAN L.Characteristics of pollutants and their correlation to meteorological conditions atsuburban site in the North China Plain[J].Atmospheric Chemisory and Physics,2011,11(3):4353-4369.
[12]况彩菱,尚闽.相对湿度对室内PM2.5实时测量值的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(1):107-111.
[13]王吉洋,陈艳华.基于统计分布的兰州市大气污染与风速之间的关系研究[J].经济研究导刊,2017(3):149-153.
[14]王自亮,赵恩标,吕银庄.粉尘浓度光散射测量影响因素的分析[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(6):1-4.