网格尺寸对碳纤维丝束风力发电机叶片融冰效果的影响研究
|
摘要
基于碳纤维材料优良的电热性能,针对碳纤维复合材料在风力机叶片的电热防冰/除冰技术研究现状,提出基于T3001K碳纤维丝束的风力发电机叶片防冰/除冰的方法。制作包含保护层、基层和发热层3层结构的碳纤维发热元件。在多功能人工气候实验室测试碳纤维发热元件的融冰性能。采用数值计算法研究碳纤维发热元件融冰过程中的表面温升特性。结果表明:碳纤维发热元件具有优良的融冰性能,较传统电热除冰方法具有质量轻、电阻稳定性较好、发热均匀性良好等优点;网格尺寸越大,发热元件的发热均匀性越差;相同的加热功率密度条件下,网格尺寸对发热元件的融冰效果影响较小。
Based on the excellent electrothermal properties of carbon fiber materials and the research status of electrothermal anti icing and deicing technology of carbon fiber composite in wind turbine blade, this paper presented a method of anti-icing and deicing of wind turbine blades based on T300 1 K carbon fiber tow. Four carbon fiber heating elements including three layers of protective layer, base layer and heating layer were fabricated. The ice melting properties of the elements were tested in an artificial climate laboratory. The ice melting effect was studied by numerical method. The results show: the elements have excellent ice melting property,good resistance stability and good heating uniformity; under the same conditions of heating power, the mesh size has little influence on the ice melting effect of the heating element.
Based on the excellent electrothermal properties of carbon fiber materials and the research status of electrothermal anti icing and deicing technology of carbon fiber composite in wind turbine blade, this paper presented a method of anti-icing and deicing of wind turbine blades based on T300 1 K carbon fiber tow. Four carbon fiber heating elements including three layers of protective layer, base layer and heating layer were fabricated. The ice melting properties of the elements were tested in an artificial climate laboratory. The ice melting effect was studied by numerical method. The results show: the elements have excellent ice melting property,good resistance stability and good heating uniformity; under the same conditions of heating power, the mesh size has little influence on the ice melting effect of the heating element.
引文
[1]王聪,黄洁亭,张勇,等.风电机组叶片结冰研究现状与进展[J].电力建设,2014,35(2):70-75.Wang Cong,Huang Jieting,Zhang Yong,et al.Status and advance in research on blade icing of wind turbines[J].Power Construction,2014,35(2):70-75(in Chinese).
[2]雷利斌.基于LabVIEW的风力机叶片除冰系统研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014.Lei Libin.Research on de-icing system for wind turbine blades on LabVIEW[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2014(in Chinese).
[3]王义进.风机叶片防覆冰技术研究[J].机电信息,2011(9):91,127.Wang Yijin.Research of wind turbine blade anti-icing technology[J].Mechanical and ElectricalInformation,2011(9):91,127(in Chinese).
[4]Parent O,Ilinca A.Anti-icing and de-icing techniques for wind turbines:critical review[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2011,65(1):88-96.
[5]Mayer C,Ilinca A,Fortin G,et al.Wind tunnel study of the electro-thermal de-icing of wind turbine blades[C]//Proceedings of the Seventeenth(2007)International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.Lisbon,Portugal:ISOPE,2007:182-188.
[6]舒立春,李瀚涛,胡琴,等.自然环境叶片覆冰程度对风力机功率损失的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(18):5599-5605.Shu Lichun,Li Hantao,Hu Qin,et al.Effects of ice degree of blades on power losses of wind turbines at natural environments[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(18):5599-5605(in Chinese).
[7]许斌,于静梅.基于电加热法的自控型防冰除冰叶片结构研究[J].应用能源技术,2012(12):44-46.Xu Bin,Yu Jingmei.Research of the auto control anti-icing and de-icing wind turbine blade base on electro thermal technique[J].Applied Energy Technology,2012(12):44-46(in Chinese).
[8]Jasinski W J,Noe S C,Selig M C,et al.Wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Journal of Solar Energy Engineering,1998,120(1):60-65.
[9]舒立春,戚家浩,胡琴,等.风机叶片电加热防冰模型及分区防冰方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1448-1454.Shu Lichun,Qi Jiahao,Hu Qin,et al.Anti-icing model and sectionalized anti-icing method by electrical heating for wind turbine blades[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1448-1454(in Chinese).
[10]庄恒东,黄辉秀,徐阳,等.风机叶片防冰、除冰方案探讨[J].科技创新导报,2013(22):97-98.Zhuang Hengdong,Huang Huixiu,Xu Yang,et al.Study on fan blade anti icing and deicing scheme[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2013(22):97-98(in Chinese).
[11]Lamraoui F,Fortin G,Benoit R,et al.Atmospheric icing impact on wind turbine production[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,100(4):36-49.
[12]胡琴,杨秀余,梅冰笑,等.风力发电机叶片临界防冰与融冰功率密度分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4997-5002.Hu Qin,Yang Xiuyu,Mei Bingxiao,et al.Analysis of threshold power density for anti-icing and de-icing of wind turbine blade[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4997-5002(in Chinese).
[13]黄泽翠,代君.碳纤维市场现状和前景分析[J].精细与专用化学品,2016(7):13-15.Huang Zecui,Dai Jun.Market situation and prospect analysis of carbon fiber[J].Fine and Specialty Chemicals,2016(7):13-15(in Chinese).
[14]沈真.碳纤维复合材料在飞机结构中的应用[J].高科技纤维与应用,2010,35(4):1-4.Shen Zhen.Application of carbon fiber composites in aircraft structures[J].High-Tech Fiber&Application,2010,35(4):1-4(in Chinese).
[15]唐祖全,李卓球,侯作富,等.导电混凝土融雪化冰机理分析[J].混凝土,2001(7):8-11.Tang Zuquan,Li Zhuoqiu,Hou Zuofu,et al.Mechanisms of snow-melting and ice-melting of conductive concrete[J].Concrete,2001(7):8-11(in Chinese).
[16]Yang T,Yang Z J,Singla M,et al.Experimental study on carbon fiber tape-based deicing technology[J].Journal of Co1d Regions Engineering,2011,26(2):55-70.
[17]秦臻.传热学理论及应用研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2016.Qin Zhen.Heat transfer theory and application[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2016(in Chinese).
[18]刘中良,马重芳,孙旋.相变潜热随温度变化对固-液相变过程的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(1):53-57.Liu Zhongliang,Ma Chongfang,Sun Xuan.The influences of latent heat variation with temperature on solid liquid phase change processes[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2003,24(1):53-57(in Chinese).
[19]Scavuzzo R J,Chu M L.Structural properties of impact ices accreted on aircraft structures[R].United States:NASA,1987.
[20]Shin J,Berkowitz B.Prediction of ice shapes and their effect on airfoil drag[J].Journal of Aircraft,1994,31(31):263-270.
[21]Jeck R K.A history and interpretation of aircraft icing intensity definitions and FAA rules for operating in icing conditions[R].Atlantic:Federal Aviation Administration Atlantic City NJ Airport and Aircraft Safety Research and Development,2001.
[22]任晓凯.小型风力发电机叶片覆冰的气动力学特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.Ren Xiaokai.Study on the aerodynamic characteristics of small wind turbine blade icing[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016(in Chinese).
[2]雷利斌.基于LabVIEW的风力机叶片除冰系统研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014.Lei Libin.Research on de-icing system for wind turbine blades on LabVIEW[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2014(in Chinese).
[3]王义进.风机叶片防覆冰技术研究[J].机电信息,2011(9):91,127.Wang Yijin.Research of wind turbine blade anti-icing technology[J].Mechanical and ElectricalInformation,2011(9):91,127(in Chinese).
[4]Parent O,Ilinca A.Anti-icing and de-icing techniques for wind turbines:critical review[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2011,65(1):88-96.
[5]Mayer C,Ilinca A,Fortin G,et al.Wind tunnel study of the electro-thermal de-icing of wind turbine blades[C]//Proceedings of the Seventeenth(2007)International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.Lisbon,Portugal:ISOPE,2007:182-188.
[6]舒立春,李瀚涛,胡琴,等.自然环境叶片覆冰程度对风力机功率损失的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(18):5599-5605.Shu Lichun,Li Hantao,Hu Qin,et al.Effects of ice degree of blades on power losses of wind turbines at natural environments[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(18):5599-5605(in Chinese).
[7]许斌,于静梅.基于电加热法的自控型防冰除冰叶片结构研究[J].应用能源技术,2012(12):44-46.Xu Bin,Yu Jingmei.Research of the auto control anti-icing and de-icing wind turbine blade base on electro thermal technique[J].Applied Energy Technology,2012(12):44-46(in Chinese).
[8]Jasinski W J,Noe S C,Selig M C,et al.Wind turbine performance under icing conditions[J].Journal of Solar Energy Engineering,1998,120(1):60-65.
[9]舒立春,戚家浩,胡琴,等.风机叶片电加热防冰模型及分区防冰方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1448-1454.Shu Lichun,Qi Jiahao,Hu Qin,et al.Anti-icing model and sectionalized anti-icing method by electrical heating for wind turbine blades[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1448-1454(in Chinese).
[10]庄恒东,黄辉秀,徐阳,等.风机叶片防冰、除冰方案探讨[J].科技创新导报,2013(22):97-98.Zhuang Hengdong,Huang Huixiu,Xu Yang,et al.Study on fan blade anti icing and deicing scheme[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2013(22):97-98(in Chinese).
[11]Lamraoui F,Fortin G,Benoit R,et al.Atmospheric icing impact on wind turbine production[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2014,100(4):36-49.
[12]胡琴,杨秀余,梅冰笑,等.风力发电机叶片临界防冰与融冰功率密度分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4997-5002.Hu Qin,Yang Xiuyu,Mei Bingxiao,et al.Analysis of threshold power density for anti-icing and de-icing of wind turbine blade[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4997-5002(in Chinese).
[13]黄泽翠,代君.碳纤维市场现状和前景分析[J].精细与专用化学品,2016(7):13-15.Huang Zecui,Dai Jun.Market situation and prospect analysis of carbon fiber[J].Fine and Specialty Chemicals,2016(7):13-15(in Chinese).
[14]沈真.碳纤维复合材料在飞机结构中的应用[J].高科技纤维与应用,2010,35(4):1-4.Shen Zhen.Application of carbon fiber composites in aircraft structures[J].High-Tech Fiber&Application,2010,35(4):1-4(in Chinese).
[15]唐祖全,李卓球,侯作富,等.导电混凝土融雪化冰机理分析[J].混凝土,2001(7):8-11.Tang Zuquan,Li Zhuoqiu,Hou Zuofu,et al.Mechanisms of snow-melting and ice-melting of conductive concrete[J].Concrete,2001(7):8-11(in Chinese).
[16]Yang T,Yang Z J,Singla M,et al.Experimental study on carbon fiber tape-based deicing technology[J].Journal of Co1d Regions Engineering,2011,26(2):55-70.
[17]秦臻.传热学理论及应用研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2016.Qin Zhen.Heat transfer theory and application[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2016(in Chinese).
[18]刘中良,马重芳,孙旋.相变潜热随温度变化对固-液相变过程的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(1):53-57.Liu Zhongliang,Ma Chongfang,Sun Xuan.The influences of latent heat variation with temperature on solid liquid phase change processes[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2003,24(1):53-57(in Chinese).
[19]Scavuzzo R J,Chu M L.Structural properties of impact ices accreted on aircraft structures[R].United States:NASA,1987.
[20]Shin J,Berkowitz B.Prediction of ice shapes and their effect on airfoil drag[J].Journal of Aircraft,1994,31(31):263-270.
[21]Jeck R K.A history and interpretation of aircraft icing intensity definitions and FAA rules for operating in icing conditions[R].Atlantic:Federal Aviation Administration Atlantic City NJ Airport and Aircraft Safety Research and Development,2001.
[22]任晓凯.小型风力发电机叶片覆冰的气动力学特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016.Ren Xiaokai.Study on the aerodynamic characteristics of small wind turbine blade icing[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016(in Chinese).
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |