氧还原反应前沿与进展
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摘要
主要介绍氧还原反应的研究意义、反应机理以及研究现状。氧还原反应作为燃料电池的阴极反应,其能否高效进行将直接影响燃料电池的转化效率。目前,氧还原反应的反应机制仍存在较大争议,包括活性位点及反应步骤等。商业碳载铂虽然活性很高,然而其在实际应用中却会受到多方面限制。本文着重介绍了近些年报道的非金属及非贵金属催化剂。非金属及非贵金属催化剂在自然界中资源丰富、价格低廉、制备简单、导电性及稳定性良好,且不会被小分子毒化。所以,对非金属及非贵金属材料的氧还原研究可为新型能源装置的应用提供参考。
In this critical review, we summarized recent novel electrocatalysts on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).ORR acted as a reaction on cathode in fuel cell. How ORR proceed would directly influence the efficiency of the fuel cell, so that developments of catalysts toward ORR with an advanced activity become highly desirable. Among all the catalysts, the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C cannot meet the practical application, due to various limitations. Nonmetallic material and non-precious metallic materials were studied in recent years. These materials were considered to be a potential choice to provide a good conductivity with a cost-effective and abundant resource in nature.Additionally, a good stability as well as an excellent tolerance toward to the small molecules makes them a perfect candidate for ORR. The development of novel composites to achieve an outstanding performance toward ORR will be a promising program, but still of a challenge.
In this critical review, we summarized recent novel electrocatalysts on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).ORR acted as a reaction on cathode in fuel cell. How ORR proceed would directly influence the efficiency of the fuel cell, so that developments of catalysts toward ORR with an advanced activity become highly desirable. Among all the catalysts, the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C cannot meet the practical application, due to various limitations. Nonmetallic material and non-precious metallic materials were studied in recent years. These materials were considered to be a potential choice to provide a good conductivity with a cost-effective and abundant resource in nature.Additionally, a good stability as well as an excellent tolerance toward to the small molecules makes them a perfect candidate for ORR. The development of novel composites to achieve an outstanding performance toward ORR will be a promising program, but still of a challenge.
引文
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