教练型团队领导对团队谏言的影响:任务反思与亲社会动机的作用
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摘要
本研究依据路径-目标领导力理论,探讨了教练型团队领导对团队谏言的作用机制。基于49个团队(322位员工)的配对数据,研究结果表明:教练型团队领导能有效预测团队谏言,团队任务反思在教练型团队领导与团队谏言之间发挥中介作用,而团队亲社会动机正向调节教练型团队领导与团队任务反思之间的关系,并强化了教练型团队领导通过团队任务反思对团队绩效的间接影响。本研究丰富了教练型团队领导和团队谏言行为在管理学中的实证研究成果,具有较大的理论意义和实践意义。
This paper is based on path-goal theory of leadership on to examine the influence of team leader coaching on team voice. An investigation involving 49 teams(322 employees) was conducted. The results revealed that team leader coaching has a positive effect on team voice; team task reflexivity plays a mediating role in the relationship between team leader coaching and team voice; and prosocial motivation moderates the relationship between team leader coaching and team task reflexivity, which in turn strengthens the indirect relationship between team leader coaching and team voice via team task reflexivity. Theoretical and practical Implications are discussed.
This paper is based on path-goal theory of leadership on to examine the influence of team leader coaching on team voice. An investigation involving 49 teams(322 employees) was conducted. The results revealed that team leader coaching has a positive effect on team voice; team task reflexivity plays a mediating role in the relationship between team leader coaching and team voice; and prosocial motivation moderates the relationship between team leader coaching and team task reflexivity, which in turn strengthens the indirect relationship between team leader coaching and team voice via team task reflexivity. Theoretical and practical Implications are discussed.
引文
1.李万明,鲁春洋,程豹.(2016).魅力型领导与员工建言行为的关系:领导-成员交换的中介作用.领导科学,(8),30-33.
2.蔡霞,耿修林.(2016).基于自我保护动机的内隐建言信念对员工沉默的影响一项中国情境的研究.科学学与科学技术管理,37(10),153-163.
3.江静,杨百寅.(2016).换位思考、任务反思与团队创造力:领导批判性思维的调节作用.南开管理评论,19(6),27-35.
4.郎淳刚,曹瑄玮.(2007).团队反思对创新项目团队绩效的作用研究.科学学与科学技术管理,28(9),145-148.
5.刘喜怀,葛玉辉,赵丙艳.(2016).TMT团队过程、团队自反性对决策绩效的影响.管理评论,28(1),130-140.
6.马贵梅,樊耘,门一,张克勤.(2014).权威领导影响下属建言行为的双元心理机制.预测,33(6),1-7.
7.王雁飞,张静茹,林星驰,周良海,朱瑜.(2016).教练型领导行为研究现状与展望.外国经济与管理,38(05),44-57.
8.张喆,贾明.(2013).员工日常情绪与顾客导向型服务行为间关系研究:亲社会动机的调节作用.预测,32(6),8-14.
9.周强,侯茜,王昕.(2016).领导风格与组织创新氛围关系的实证研究--基于军工科研院所的调查数据.重庆交通大学学报(社会科学版),16(4),67-74.
10.Akaike,H.(1987).Factor analysis and aic.Psychometrika,52(3),317-332.
11.Bass,B M,&Avolio,B J.(1995).MLQ multifactor leadership questionnaire technical report.Redwood City,CA:Mind Garden.
12.Batson,C.D.,Oleson,K.C.,Weeks,J.L.,Healy,S.P.,Reeves,P.J.,Jennings,P.,&Brown,T.(1989).Religious prosocial motivation:Is it altruistic or egoistic?.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57(5),873-884.
13.Bechtoldt,M.N.,De Dreu,C.K.W.,Nijstad,B.A.,&Choi,H.S.(2010).Motivated information processing,social tuning,and group creativity.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,99(4),622-637.
14.Champathes,M.R.(2006).Coaching for performance improvement:The"coach"model.Development and Learning in Organizations,20(2),17-18.
15.Clary,E.G.,Snyder,M.,Ridge,R.D.,Copeland,J.,Stukas,A.A.,Haugen,J.,&Miene,P.(1998).Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers:A functional approach.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,74(6),1516-1530.
16.De Dreu,C.K.W.,Nijstad,B.A.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2008).Motivated information processing in group judgement and decision making.Personality&Social Psychology Review,12(1),22-49.
17.De Dreu,C.K.W.(2007).Cooperative outcome interdependence,task reflexivity,and team effectiveness:a motivated information processing perspective.Journal of Applied Psychology,92(3),628-638.
18.DeRue,D.S.,Ross,S.M.,Barnes,C.M.,&Morgeson,F.P.(2010).Understanding the motivational contingencies of team leadership.Small Group Research,41(5),621-651.
19.Detert,J.R.,&Burris,E.R.(2007).Leadership behavior and employee voice:Is the door really open?.Academy of Management Journal,50(4),869-884.
20.Detert,J.R.,&Edmondson,A.C.(2011).Implicit voice theories:Taken-for-granted rules of self-censorship at work.Academy of Management Journal,54(3),461-488.
21.Dreu,D.,&Carsten,K.W.(2006).Rational self-interest and other orientation in organizational behavior:A critical appraisal and extension of meglino and korsgaard.Journal of Applied Psychology,91(6),1245-1252.
22.Edmondson,A.(1999).Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams.Administrative Science Quarterly,44(2),350-383.
23.Edwards,J.R.,&Lambert,L.S.(2007).Methods for integrating moderation and mediation:A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis.Psychological Methods,12(1):1-22.
24.Ellinger,A D.,Ellinger,A E.,Bachrach,D G.,Wang Y L.,Bas,A B E.,(2001).Organizational investments in social capital,managerial coaching,and employee work-related performance.Management Learning,42(1):67-85.
25.Ellinger,A.D.,&Bostrom,R.P.(1999).Managerial coaching behaviors in learning organizations.Journal of Management Development,18(9),752-771.
26.Evans,M.G.(1970).The effects of supervisory behavior on the path-goal relationship.Organizational Behavior&Human Performance,5(3),277-298.
27.Frazier,M.L.,&Bowler,W.M.(2015).Voice climate,supervisor undermining,and work outcomes:A group-level examination.Journal of Management,41(3),841-863.
28.Grant,A.M.(2007).Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difference.Academy of Management Review,32(2),393-417.
29.Grant,A.M.(2008).Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire?Motivational synergy in predicting persistence,performance,and productivity.Journal of Applied Psychology,93(1),48-58.
30.Grant,A.M.,&Berry,J.W.(2011).The necessity of others is the mother of invention:Intrinsic and prosocial motivations,perspective taking,and creativity.Academy of Management Journal,54,375-383.
31.Hackman,J.R.,&Wageman,R.(2005).The theory of team coaching.Academy of Management Review,30(2),269-287.
32.Hagen,M.,&Aguilar,M.G.(2012).The impact of managerial coaching on learning outcomes within the team context:An analysis.Human Resource Development Quarterly,23(3),363-388.
33.Hamlin,R.G.,Ellinger,A.D.,&Beattie,R.S.(2008).The emergent'coaching industry':A wake-up call for hrd professionals.Human Resource Development International,11(3),287-305.
34.Hayes,A.F.,&Preacher,K.J.(2011)Indirect and direct effects of a multicategorical causal agent in statistical mediation analysis.Unpublished manuscript.
35.House,R.J.(1996).Path-goal theory of leadership:lessons,legacy,and a reformulated theory.Leadership Quarterly,7(3),323-352.
36.Hsiung,H.H.(2012).Authentic leadership and employee voice behavior:A multi-level psychological process.Journal of Business Ethics,107(3),349-361.
37.Kim,S.W.(2010).Managerial coaching behavior and employee outcomes:A structural equation modeling analysis.Dissertations&Theses-Gradworks.
38.LePine,J.A.,Piccolo,R.F.,Jackson,C.L.,Mathieu,J.E.,&Saul,J.R.(2008).A meta-analysis of teamwork processes:Tests of a multidimensional model and relationships with team effectiveness criteria.Personnel Psychology,61(2),273-307.
39.LePine,J.A.,&Dyne,V.(1998).Predicting voice behavior in work groups.Journal of Applied Psychology,83(6),853-868.
40.Liu,C Y,Pirola-Merlo A,Yang,C A,Huang C.(2009).Disseminating the functions of team coaching regarding research and development team effectiveness:Evidence from high tech industries in Taiwan.Social Behavior and Personality,37(1):41-58.
41.Morgeson,F.P.(2005).The external leadership of selfmanaging teams:Intervening in the context of novel and disruptive events.Journal of Applied Psychology,90(3):497-508.
42.Morrison,E.W.,Wheelersmith,S.L.,&Kamdar,D.(2011).Speaking up in groups:a cross-level study of group voice climate and voice.Journal of Applied Psychology,96(1),183-191.
43.Preache,r K.J,Rucker D.D.,Hayes,A.F.(2007).Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses:Theory,methods,and prescriptions.Multivariate Behavioral Research,42(1):185-227.
44.Rousseau,V.,Aube,C.,Tremblay,S.(2013).Team coaching and innovation in work teams:An examination of the motivational and behavioral intervening mechanisms.Leadership&Organization Development Journal,34(4):344-364.
45.Schippers,M.C.,Den Hartog,D.N.,&Koopman,P.L.(2007).Reflexivity in teams:A measure and correlates.Applied Psychology:An International Review,56(2):189-211.
46.Schippers,M.C.,Hartog,D.N.D.,Koopman,P.L.,&Wienk,J.A.(2003).Diversity and team outcomes:The moderating effects of outcome interdependence and group longevity and the mediating effect of reflexivity.Journal of Organizational Behavior,24(6),779-802.
47.Schippers,M.C.,Homan,A.C.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2013).To reflect or not to reflect:Prior team performance as a boundary condition of the effects of reflexivity on learning and final team performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(1),6-23.
48.Schippers,M.C.,West,M.A.,&Dawson,J.F.(2012).Team reflexivity and innovation:The moderating role of team context.Journal of Management,41(3),769-788.
49.Seibert,S.E.,Kraimer,M.L.,&Crant,J.M.(2006).What do proactive people do?A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success.Personnel Psychology,54(4),845-874.
50.Shin,Y.(2014).Positive group affect and team creativity:Mediation of team reflexivity and promotion focus.Small Group Research,45(3):337-364.
51.Van,Ginkel,W.,Tindale,R.S.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2009).Team reflexivity,development of shared task representations,and the use of distributed information in group decision making.Group Dynamics Theory Research&Practice,13(13),265-280.
52.Van,D.L.,Kamdar,D.,&Joireman,J.(2008).In-role perceptions buffer the negative impact of low LMX on helping and enhance the positive impact of high LMX on voice.Journal of Applied Psychology,93(6),1195-1207.
53.Walumbwa,F.O.,Morrison,E.W.,&Christensen,A.L.(2012).Ethical leadership and group in-role performance:The mediating roles of group conscientiousness and group voice.Leadership Quarterly,23(5),953-964.
54.West,M.A.(1996).Reflexivity and work group effectiveness:A conceptual integration.In M.A.West(Ed.),Handbook of work group psychology(pp.555-579).Chichester:John Wiley&Sons.
2.蔡霞,耿修林.(2016).基于自我保护动机的内隐建言信念对员工沉默的影响一项中国情境的研究.科学学与科学技术管理,37(10),153-163.
3.江静,杨百寅.(2016).换位思考、任务反思与团队创造力:领导批判性思维的调节作用.南开管理评论,19(6),27-35.
4.郎淳刚,曹瑄玮.(2007).团队反思对创新项目团队绩效的作用研究.科学学与科学技术管理,28(9),145-148.
5.刘喜怀,葛玉辉,赵丙艳.(2016).TMT团队过程、团队自反性对决策绩效的影响.管理评论,28(1),130-140.
6.马贵梅,樊耘,门一,张克勤.(2014).权威领导影响下属建言行为的双元心理机制.预测,33(6),1-7.
7.王雁飞,张静茹,林星驰,周良海,朱瑜.(2016).教练型领导行为研究现状与展望.外国经济与管理,38(05),44-57.
8.张喆,贾明.(2013).员工日常情绪与顾客导向型服务行为间关系研究:亲社会动机的调节作用.预测,32(6),8-14.
9.周强,侯茜,王昕.(2016).领导风格与组织创新氛围关系的实证研究--基于军工科研院所的调查数据.重庆交通大学学报(社会科学版),16(4),67-74.
10.Akaike,H.(1987).Factor analysis and aic.Psychometrika,52(3),317-332.
11.Bass,B M,&Avolio,B J.(1995).MLQ multifactor leadership questionnaire technical report.Redwood City,CA:Mind Garden.
12.Batson,C.D.,Oleson,K.C.,Weeks,J.L.,Healy,S.P.,Reeves,P.J.,Jennings,P.,&Brown,T.(1989).Religious prosocial motivation:Is it altruistic or egoistic?.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57(5),873-884.
13.Bechtoldt,M.N.,De Dreu,C.K.W.,Nijstad,B.A.,&Choi,H.S.(2010).Motivated information processing,social tuning,and group creativity.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,99(4),622-637.
14.Champathes,M.R.(2006).Coaching for performance improvement:The"coach"model.Development and Learning in Organizations,20(2),17-18.
15.Clary,E.G.,Snyder,M.,Ridge,R.D.,Copeland,J.,Stukas,A.A.,Haugen,J.,&Miene,P.(1998).Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers:A functional approach.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,74(6),1516-1530.
16.De Dreu,C.K.W.,Nijstad,B.A.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2008).Motivated information processing in group judgement and decision making.Personality&Social Psychology Review,12(1),22-49.
17.De Dreu,C.K.W.(2007).Cooperative outcome interdependence,task reflexivity,and team effectiveness:a motivated information processing perspective.Journal of Applied Psychology,92(3),628-638.
18.DeRue,D.S.,Ross,S.M.,Barnes,C.M.,&Morgeson,F.P.(2010).Understanding the motivational contingencies of team leadership.Small Group Research,41(5),621-651.
19.Detert,J.R.,&Burris,E.R.(2007).Leadership behavior and employee voice:Is the door really open?.Academy of Management Journal,50(4),869-884.
20.Detert,J.R.,&Edmondson,A.C.(2011).Implicit voice theories:Taken-for-granted rules of self-censorship at work.Academy of Management Journal,54(3),461-488.
21.Dreu,D.,&Carsten,K.W.(2006).Rational self-interest and other orientation in organizational behavior:A critical appraisal and extension of meglino and korsgaard.Journal of Applied Psychology,91(6),1245-1252.
22.Edmondson,A.(1999).Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams.Administrative Science Quarterly,44(2),350-383.
23.Edwards,J.R.,&Lambert,L.S.(2007).Methods for integrating moderation and mediation:A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis.Psychological Methods,12(1):1-22.
24.Ellinger,A D.,Ellinger,A E.,Bachrach,D G.,Wang Y L.,Bas,A B E.,(2001).Organizational investments in social capital,managerial coaching,and employee work-related performance.Management Learning,42(1):67-85.
25.Ellinger,A.D.,&Bostrom,R.P.(1999).Managerial coaching behaviors in learning organizations.Journal of Management Development,18(9),752-771.
26.Evans,M.G.(1970).The effects of supervisory behavior on the path-goal relationship.Organizational Behavior&Human Performance,5(3),277-298.
27.Frazier,M.L.,&Bowler,W.M.(2015).Voice climate,supervisor undermining,and work outcomes:A group-level examination.Journal of Management,41(3),841-863.
28.Grant,A.M.(2007).Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difference.Academy of Management Review,32(2),393-417.
29.Grant,A.M.(2008).Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire?Motivational synergy in predicting persistence,performance,and productivity.Journal of Applied Psychology,93(1),48-58.
30.Grant,A.M.,&Berry,J.W.(2011).The necessity of others is the mother of invention:Intrinsic and prosocial motivations,perspective taking,and creativity.Academy of Management Journal,54,375-383.
31.Hackman,J.R.,&Wageman,R.(2005).The theory of team coaching.Academy of Management Review,30(2),269-287.
32.Hagen,M.,&Aguilar,M.G.(2012).The impact of managerial coaching on learning outcomes within the team context:An analysis.Human Resource Development Quarterly,23(3),363-388.
33.Hamlin,R.G.,Ellinger,A.D.,&Beattie,R.S.(2008).The emergent'coaching industry':A wake-up call for hrd professionals.Human Resource Development International,11(3),287-305.
34.Hayes,A.F.,&Preacher,K.J.(2011)Indirect and direct effects of a multicategorical causal agent in statistical mediation analysis.Unpublished manuscript.
35.House,R.J.(1996).Path-goal theory of leadership:lessons,legacy,and a reformulated theory.Leadership Quarterly,7(3),323-352.
36.Hsiung,H.H.(2012).Authentic leadership and employee voice behavior:A multi-level psychological process.Journal of Business Ethics,107(3),349-361.
37.Kim,S.W.(2010).Managerial coaching behavior and employee outcomes:A structural equation modeling analysis.Dissertations&Theses-Gradworks.
38.LePine,J.A.,Piccolo,R.F.,Jackson,C.L.,Mathieu,J.E.,&Saul,J.R.(2008).A meta-analysis of teamwork processes:Tests of a multidimensional model and relationships with team effectiveness criteria.Personnel Psychology,61(2),273-307.
39.LePine,J.A.,&Dyne,V.(1998).Predicting voice behavior in work groups.Journal of Applied Psychology,83(6),853-868.
40.Liu,C Y,Pirola-Merlo A,Yang,C A,Huang C.(2009).Disseminating the functions of team coaching regarding research and development team effectiveness:Evidence from high tech industries in Taiwan.Social Behavior and Personality,37(1):41-58.
41.Morgeson,F.P.(2005).The external leadership of selfmanaging teams:Intervening in the context of novel and disruptive events.Journal of Applied Psychology,90(3):497-508.
42.Morrison,E.W.,Wheelersmith,S.L.,&Kamdar,D.(2011).Speaking up in groups:a cross-level study of group voice climate and voice.Journal of Applied Psychology,96(1),183-191.
43.Preache,r K.J,Rucker D.D.,Hayes,A.F.(2007).Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses:Theory,methods,and prescriptions.Multivariate Behavioral Research,42(1):185-227.
44.Rousseau,V.,Aube,C.,Tremblay,S.(2013).Team coaching and innovation in work teams:An examination of the motivational and behavioral intervening mechanisms.Leadership&Organization Development Journal,34(4):344-364.
45.Schippers,M.C.,Den Hartog,D.N.,&Koopman,P.L.(2007).Reflexivity in teams:A measure and correlates.Applied Psychology:An International Review,56(2):189-211.
46.Schippers,M.C.,Hartog,D.N.D.,Koopman,P.L.,&Wienk,J.A.(2003).Diversity and team outcomes:The moderating effects of outcome interdependence and group longevity and the mediating effect of reflexivity.Journal of Organizational Behavior,24(6),779-802.
47.Schippers,M.C.,Homan,A.C.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2013).To reflect or not to reflect:Prior team performance as a boundary condition of the effects of reflexivity on learning and final team performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior,34(1),6-23.
48.Schippers,M.C.,West,M.A.,&Dawson,J.F.(2012).Team reflexivity and innovation:The moderating role of team context.Journal of Management,41(3),769-788.
49.Seibert,S.E.,Kraimer,M.L.,&Crant,J.M.(2006).What do proactive people do?A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success.Personnel Psychology,54(4),845-874.
50.Shin,Y.(2014).Positive group affect and team creativity:Mediation of team reflexivity and promotion focus.Small Group Research,45(3):337-364.
51.Van,Ginkel,W.,Tindale,R.S.,&Van Knippenberg,D.(2009).Team reflexivity,development of shared task representations,and the use of distributed information in group decision making.Group Dynamics Theory Research&Practice,13(13),265-280.
52.Van,D.L.,Kamdar,D.,&Joireman,J.(2008).In-role perceptions buffer the negative impact of low LMX on helping and enhance the positive impact of high LMX on voice.Journal of Applied Psychology,93(6),1195-1207.
53.Walumbwa,F.O.,Morrison,E.W.,&Christensen,A.L.(2012).Ethical leadership and group in-role performance:The mediating roles of group conscientiousness and group voice.Leadership Quarterly,23(5),953-964.
54.West,M.A.(1996).Reflexivity and work group effectiveness:A conceptual integration.In M.A.West(Ed.),Handbook of work group psychology(pp.555-579).Chichester:John Wiley&Sons.