道德的三种理解形式:一种关于认识理路的评析
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摘要
目的论道德、现代性道德、人伦的道德构成了人类文明进程中三种主要的道德理解方式。目的论的道德理解与现代性的道德理解在决定论与同一性的认识层面上具有相似性,但却内在地遵循着极为不同的认识理路和布展方式,目的论道德理解居于传统,现代性道德理解囿于理性主义认识论。人伦的道德理解与目的论道德理解在基于相似性思维的认识理路层面上具有共通性,但在关于道德本身的具体理解上却呈现出明显的差异。三种道德理解方式在认识的延展性与开放性层面都存在各自的缺陷,目的论道德与人伦的道德更加具有现实的根基与生命,而现代性道德则是一种形式上的存在。道德的谱系理解作为一种批判具有存在合理性,但就其本身而言并未超出任性与虚无的辖制。
Skopostheorie morality, modern morality, and human morality constitute the three main moral understanding methods in the process of human civilization. Skopostheorie's moral understanding and modernity's moral understanding are similar in determinism and identity, but they inherently follow very different ways of understanding and discourse. Skopostheorie moral understanding is traditional, modern morality Understanding is confined to rationalist epistemology. Human moral understanding and Skopostheorie moral understanding have similarities in their understanding of similarity thinking, but there are obvious differences in the specific understanding of morality itself. Three kinds of moral understanding methods have their own defects in the extension and openness of understanding. Skopostheorie morality and human morality have a more realistic basis and life. Modern morality is a kind of formal existence. Pedigree understanding as a kind of criticism has the existence rationality, but in itself it does not exceed the willfulness and nihility.
Skopostheorie morality, modern morality, and human morality constitute the three main moral understanding methods in the process of human civilization. Skopostheorie's moral understanding and modernity's moral understanding are similar in determinism and identity, but they inherently follow very different ways of understanding and discourse. Skopostheorie moral understanding is traditional, modern morality Understanding is confined to rationalist epistemology. Human moral understanding and Skopostheorie moral understanding have similarities in their understanding of similarity thinking, but there are obvious differences in the specific understanding of morality itself. Three kinds of moral understanding methods have their own defects in the extension and openness of understanding. Skopostheorie morality and human morality have a more realistic basis and life. Modern morality is a kind of formal existence. Pedigree understanding as a kind of criticism has the existence rationality, but in itself it does not exceed the willfulness and nihility.
引文
[1] A·麦金泰尔:三种对立的道德探究观[M].万俊人等译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999.
[2] Strauss, L. Progress or return? the contemporary crisis in western civilization. Modern Judaism,1(1), 1981.
[3] 康德:实践理性批判[M].李秋零译注.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2011.
[4] 雅克·德里达:无赖[M].汪堂家,李之喆译.上海:上海译文出版社,2011.
[5] 福柯:疯癫与文明[M].刘北成,杨远婴译.北京:三联书店,1999.
[6] 尼采:道德的谱系[M].梁锡江译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2015.
[7] 伽达默尔:真理与方法[M].洪汉鼎译.北京:商务印书馆,2007.
[8] 米歇尔·福柯:词与物:人文科学考古学[M].莫伟民译.上海:上海三联书店,2002.
[9] 万俊人:现代性的伦理话语[M].黑龙江:黑龙江人民出版社,2.
[2] Strauss, L. Progress or return? the contemporary crisis in western civilization. Modern Judaism,1(1), 1981.
[3] 康德:实践理性批判[M].李秋零译注.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2011.
[4] 雅克·德里达:无赖[M].汪堂家,李之喆译.上海:上海译文出版社,2011.
[5] 福柯:疯癫与文明[M].刘北成,杨远婴译.北京:三联书店,1999.
[6] 尼采:道德的谱系[M].梁锡江译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2015.
[7] 伽达默尔:真理与方法[M].洪汉鼎译.北京:商务印书馆,2007.
[8] 米歇尔·福柯:词与物:人文科学考古学[M].莫伟民译.上海:上海三联书店,2002.
[9] 万俊人:现代性的伦理话语[M].黑龙江:黑龙江人民出版社,2.