2015年富锦国家湿地公园水体中浮游甲壳动物群落结构及多样性季节动态
|
摘要
2015年5月、8月和10月,在富锦国家湿地公园恢复湿地,调查水中浮游甲壳动物群落结构,分析影响浮游甲壳动物群落的水环境因子。研究结果表明,富锦国家湿地公园水中共检出浮游甲壳动物13种,其中,有枝角类4属10种,桡足类1属3种;在采样期间,枝角类的共有优势种为长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostrids)、简弧象鼻溞(Bosmina coregoni)和寡刺秀体溞(Diaphanosoma paucisoinosum),桡足类共有优势种为广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops levckarti)和无节幼体;5月、8月和10月采样日浮游甲壳动物群落的密度和生物量明显不同,8月的最大,5月的次之,10月的最小,平均丰度和平均生物量分别为(168.55±80.90)ind./L和(1.46±0.75)mg/L,8月的丰度和生物量分别为(259.77±64.2)ind./L和(2.30±0.67)mg/L;在所有采样点中,浮游甲壳动物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数的变化范围为1.698~3.262,Margalef指数为0.590~1.480,Pielou均匀度指数为0.583~0.928;水温、水中溶解氧含量和水体透明度是影响浮游甲壳动物群落生物量的主要因子,总氮含量和叶绿素a含量影响浮游甲壳动物群落的多样性。
In order to understand the relationship between the crustacean zooplankton community and environmental variables in Fujin National Wetland Park, the structure of the crustacean zooplankton community and water physicochemical variables in 11 sampling sites were investigated to analyze the species, abundance,dominance and distribution of the crustacean zooplankton community and explain the changing condition of the crustacean zooplankton community and water environment from May to October 2015. The results showed that 13 species belonging to Cladocera and Copepods of the crustacean zooplankton were detected in Fujin National Wetland Park. The dominant species in Cladocera were Bosmina longirostrids, Bosmina coregoni and Diaphanosoma paucisoinosum. The dominant species in Copepods were Mesocyclops levckarti and Nauplii.The average abundance and average biomass of the crustacean zooplankton were(168.55 ± 80.90) ind./L and(1.46±0.75) mg/L, and the maximum values both occurred in sampling days in August were(259.77±64.20)ind./L and(2.30±0.67) mg/L. The ranges of Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and Pielou indexes were 0.590-1.480,0.590-1.480 and 0.583-0.927, respectively. The results of Pearson analysis indicated that the main environmental factors affecting the biomass of the crustacean zooplankton community were the content of dissolved oxygen, water temperature and transparency, while the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was related to the contents of total nitrogen and chlorophyll-a in Fujin National Wetland Park.
In order to understand the relationship between the crustacean zooplankton community and environmental variables in Fujin National Wetland Park, the structure of the crustacean zooplankton community and water physicochemical variables in 11 sampling sites were investigated to analyze the species, abundance,dominance and distribution of the crustacean zooplankton community and explain the changing condition of the crustacean zooplankton community and water environment from May to October 2015. The results showed that 13 species belonging to Cladocera and Copepods of the crustacean zooplankton were detected in Fujin National Wetland Park. The dominant species in Cladocera were Bosmina longirostrids, Bosmina coregoni and Diaphanosoma paucisoinosum. The dominant species in Copepods were Mesocyclops levckarti and Nauplii.The average abundance and average biomass of the crustacean zooplankton were(168.55 ± 80.90) ind./L and(1.46±0.75) mg/L, and the maximum values both occurred in sampling days in August were(259.77±64.20)ind./L and(2.30±0.67) mg/L. The ranges of Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and Pielou indexes were 0.590-1.480,0.590-1.480 and 0.583-0.927, respectively. The results of Pearson analysis indicated that the main environmental factors affecting the biomass of the crustacean zooplankton community were the content of dissolved oxygen, water temperature and transparency, while the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was related to the contents of total nitrogen and chlorophyll-a in Fujin National Wetland Park.
引文
[1]Byron E R,Folt C,Glodman C R,et al.Copepod and cladoceran success in an oligotrophic lake[J].Journal of Plankton Research,1984,66:45-65.
[2]Lampert W.Zooplankton research:the contribution of limnology to general ecological paradigms[J].Aquatic Ecology,1997,3131:19-27.
[3]Yang Wei,Deng Daogui,Zhang Sai,et al.Seasonal dynamics of crustacean zooplankton community structure in Erhai Lake,a plateau lake,with reference to phytoplankton and environmental factors[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2014,32(5):1074-1082.
[4]鲁敏,谢平.武汉东湖后湖区浮游甲壳动物群落结构的研究[J].水生生物学报,2002,2626(2):123-129.
[5]鞠永富,于洪贤,于婷,等.小兴凯湖浮游动物丰度和水质评价[J].湿地科学,2015,1313(5):649-652.
[6]Park Kwan Soon,Shin Hyun Woung.Studies on phyto-and-zooplankton composition and its relation to fish productivity in a west coast fish pond ecosystem[J].The Journal of Environmental Biology,2007,2828(2):415-422.
[7]Dana T.Zooplankton diversity and physicochemical condition of two wetlands of Jalpaiguri District,India[J].Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology,2001,22(3):576-583.
[8]于洪贤,王杨,马成学,等.镜泊湖浮游甲壳动物的群落结构[J].东北林业大学学报,2008,3636(1):66-68.
[9]陈明秀,胡菊香,沈强,等.汤浦水库浮游甲壳类动物群落结构特征研究[J].水生态学杂志,2014,3535(5):75-81.
[10]邱小琮,赵红雪,孙晓雪.沙湖浮游动物与水环境因子关系的多元分析[J].生态学杂志,2012,3131(4):896-901.
[11]徐梅,吴芳仪,刘靓靓,等.焦岗湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节动态[J].生态学杂志,2016,3535(5):1254-1262.
[12]郭沛涌,沈焕庭,刘阿成,等.长江河口浮游动物的种类组成、群落结构及多样性[J].生态学报,2003,2323(5):892-900.
[13]陈雷,徐兆礼,姚炜民,等.瓯江口春季营养盐、浮游植物和浮游动物的分布[J].生态学报,2009,2929(3):1571-1577.
[14]易磊,刘存歧,邢晓光,等.白洋淀浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,33(4):38-43.
[15]郭菲菲,李慧明,顾杨亮,等.大沙河水库浮游甲壳类动物群落特征[J].生态科学,2015,3434(5):8-15.
[16]蒋燮治,堵南山.中国动物志节肢动物门甲壳纲淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[17]周凤霞,陈剑虹.淡水微型生物图谱[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[18]Shannon E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[M].London:University Illinois Press,1949:296-297.
[19]Margalef R.Information theory in ecology[J].Gensyst.,1958,3:36-71.
[20]Pielou C.An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology[M].New York:Wiley Interscience,1969.
[21]Lampitt R S,Wishner K F,Turley C M,et al.Marine snow studies in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean:distribution,composition and role as a food source for migrating plankton[J].Marine Biology,1993,1164164:680-702.
[22]马春蕾.富锦国家湿地公园浮游生物群落结构特征研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
[23]潘继征,熊飞,李文朝,等.抚仙湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构与空间分布[J].湖泊科学,2009,2121(3):408-414.
[24]崔安琪,翟昊,于洪贤.宁夏沙湖浮游动物群落结构及多样性[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,433(9):121-124.
[25]王先云,王丽卿,盖建军,等.千岛湖浮游甲壳动物垂直分布与昼夜垂直移动[J].动物学杂志,2010,4545(5):95-104.
[26]许隆君,陆鑫歆,王忠锁.梁子湖浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性[J].生态学报,2009,2929(12):6419-6428.
[27]郑重.浮游生物学概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1964.
[28]Sarma S S S,Nandini S,Gulati R D.Life history strategies of cladocerans:Comparisons of tropical and temperate taxa[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,542542:315-333.
[29]蒋燮治.武昌东湖枝角类种类组成与数量变动的观察[J].水生生物学集刊,1965,55(2):220-237.
[30]袁宇翔,于洪贤,姜明.小兴凯湖浮游植物群落结构及多样性[J].湿地科学,2013,111(2):151-157.
[31]卞少伟,韩龙,张震,等.2013年8月和11月辽东湾近岸海域浮游植物群落结构[J].湿地科学,2016,1414(4):493-498.
[32]何志辉.淡水生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:93-94.
[33]Jeppesen E,Peder Jensen J,S?ndergaard M,et al.Trophic structure,species richness and biodiversity in Danish lakes:changes along a phosphorus gradient[J].Freshwater Biology,2000,4545:201-218.
[34]Pinto-Coelho R,Pinel-Alloul B,Méthot G,et al.Crustacean zooplankton in lakes and reservoirs of temperate and tropical regions:variation with trophic status[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,2011,6262:348-361.
[2]Lampert W.Zooplankton research:the contribution of limnology to general ecological paradigms[J].Aquatic Ecology,1997,3131:19-27.
[3]Yang Wei,Deng Daogui,Zhang Sai,et al.Seasonal dynamics of crustacean zooplankton community structure in Erhai Lake,a plateau lake,with reference to phytoplankton and environmental factors[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2014,32(5):1074-1082.
[4]鲁敏,谢平.武汉东湖后湖区浮游甲壳动物群落结构的研究[J].水生生物学报,2002,2626(2):123-129.
[5]鞠永富,于洪贤,于婷,等.小兴凯湖浮游动物丰度和水质评价[J].湿地科学,2015,1313(5):649-652.
[6]Park Kwan Soon,Shin Hyun Woung.Studies on phyto-and-zooplankton composition and its relation to fish productivity in a west coast fish pond ecosystem[J].The Journal of Environmental Biology,2007,2828(2):415-422.
[7]Dana T.Zooplankton diversity and physicochemical condition of two wetlands of Jalpaiguri District,India[J].Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology,2001,22(3):576-583.
[8]于洪贤,王杨,马成学,等.镜泊湖浮游甲壳动物的群落结构[J].东北林业大学学报,2008,3636(1):66-68.
[9]陈明秀,胡菊香,沈强,等.汤浦水库浮游甲壳类动物群落结构特征研究[J].水生态学杂志,2014,3535(5):75-81.
[10]邱小琮,赵红雪,孙晓雪.沙湖浮游动物与水环境因子关系的多元分析[J].生态学杂志,2012,3131(4):896-901.
[11]徐梅,吴芳仪,刘靓靓,等.焦岗湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节动态[J].生态学杂志,2016,3535(5):1254-1262.
[12]郭沛涌,沈焕庭,刘阿成,等.长江河口浮游动物的种类组成、群落结构及多样性[J].生态学报,2003,2323(5):892-900.
[13]陈雷,徐兆礼,姚炜民,等.瓯江口春季营养盐、浮游植物和浮游动物的分布[J].生态学报,2009,2929(3):1571-1577.
[14]易磊,刘存歧,邢晓光,等.白洋淀浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,33(4):38-43.
[15]郭菲菲,李慧明,顾杨亮,等.大沙河水库浮游甲壳类动物群落特征[J].生态科学,2015,3434(5):8-15.
[16]蒋燮治,堵南山.中国动物志节肢动物门甲壳纲淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[17]周凤霞,陈剑虹.淡水微型生物图谱[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[18]Shannon E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[M].London:University Illinois Press,1949:296-297.
[19]Margalef R.Information theory in ecology[J].Gensyst.,1958,3:36-71.
[20]Pielou C.An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology[M].New York:Wiley Interscience,1969.
[21]Lampitt R S,Wishner K F,Turley C M,et al.Marine snow studies in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean:distribution,composition and role as a food source for migrating plankton[J].Marine Biology,1993,1164164:680-702.
[22]马春蕾.富锦国家湿地公园浮游生物群落结构特征研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
[23]潘继征,熊飞,李文朝,等.抚仙湖浮游甲壳动物群落结构与空间分布[J].湖泊科学,2009,2121(3):408-414.
[24]崔安琪,翟昊,于洪贤.宁夏沙湖浮游动物群落结构及多样性[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,433(9):121-124.
[25]王先云,王丽卿,盖建军,等.千岛湖浮游甲壳动物垂直分布与昼夜垂直移动[J].动物学杂志,2010,4545(5):95-104.
[26]许隆君,陆鑫歆,王忠锁.梁子湖浮游甲壳动物的生物多样性[J].生态学报,2009,2929(12):6419-6428.
[27]郑重.浮游生物学概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1964.
[28]Sarma S S S,Nandini S,Gulati R D.Life history strategies of cladocerans:Comparisons of tropical and temperate taxa[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,542542:315-333.
[29]蒋燮治.武昌东湖枝角类种类组成与数量变动的观察[J].水生生物学集刊,1965,55(2):220-237.
[30]袁宇翔,于洪贤,姜明.小兴凯湖浮游植物群落结构及多样性[J].湿地科学,2013,111(2):151-157.
[31]卞少伟,韩龙,张震,等.2013年8月和11月辽东湾近岸海域浮游植物群落结构[J].湿地科学,2016,1414(4):493-498.
[32]何志辉.淡水生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:93-94.
[33]Jeppesen E,Peder Jensen J,S?ndergaard M,et al.Trophic structure,species richness and biodiversity in Danish lakes:changes along a phosphorus gradient[J].Freshwater Biology,2000,4545:201-218.
[34]Pinto-Coelho R,Pinel-Alloul B,Méthot G,et al.Crustacean zooplankton in lakes and reservoirs of temperate and tropical regions:variation with trophic status[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,2011,6262:348-361.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |