基于对角切片谱和灰色关联度的滚动轴承内圈损伤程度评价方法研究
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摘要
针对滚动轴承前期故障特征信息微弱且易受噪声影响,导致轴承故障损伤程度难以判断的问题,提出一种基于三阶累积量对角切片谱和灰色关联理论的新方法,来获取轴承故障部位以及损伤直径大小。利用三阶累积量对角切片谱抑制高斯噪声以及能够识别二次相位耦合信号等特性,判断出轴承故障部位信息;利用灰色关联理论对三阶累积量对角切片数据进行峭度指标、脉冲指标以及裕度指标分析,得到轴承前期故障损伤程度曲线图。通过该方法对实际信号进行分析,非常清楚的得到轴承故障部位以及损伤直径大小,表明了该方法的可行性以及实用性。
Aiming at the problem that the fault information of rolling bearing was weak and susceptible to noise, which was difficult to judge the damage degree of bearing failure, a new method was proposed. Bearing fault location and damage diameter size could be obtained using the method based on third-order cumulant diagonal slice spectrum and gray correlation theory. Bearing fault location information could be determined using the characteristics of third-order cumulant diagonal slice spectrum to suppress the Gaussian noise and to identify the secondary phase coupling signal. And gray relational theory was used to analyze the kurtosis index, the pulse index and the margin index of the third-order cumulant diagonal section data to obtain the curve of the damage degree. Finally, actual signal is analyzed to obtain the bearing fault location and the damage diameter, which indicates the feasibility and practicability of the method.
Aiming at the problem that the fault information of rolling bearing was weak and susceptible to noise, which was difficult to judge the damage degree of bearing failure, a new method was proposed. Bearing fault location and damage diameter size could be obtained using the method based on third-order cumulant diagonal slice spectrum and gray correlation theory. Bearing fault location information could be determined using the characteristics of third-order cumulant diagonal slice spectrum to suppress the Gaussian noise and to identify the secondary phase coupling signal. And gray relational theory was used to analyze the kurtosis index, the pulse index and the margin index of the third-order cumulant diagonal section data to obtain the curve of the damage degree. Finally, actual signal is analyzed to obtain the bearing fault location and the damage diameter, which indicates the feasibility and practicability of the method.
引文
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[4] 郭业才.基于高阶统计量的水下目标动态谱特征增强研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2003:15-19.GUO YeCai.Study on dynamic spectrum feature enhancement of underwater target based on higher order statistics [D].Xi′an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2003:15-19(In Chinese).
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[8] Rosa J,Lloret I,Puntonet C G,et al.Higher-order spectra measurement techniques of termite emissions A characterization framework[J].Measurement,2008,41(1):105-118.
[9] 唐贵基,王晓龙.基于局部均值分解和切片双谱的滚动轴承故障诊断研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(24):83-88.TANG GuiJi,WANG XiaoLong.Study on fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on local mean decomposition and slice bispectrum [J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(24):83-88(In Chinese).
[10] 张琳,黄敏.基于EMD与切片双谱的轴承故障诊断方法[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2010,36(3):287-290.ZHANG Lin,HUANG Min.Bearing fault diagnosis method based on EMD and slice bispectrum [J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2010,36(3):287-290(In Chinese).
[11] 罗佑新,张龙庭,李敏.灰色系统理论及其在机械工程中的应用[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2011:25-28.LUO YouXin,ZHANG LongTing,LIN Min.Grey system theory and its application in mechanical engineering [M].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology press,2011:25-28(In Chinese).
[12] Mendel J M.Tutorial on highter-order statistics (spectra) in signal processing and system theory:theoretical results and some applications In Chinese [J].Processing of the IEEE,1991,79(3):278-305.
[13] Nikias C L,Meddel J M.Signal processing with higher-order spectra[J].IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,1993,10(3):10-37.
[14] 张严,王树勋,李生红.二次相位耦合的维谱分析[J].电子学报,1996,24(4):109-111.ZHANG Yan,WANG ShuXun,LI ShengHong.1 (1/2) spectrum analysis of two phase coupling [J].Acta Electronica Sinica,1996,24(4):109-111(In Chinese).
[15] 樊养余,陶宝祺,熊克,等.舰船噪声的1(1/2)维谱特征提取[J].声学学报,2002,27(1):71-76.FAN YangYu,TAO BaoQi,XIONG Ke,et al.1 (1/2) - dimensional spectral feature extraction of ship noise [J].Acta Acustica,2002,27(1):71-76(In Chinese).
[16] 袁云龙.基于峭度-小波包分析的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].新技术新工艺,2008(5):43-46.YUAN YunLong.Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on kurtosis wavelet packet analysis [J].New Technology & New Process,2008(5):43-46(In Chinese).
[17] Wade A.Smith,Robert B.Randall.Rolling Element Bearing Diagnostics Using the Case Western Reserve University Data:A Benchmark Study[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing.2015(64-65):100-131.
[2] 苏文胜,王奉涛,张志新,等.EMD降噪和谱峭度法在滚动轴承早期故障诊断中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):18-21.SU WenSheng,WANG FengTao,ZHANG ZhiXin,et al.Application of EMD noise reduction and spectral kurtosis in the early fault diagnosis of rolling bearings [J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(3):18-21(In Chinese).
[3] 张贤达.现代信号处理技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015:217-218.ZHANG XianDa.Modern signal processing technology In Chinese [M].Beijing:Tsinghua University press,2015:217-218(In Chinese).
[4] 郭业才.基于高阶统计量的水下目标动态谱特征增强研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2003:15-19.GUO YeCai.Study on dynamic spectrum feature enhancement of underwater target based on higher order statistics [D].Xi′an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2003:15-19(In Chinese).
[5] 刘中磊,于德介,刘坚.基于故障特征频率的阶比双谱方法及其在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):123-129.LIU ZhongLei,YU DeJie,LIU Jian.Bispectrum method based on fault characteristic frequency and its application in fault diagnosis of rolling bearings [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):123-129(In Chinese).
[6] 李军伟,韩捷,李志农,等.小波变换域双谱分析及其在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2006,25(5):92-95.LI JunWei,HAN Jie,LI ZhiNong,et al.Bispectrum analysis in wavelet transform domain and its application in rolling bearing fault diagnosis [J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2006,25(5):92-95(In Chinese).
[7] 张严,王树勋.非线性相位耦合的切片谱分析方法[J].电子学报,1998,26(10):104-109.ZHANG Yan,WANG ShuXun.Slice spectrum analysis method for nonlinear phase coupling [J].Acta Electronica Sinica,1998,26(10):104-109(In Chinese).
[8] Rosa J,Lloret I,Puntonet C G,et al.Higher-order spectra measurement techniques of termite emissions A characterization framework[J].Measurement,2008,41(1):105-118.
[9] 唐贵基,王晓龙.基于局部均值分解和切片双谱的滚动轴承故障诊断研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(24):83-88.TANG GuiJi,WANG XiaoLong.Study on fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on local mean decomposition and slice bispectrum [J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(24):83-88(In Chinese).
[10] 张琳,黄敏.基于EMD与切片双谱的轴承故障诊断方法[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2010,36(3):287-290.ZHANG Lin,HUANG Min.Bearing fault diagnosis method based on EMD and slice bispectrum [J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2010,36(3):287-290(In Chinese).
[11] 罗佑新,张龙庭,李敏.灰色系统理论及其在机械工程中的应用[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2011:25-28.LUO YouXin,ZHANG LongTing,LIN Min.Grey system theory and its application in mechanical engineering [M].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology press,2011:25-28(In Chinese).
[12] Mendel J M.Tutorial on highter-order statistics (spectra) in signal processing and system theory:theoretical results and some applications In Chinese [J].Processing of the IEEE,1991,79(3):278-305.
[13] Nikias C L,Meddel J M.Signal processing with higher-order spectra[J].IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,1993,10(3):10-37.
[14] 张严,王树勋,李生红.二次相位耦合的维谱分析[J].电子学报,1996,24(4):109-111.ZHANG Yan,WANG ShuXun,LI ShengHong.1 (1/2) spectrum analysis of two phase coupling [J].Acta Electronica Sinica,1996,24(4):109-111(In Chinese).
[15] 樊养余,陶宝祺,熊克,等.舰船噪声的1(1/2)维谱特征提取[J].声学学报,2002,27(1):71-76.FAN YangYu,TAO BaoQi,XIONG Ke,et al.1 (1/2) - dimensional spectral feature extraction of ship noise [J].Acta Acustica,2002,27(1):71-76(In Chinese).
[16] 袁云龙.基于峭度-小波包分析的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].新技术新工艺,2008(5):43-46.YUAN YunLong.Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on kurtosis wavelet packet analysis [J].New Technology & New Process,2008(5):43-46(In Chinese).
[17] Wade A.Smith,Robert B.Randall.Rolling Element Bearing Diagnostics Using the Case Western Reserve University Data:A Benchmark Study[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing.2015(64-65):100-131.
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