某电动汽车麦弗逊悬架参数化的多目标优化设计
|
摘要
采用多体动力学仿真软件建立了麦弗逊悬架系统的动力学模型,优化了某款纯电动汽车悬架导向机构的硬点的位置参数。根据悬架运动特性对导向机构硬点坐标位置进行了灵敏度分析,得出了硬点位置的变化对悬架性能的影响程度。在此基础上,以某标杆车实测的前束角、外倾角以及侧向滑移量作为设计目标,运用响应面法对悬架导向机构硬点位置参数进行了多目标优化设计。结果表明:悬架导向机构的参数化设计,使悬架特性曲线与目标值保持一致。悬架导向机构的合理设计使其运动特性保持在理想的状态,提高了电动汽车操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性。
The Macpherson suspension kinematics model was established by the multi-body dynamics simulation software,and the location parameters of hard point were optimized for the guiding mechanism of a pure electric car suspension. Based on the suspension movement characteristics,sensitivity analysis on the hard point coordinates of the guiding mechanism was conducted,and then influence of the changed hard point position on the suspension performance was obtained. On this basis,taking the toe-in angle,the camber angle and the lateral displacement of a certain benchmark car as the design objectives,multi-objective optimization design for the hard point coordinates of the suspension guiding mechanism was carried out by using the response surface method. The results show that the dynamic characteristics curves of suspension identified by the parametric design of the guiding mechanism were coherent well with the target value. The dynamic characters could keep in an ideal state through reasonable design of the guiding mechanism,and then the handling stability and driving comfort of electric vehicle could be improved.
The Macpherson suspension kinematics model was established by the multi-body dynamics simulation software,and the location parameters of hard point were optimized for the guiding mechanism of a pure electric car suspension. Based on the suspension movement characteristics,sensitivity analysis on the hard point coordinates of the guiding mechanism was conducted,and then influence of the changed hard point position on the suspension performance was obtained. On this basis,taking the toe-in angle,the camber angle and the lateral displacement of a certain benchmark car as the design objectives,multi-objective optimization design for the hard point coordinates of the suspension guiding mechanism was carried out by using the response surface method. The results show that the dynamic characteristics curves of suspension identified by the parametric design of the guiding mechanism were coherent well with the target value. The dynamic characters could keep in an ideal state through reasonable design of the guiding mechanism,and then the handling stability and driving comfort of electric vehicle could be improved.
引文
[1]王望予.汽车设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012.
[2]陈家瑞.汽车构造[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[3]丁飞,韩旭,刘桂萍,等.悬架导向机构硬点灵敏度分析及多目标优化设计[J].汽车工程,2010,32(2):137-142.
[4]熊飞,兰凤崇,陈吉清,等.两种典型轿车前悬架运动特性的对比研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(10):1161-1201.
[5]陆建辉,周孔亢,郭立娜,等.电动汽车麦弗逊前悬架设计及参数优化[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(8):98-103.
[6]Yong-sub Yi,Joonhong Park.Design optimization of suspension kinematic and compliance characteristic[J].SAE International,2014(1):38-44.
[7]Mohanmed F.Aly,Ashraf O.Nassef,et al.Multi-objective design of vehicle suspension systems via a local diffusion genetic algorithm for disjoint pareto frontiers[J].Engineering optimization,2015,47(5):706-717.
[8]何磊,陈辛波,黄露,等.双横臂独立悬架导向机构优化仿真及参数化台架实验验证[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(2):282-286.
[9]吴宝贵,李绍平,闫书法,等.基于ADAMS的麦弗逊悬架导向机构参数优化[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(1):130-133.
[10]吕宝占,周慧英,胡爱军,等.非公路车辆油气悬架振动特性的台架试验[J].机床与液压,2017,45(19):8-12.
[11]陈辛波,王斌,朱琳,等.麦弗逊式螺旋弹簧悬架的刚度与阻尼特性分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(2):266-270.
[12]赵武云.ADAMS基础与应用实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[13]马娜,周新涛,张峰,等.非公路宽体自卸车转向器支架优化设计[J].工程机械,2017,48(7):29-32.
[14]黄海波,翁胜峰,陈星欣.双横臂悬架的非线性多体建模与动力学分析[J].机械科学与技术,2011,30(2):331-335.
[2]陈家瑞.汽车构造[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
[3]丁飞,韩旭,刘桂萍,等.悬架导向机构硬点灵敏度分析及多目标优化设计[J].汽车工程,2010,32(2):137-142.
[4]熊飞,兰凤崇,陈吉清,等.两种典型轿车前悬架运动特性的对比研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(10):1161-1201.
[5]陆建辉,周孔亢,郭立娜,等.电动汽车麦弗逊前悬架设计及参数优化[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(8):98-103.
[6]Yong-sub Yi,Joonhong Park.Design optimization of suspension kinematic and compliance characteristic[J].SAE International,2014(1):38-44.
[7]Mohanmed F.Aly,Ashraf O.Nassef,et al.Multi-objective design of vehicle suspension systems via a local diffusion genetic algorithm for disjoint pareto frontiers[J].Engineering optimization,2015,47(5):706-717.
[8]何磊,陈辛波,黄露,等.双横臂独立悬架导向机构优化仿真及参数化台架实验验证[J].机械科学与技术,2015,34(2):282-286.
[9]吴宝贵,李绍平,闫书法,等.基于ADAMS的麦弗逊悬架导向机构参数优化[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(1):130-133.
[10]吕宝占,周慧英,胡爱军,等.非公路车辆油气悬架振动特性的台架试验[J].机床与液压,2017,45(19):8-12.
[11]陈辛波,王斌,朱琳,等.麦弗逊式螺旋弹簧悬架的刚度与阻尼特性分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(2):266-270.
[12]赵武云.ADAMS基础与应用实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[13]马娜,周新涛,张峰,等.非公路宽体自卸车转向器支架优化设计[J].工程机械,2017,48(7):29-32.
[14]黄海波,翁胜峰,陈星欣.双横臂悬架的非线性多体建模与动力学分析[J].机械科学与技术,2011,30(2):331-335.