基于小波神经网络与KNN机器学习算法的六相永磁同步电机故障态势感知方法
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摘要
为了避免六相永磁同步电机在运行过程中因缺相引发更严重的电机故障和系统崩坏,需对电机在故障发生前进行提前预测判断和在故障发生后进行故障类型识别。根据故障下定子磁动势不变原理,推导Y移30°中性点隔离型六相永磁同步电机在各缺相故障下的数学模型。通过小波包分析方法提取故障工况下的特征值,构建小波神经网络模型对故障发生进行预测判断,避免系统误触发;构建KNN机器学习系统,对故障类型进行快速识别,以实现对故障态势的感知。利用MATLAB软件和Python的Scikit-Learn机器学习库进行仿真实验,对比验证该方法在六相永磁同步电机故障态势感知中可靠有效。
In order to avoid the more serious motor fault and system breakdown which were caused by open phase during the running of six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor( PMSM),it is necessary to do the fault prediction and diagnosis. This paper derived mathematical model of neutral point isolation six-phase PMSM shifted by 30° with the principle of stator magnetomotive force invariance. Wavelet packet analysis was adopted to collect the feature values and the wavelet neural network was built to do the fault prediction and avoid system spurious triggering. The K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) machine learning system had also been built to diagnose the fault types quickly which could realize fault state perception. MATLAB and Scikit-Learn library of Python were used to do simulations which could verify the reliability and effectiveness of strategy.
In order to avoid the more serious motor fault and system breakdown which were caused by open phase during the running of six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor( PMSM),it is necessary to do the fault prediction and diagnosis. This paper derived mathematical model of neutral point isolation six-phase PMSM shifted by 30° with the principle of stator magnetomotive force invariance. Wavelet packet analysis was adopted to collect the feature values and the wavelet neural network was built to do the fault prediction and avoid system spurious triggering. The K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN) machine learning system had also been built to diagnose the fault types quickly which could realize fault state perception. MATLAB and Scikit-Learn library of Python were used to do simulations which could verify the reliability and effectiveness of strategy.
引文
[1]李响,韩民晓,许东.直流串并联海上风电机组控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,(3):46-52.Li Xiang,Han Minxiao,Xu Dong.Control strategy of DC parallel-series offshore wind turbines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,(3):46-52.
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[8]林晓刚,周扬忠,程明.基于虚拟变量的六相永磁同步电机缺任意两相容错型直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):231-239.Lin Xiaogang,Zhou Yangzhong,Cheng Ming.A Novel Direct Torque Control for Six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Two Opened Phases Based on Defining Fictitious Variables[J].Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2016,36(1):231-239.
[9]Fei M,Zanasi R.Multi-phase synchronous motors:Minimum dissipation fault-tolerant controls[C]//Decision and Control.IEEE,2012:7596-7601.
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[11]白江坡,邱静,姜云春.UKF方法在永磁同步电机故障检测中的应用[J].电机与控制学报,2007,11(1):33-36.Bai Jiangpo,Qiu Jing,Jiang Yunchun.Application of UKF in Fault Detection of PMSM[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,41(4):50-54.
[12]袁国强,李颖晖,杨有泽.基于局域均值分解的永磁同步电机故障诊断仿真[J].电光与控制,2014,(10):106-109.Yuan Guoqiang,Li Yinghui,Yang Youze.Fault Diagnosis Simulation of PMSM Based on LMD[J].Electronics Optics and Control,2014,(10):106-109.
[13]朱玲玲,张华中,王正刚,等.基于小波神经网络单相断线故障选线和定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(4):12-17.Zhu Lingling,Zhang Huazhong,Wang Zhenggang,et al.Single-phase open-line fault selection and location based on wavelet neural networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(4):12-17.
[14]毛海涛,田文德,梁慧婷.基于双层机器学习的动态精馏过程故障检测与分离[J].过程工程学报,2017,17(2):351-356.
[15]李东东,周文磊,郑晓霞,等.基于多重分形谱和支持向量机的风电机组行星齿轮箱故障诊断与研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(11):43-48.
[16]马世龙,乌尼日其其格,李小平.大数据与深度学习综述[J].智能系统学报,2016,11(6):728-742.
[17]何清,李宁,罗文娟,等.大数据下的机器学习算法综述[C]//中国计算机学会人工智能会议,2014:4-27.
[2]Sant A V,Khadkikar V,Xiao W,et al.Four-Axis Vector-Controlled Dual-Rotor PMSM for Plug-in Electric Vehicles[J].Industrial Electronics IEEE Transactions on,2015,62(5):3202-3212.
[3]张平,耿攀,杨文铁,等.船舶电力推进双三相永磁同步电机电流控制策略研究[J].船电技术,2014,34(12):60-63.Zhang Ping,Geng Pan,Yang Wentie,et al.The Control of the Current of Dual Three-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Ship E-lectric Propulsion System[J].Marine Electric,2014,34(12):60-63.
[4]Zhou Y,Lin X,Cheng M.A Fault-Tolerant Direct Torque Control for Six-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Arbitrary Two Opened Phases Based on Modified Variables[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(2):549-556.
[5]杨金波,李铁才,杨贵杰.一相开路双三相永磁同步电机建模与控制[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(10):167-173.Yang Jinbo,Li Tiecai,Yang Guijie.Modeling and Control of Dual Three-Phase PMSM with One Open Phase[J].Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2011,26(10):167-173.
[6]王永兴,温旭辉,赵峰.六相永磁同步电机缺相容错控制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):49-58.Wang Yongxing,Wen Xuhui,Zhao Feng.The Fault-tolerant Control for Six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with One Phase Failure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):49-58.
[7]周扬忠,程明,陈小剑.基于虚拟变量的六相永磁同步电机缺一相容错型直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):5050-5058.Zhou Yangzhong,Cheng Ming,Chen Xiaojian.A Tolerated Fault Direct Torque Control for Six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With One Opened Phase Based on Fictitious Variables[J].Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2015,35(19):5050-5058.
[8]林晓刚,周扬忠,程明.基于虚拟变量的六相永磁同步电机缺任意两相容错型直接转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):231-239.Lin Xiaogang,Zhou Yangzhong,Cheng Ming.A Novel Direct Torque Control for Six-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Two Opened Phases Based on Defining Fictitious Variables[J].Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2016,36(1):231-239.
[9]Fei M,Zanasi R.Multi-phase synchronous motors:Minimum dissipation fault-tolerant controls[C]//Decision and Control.IEEE,2012:7596-7601.
[10]侯新国,吴正国,夏立,等.瞬时功率分解算法在感应电机定子故障诊断中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(5):110-115.Hou Xingou,Wu Zhengguo,Xia Li,et al.Application of Instantaneous Power Decomposition Technique in Induction Motors Stator Fault Diagnosis[J].Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2005,25(5):110-115.
[11]白江坡,邱静,姜云春.UKF方法在永磁同步电机故障检测中的应用[J].电机与控制学报,2007,11(1):33-36.Bai Jiangpo,Qiu Jing,Jiang Yunchun.Application of UKF in Fault Detection of PMSM[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,41(4):50-54.
[12]袁国强,李颖晖,杨有泽.基于局域均值分解的永磁同步电机故障诊断仿真[J].电光与控制,2014,(10):106-109.Yuan Guoqiang,Li Yinghui,Yang Youze.Fault Diagnosis Simulation of PMSM Based on LMD[J].Electronics Optics and Control,2014,(10):106-109.
[13]朱玲玲,张华中,王正刚,等.基于小波神经网络单相断线故障选线和定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(4):12-17.Zhu Lingling,Zhang Huazhong,Wang Zhenggang,et al.Single-phase open-line fault selection and location based on wavelet neural networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(4):12-17.
[14]毛海涛,田文德,梁慧婷.基于双层机器学习的动态精馏过程故障检测与分离[J].过程工程学报,2017,17(2):351-356.
[15]李东东,周文磊,郑晓霞,等.基于多重分形谱和支持向量机的风电机组行星齿轮箱故障诊断与研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(11):43-48.
[16]马世龙,乌尼日其其格,李小平.大数据与深度学习综述[J].智能系统学报,2016,11(6):728-742.
[17]何清,李宁,罗文娟,等.大数据下的机器学习算法综述[C]//中国计算机学会人工智能会议,2014:4-27.
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