角质小麦和粉质小麦瘤胃降解特性的比较研究
|
摘要
本试验旨在研究角质和粉质小麦杜泊羊的瘤胃降解特性。选用4头体重相近(55.10±1.24 kg)、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康杜泊公羊为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法对角质小麦(潍麦8号、BD100、济麦22、山农5849、山农22、紫麦1号)和粉质小麦(山农8355、D800、6405)的干物质(DM)、有机物质(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解率进行测定。结果表明:角质小麦0～24 h的DM和OM降解率显著高于粉质小麦(P<0.05);角质小麦12～24 h的CP降解率显著高于粉质小麦(P <0.05);粉质小麦24 h后的NDF和ADF降解率显著高于角质小麦(P<0.05)。角质小麦的DM和OM的有效降解率显著高于粉质小麦(P<0.05),而粉质小麦NDF和ADF的有效降解率显著高于角质小麦(P <0.05)。由此可见,角质小麦和粉质小麦的降解特性不同,角质小麦DM、OM和CP的降解率均高于粉质小麦,而粉质小麦NDF和ADF的降解率高于角质小麦。
The objective of this test was to evaluate the different quality wheat varieties in rumen of Dorper sheep. Four sheep(BW of 55.10 ± 1.24 kg) fitted with permanent ruminal fistulae were used for the measurement of the rumen degradation rate of the horny wheat and silty wheat by nylon bags technique. The results showed that the rumen degradation rates of DM and OM of the horny wheat groups at 2 to 24 h were significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups(P <0.05); the degradation rate of CP of the horny wheat groups at 12 to 24 h was significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups(P < 0.05); the degradation rates of NDF and ADF of the horny wheat groups were significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups after 24 h(P < 0.05). The effective degradation rates of OM and DM of the horny wheat groups were significantly higher than that of the silty groups(P < 0.05), but the effective degradation rate of NDF and ADF of the silty wheat groups was significantly higher than that of the horny groups(P < 0.05). It is seen that the degradation characteristics of horny wheat and silty wheat were different. the rumen degradation rates of DM, OM and CP of the horny wheat were higher than that of the silty wheat, but the rumen degradation rates of NDF and ADF of the silty wheat were higher than that of the horny wheat.
The objective of this test was to evaluate the different quality wheat varieties in rumen of Dorper sheep. Four sheep(BW of 55.10 ± 1.24 kg) fitted with permanent ruminal fistulae were used for the measurement of the rumen degradation rate of the horny wheat and silty wheat by nylon bags technique. The results showed that the rumen degradation rates of DM and OM of the horny wheat groups at 2 to 24 h were significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups(P <0.05); the degradation rate of CP of the horny wheat groups at 12 to 24 h was significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups(P < 0.05); the degradation rates of NDF and ADF of the horny wheat groups were significantly higher than that of the silty wheat groups after 24 h(P < 0.05). The effective degradation rates of OM and DM of the horny wheat groups were significantly higher than that of the silty groups(P < 0.05), but the effective degradation rate of NDF and ADF of the silty wheat groups was significantly higher than that of the horny groups(P < 0.05). It is seen that the degradation characteristics of horny wheat and silty wheat were different. the rumen degradation rates of DM, OM and CP of the horny wheat were higher than that of the silty wheat, but the rumen degradation rates of NDF and ADF of the silty wheat were higher than that of the horny wheat.
引文
[1]Kaur R,Garcia SC,Fulkerson WJ,et al.Degradation kinetics of leaves,petioles and stems of forage rape(Brassica napus)as affected by maturity[J].Animal Feed Science&Technology,2011,168(s 3-4):165-178
[2]杨信,黄勤楼,夏友国,等.反刍动物瘤胃物质降解研究进展[J].家畜生态学报,2010(1):8-12
[3]鲍坤,徐超,宁浩然,等.常用饲料原料蛋白质在梅花鹿瘤胃内降解率的测定[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(11):2257-2262
[4]林春建,冯仰廉.尼龙袋法评定饲料在反刍动物瘤胃内蛋白质降解率[J].中国农业大学学报,1987,8(3):375-382
[5]王修启,邢宝松,张兆敏,等.小麦基础日粮添加不同水平木聚糖酶对猪生产性能的影响[J].华北农学报,2003,18(3):114-116
[6]宋凯,单安山.不同小麦日粮对肉仔鸡肉质、脂肪酸合成酶m RNA与脂蛋白脂肪酶m RNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(1):69-74
[7]Doepel L,Cox A,Hayirli A.Effects of increasing amounts of dietary wheat on performance and ruminal fermentation of Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(8):3825-3832
[8]张元庆,马晓飞,孙长勉,等.整粒或粉碎玉米和小麦对于生长肉牛的饲喂价值[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(6):626-632
[9]李振,王改英,刘晓牧,等.不同加工工艺小麦肉牛瘤胃降解率研究[J].中国饲料,2013(19):12-17
[10]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T6435-2006/ISO 6496:1999饲料中水分和其他挥发性物质含量的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007
[11]全国饲料工业标准化技术委员会.GB/T6432-1994饲料中粗蛋白测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994
[12]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T6438-2007/ISO 5984:2002饲料中粗灰分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002
[13]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T20806-2006饲料中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006
[14]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.NY/T1459-2007饲料中酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007
[15]?rskov ER,McDonald I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92(2):499-503
[16]么学博,杨红建,谢春元,等.反自家畜常用饲料蛋白质和氨基酸瘤胃降解特性和小肠消化率评定研究[J].动物营养学报,2007,19(3):225-231
[17]夏科,姚庆,李富国,等.奶牛常用粗饲料的瘤胃降解规律[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(4):769-777
[18]陈晓琳,刘志科,孙娟,等.不同牧草在肉羊瘤胃中的降解特性研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):268-276
[19]刘美,王中华,王云,等.山羊常用饲料营养价值的评定[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(1):25-30
[20]曹善勇.肉牛常用饲料瘤胃降解特性及日粮类型对瘤胃发酵影响的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[21]孙成斌.直链淀粉与支链淀粉的差异[J].黔南民族师范学院学报,2000(5):36-38
[22]李海普,李彬,欧阳明,等.直链淀粉和支链淀粉的表征[J].食品科学,2010,31(11):273-277
[23]Flachowsky G,Baldeweg P,Schein G.A note on the in sacco dry matter degradability of variously processed maize grains and of different maize varieties in sheep[J].Animal Feed Science&Technology,1992,39(s1-2):173-181
[24]颜品勋,冯仰廉,杨雅芳,等.青粗饲料蛋白质及有机物瘤胃降解规律的研究[C].全国反刍动物营养学术研讨会,2011
[25]张力莉,徐晓锋,金曙光.豆粕蛋白质和玉米蛋白粉蛋白质在绵羊瘤胃内降解规律的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(7):97-98
[26]王文娟,汪水平,谭支良.反刍动物瘤胃氮代谢研究进展[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(5):747-754
[27]Satter LD.Protein supply from undegraded dietary protein[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1986,69(69):2734-2749
[28]冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:131-134
[29]Redfearn D.魏宏阳,位振军,译.影响粗纤维消化和利用的限制因素[J].国外畜牧学:饲料,1998(5):13-16
[30]高义彪,闫素梅,赵天章,等.奶牛主要饲料原料纤维物质瘤胃降解率的研究[J].中国饲料,2008(8):14-17
[31]冯焱,佟建明.小麦的营养特性及其抗营养因子木聚糖的研究进展[J].中国饲料,2004(14):27-29
[2]杨信,黄勤楼,夏友国,等.反刍动物瘤胃物质降解研究进展[J].家畜生态学报,2010(1):8-12
[3]鲍坤,徐超,宁浩然,等.常用饲料原料蛋白质在梅花鹿瘤胃内降解率的测定[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(11):2257-2262
[4]林春建,冯仰廉.尼龙袋法评定饲料在反刍动物瘤胃内蛋白质降解率[J].中国农业大学学报,1987,8(3):375-382
[5]王修启,邢宝松,张兆敏,等.小麦基础日粮添加不同水平木聚糖酶对猪生产性能的影响[J].华北农学报,2003,18(3):114-116
[6]宋凯,单安山.不同小麦日粮对肉仔鸡肉质、脂肪酸合成酶m RNA与脂蛋白脂肪酶m RNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(1):69-74
[7]Doepel L,Cox A,Hayirli A.Effects of increasing amounts of dietary wheat on performance and ruminal fermentation of Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(8):3825-3832
[8]张元庆,马晓飞,孙长勉,等.整粒或粉碎玉米和小麦对于生长肉牛的饲喂价值[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(6):626-632
[9]李振,王改英,刘晓牧,等.不同加工工艺小麦肉牛瘤胃降解率研究[J].中国饲料,2013(19):12-17
[10]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T6435-2006/ISO 6496:1999饲料中水分和其他挥发性物质含量的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007
[11]全国饲料工业标准化技术委员会.GB/T6432-1994饲料中粗蛋白测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994
[12]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T6438-2007/ISO 5984:2002饲料中粗灰分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002
[13]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T20806-2006饲料中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006
[14]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.NY/T1459-2007饲料中酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007
[15]?rskov ER,McDonald I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92(2):499-503
[16]么学博,杨红建,谢春元,等.反自家畜常用饲料蛋白质和氨基酸瘤胃降解特性和小肠消化率评定研究[J].动物营养学报,2007,19(3):225-231
[17]夏科,姚庆,李富国,等.奶牛常用粗饲料的瘤胃降解规律[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(4):769-777
[18]陈晓琳,刘志科,孙娟,等.不同牧草在肉羊瘤胃中的降解特性研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):268-276
[19]刘美,王中华,王云,等.山羊常用饲料营养价值的评定[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,37(1):25-30
[20]曹善勇.肉牛常用饲料瘤胃降解特性及日粮类型对瘤胃发酵影响的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015
[21]孙成斌.直链淀粉与支链淀粉的差异[J].黔南民族师范学院学报,2000(5):36-38
[22]李海普,李彬,欧阳明,等.直链淀粉和支链淀粉的表征[J].食品科学,2010,31(11):273-277
[23]Flachowsky G,Baldeweg P,Schein G.A note on the in sacco dry matter degradability of variously processed maize grains and of different maize varieties in sheep[J].Animal Feed Science&Technology,1992,39(s1-2):173-181
[24]颜品勋,冯仰廉,杨雅芳,等.青粗饲料蛋白质及有机物瘤胃降解规律的研究[C].全国反刍动物营养学术研讨会,2011
[25]张力莉,徐晓锋,金曙光.豆粕蛋白质和玉米蛋白粉蛋白质在绵羊瘤胃内降解规律的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(7):97-98
[26]王文娟,汪水平,谭支良.反刍动物瘤胃氮代谢研究进展[J].华中农业大学学报,2007,26(5):747-754
[27]Satter LD.Protein supply from undegraded dietary protein[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1986,69(69):2734-2749
[28]冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:131-134
[29]Redfearn D.魏宏阳,位振军,译.影响粗纤维消化和利用的限制因素[J].国外畜牧学:饲料,1998(5):13-16
[30]高义彪,闫素梅,赵天章,等.奶牛主要饲料原料纤维物质瘤胃降解率的研究[J].中国饲料,2008(8):14-17
[31]冯焱,佟建明.小麦的营养特性及其抗营养因子木聚糖的研究进展[J].中国饲料,2004(14):27-29