瓷柱型电气设备基于BI-TMD的混合控制减震研究
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摘要
电力系统作为生命线系统的重要组成部分,其在地震发生时的安全运行至关重要,而历次强震表明,电气设备,尤其是瓷柱型电气设备,抗震性能较差,震害严重。该文给出一种基于基础隔震(baseisolation,BI)和调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)原理的BI-TMD混合控制策略,用于增强瓷柱型电气设备的抗震能力。通过有限元分析,给出这一混合控制策略在不同控制参数时,对不同频率的瓷柱型电气设备的减震效果。结果表明,BI-TMD对于长周期丰富的地震动和含速度脉冲的地震动的减震效果明显增强,地震动经过隔震层"滤波"后传递到被控设备的频率不确定性降低;所提出的BI-TMD减震方法具有良好的减震幅度和减震稳定性。
Power system, as important integrity of lifeline system, its safe operation during earthquakes is essential to the society. However, past strong earthquakes have demonstrated that the seismic performance of substation equipment,especially those porcelain cylindrical equipment, is far away from satisfactory. A combined damping method based on base isolation(BI) and tuned mass damper(TMD) was proposed and its effectiveness and robustness were researched through finite element methods. Characteristics of this combined damping method were studied on representative porcelain cylindrical equipment of different frequencies. Results show that BI-TMD have superb damping effectiveness and robustness. Compared with BI single control, BI-TMD performs much better and more stable facing long period dominant ground motions and pulse-like ground motions.Compared with TMD single control, BI-TMD reduces the uncertainties of the input ground motions and increases the stability of sub-TMD in the BI-TMD. Also, the sub-TMD in the BI-TMD is installed at the bottom of the controlled equipment rather than the top, which less affects the equipment function.
Power system, as important integrity of lifeline system, its safe operation during earthquakes is essential to the society. However, past strong earthquakes have demonstrated that the seismic performance of substation equipment,especially those porcelain cylindrical equipment, is far away from satisfactory. A combined damping method based on base isolation(BI) and tuned mass damper(TMD) was proposed and its effectiveness and robustness were researched through finite element methods. Characteristics of this combined damping method were studied on representative porcelain cylindrical equipment of different frequencies. Results show that BI-TMD have superb damping effectiveness and robustness. Compared with BI single control, BI-TMD performs much better and more stable facing long period dominant ground motions and pulse-like ground motions.Compared with TMD single control, BI-TMD reduces the uncertainties of the input ground motions and increases the stability of sub-TMD in the BI-TMD. Also, the sub-TMD in the BI-TMD is installed at the bottom of the controlled equipment rather than the top, which less affects the equipment function.
引文
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[17]Rana R,Soong T T.Parametric study and simplified design of tuned mass dampers[J].Engineering Structures,1998,20(3):193-204.
[18]Li C.Performance of multiple tuned mass dampers for attenuating undesirable oscillations of structures under the ground acceleration[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2000,29(9):1405-1421.
[19]李春祥,刘艳霞,王肇民.质量阻尼器的发展[J].力学进展,2003,33(2):194-206.Li Chunxiang,Liu Yanxia,Wang Zhaomin.A review on mass dampers[J].Advances on Mechanics,2003,33(2):194-206(in Chinese).
[20]IEEE Power Engineering Society.IEEE 693-2005 IEEERecommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations[S].New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.,2005.
[21]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50260-2013.电力设施抗震设计规范[S].北京.中国计划出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Code for seismic design of electrical installations[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2013(in Chinese).
[2]刘如山,张美晶,邬玉斌,等.汶川地震四川电网震害及功能失效研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010(S1):200-211.Liu Rushan,Zhang Meijing,Wu Yubin,et al.Damage and failure study of Sichuan electric power grid in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of basic science and engineering,2010(S1):200-211(in Chinese).
[3]谢强.电力系统的地震灾害研究现状与应急响应[J].电力建设,2008,29(8):1-6.Xie Qiang.State of the art of seismic disaster research and emergency response of electric power system[J].Electric Power Construction,2008,29(8):1-6(in Chinese).
[4]Kwasinski A,Eidinger J,Tang A,et al.Performance of electric power systems in the 2010-2011 Christchurch,New Zealand,earthquake sequence[J].Earthquake Spectra,2014,30(1):205-230.
[5]柏文.瓷柱型高耸电气设备多重环式调谐质量阻尼减振技术研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2014.Bai Wen.Study on multiple ring tuned mass damping for high-rise porcelain cylindrical electrical equipment[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2014(in Chinese).
[6]孟宪政.特高压变电站高抗电气设备瓷套管抗震性能研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2017.Meng Xianzheng.Seismic performance study on porcelain bushing installed on the high voltage reactor electrical equipment in the UHV substation[D].Beijing:China Electric Power Research Institute,2017(in Chinese).
[7]李亚琦.电瓷型高压电气设备体系抗震性能分析[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.Li Yaqi.Seismic analysis of the porcelain high-voltage equipments system[D].Beijing:Institute of Ge-ophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002(in Chinese).
[8]李圣,卢智成,邱宁,等.加装金属减震装置的1000kV避雷器振动台试验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1740-1745.Li Sheng,Lu Zhicheng,Qiu Ning,et al.Study on shaking table test of 1000kV surge arrester with metal damper device[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1740-1745(in Chinese).
[9]柏文,戴君武,周惠蒙,等.基于MRTMD的瓷柱型电气设备减震技术研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2016,36(3):111-117.Bai Wen,Dai Junwu,Zhou Huimeng,et al.Damping method for porcelain cylindrical electrical equipment based on MRTMD[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2016,36(3):111-117(in Chinese).
[10]柏文,戴君武,周惠蒙,等.瓷柱型电气设备的MTMD减震方法试验研究[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):841-848.Bai Wen,Dai Junwu,Zhou Huimeng,et al.Application of multiple tuned mass dampers on seismic protection of porcelain cylindrical electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):841-848.
[11]程永锋,孟宪政,卢智成,等.特高压变电站电抗器隔震试验[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):814-821.Cheng Yongfeng,Meng Xianzheng,Lu Zhicheng,et al.Isolation test in reactor of UHV substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):814-821(in Chinese).
[12]卢智成,程永锋,代泽兵,等.基底隔震电气隔离开关的动力反应分析[J].武汉大学学报:工学版,2009(S1):261-266.Lu Zhicheng,Cheng Yongfeng,Dai Zebing,et al.Dynamic response analysis of electrical disconnector with base isolation[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University:Engineering Edition,2009(S1):261-266(in Chinese).
[13]Murota N,Feng M Q,Liu G Y.Experimental and analytical studies of base isolation systems for seismic protection of power transformers[M].Buffalo:Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,2005:191-192.
[14]尚守平,崔向龙.基础隔震研究与应用的新进展及问题[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2016,41(1):21-28.Shang Shouping,Cui Xianglong.New progress and problems in research and application of base isolation[J].Engineering Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science Edition,2016,41(1):21-28(in Chinese).
[15]杨迪雄,李刚,程耿东.近断层脉冲型地震动作用下隔震结构地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(2):119-124.Yang Dixiong,Li Gang,Cheng Gengdong.Seismic analysis of base isolated structures subjected to near-fault pulse like ground motions[J].Journal of earthquake engineering and engineering vibration,2005,25(2):119-124(in Chinese).
[16]Frahm H.Device for damping vibrations of bodies:U.S.Patent 989,958[P].1911-4-18.
[17]Rana R,Soong T T.Parametric study and simplified design of tuned mass dampers[J].Engineering Structures,1998,20(3):193-204.
[18]Li C.Performance of multiple tuned mass dampers for attenuating undesirable oscillations of structures under the ground acceleration[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2000,29(9):1405-1421.
[19]李春祥,刘艳霞,王肇民.质量阻尼器的发展[J].力学进展,2003,33(2):194-206.Li Chunxiang,Liu Yanxia,Wang Zhaomin.A review on mass dampers[J].Advances on Mechanics,2003,33(2):194-206(in Chinese).
[20]IEEE Power Engineering Society.IEEE 693-2005 IEEERecommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations[S].New York:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.,2005.
[21]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50260-2013.电力设施抗震设计规范[S].北京.中国计划出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.Code for seismic design of electrical installations[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2013(in Chinese).
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