水平层状电各向异性介质大地电磁正演研究
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摘要
电各向异性现象在地球内部是普遍存在的,通过理论上推导的电各向异性介质的张量电导率的表达式及水平层状电各向异性介质的大地电磁正演公式,对一些地电模型进行数值计算,同时与电各向同性地电模型进行对比分析。结果表明,电各向异性介质的张量电导率的大小不仅与介质的固有电阻率性质有关,还与测量的方向有联系;电各向异性系数和相对测量角的变化都对地层的视电阻率和相位曲线振幅有较大的影响,但其曲线形态基本保持不变;当野外观测方向和电各向异性介质的电性主轴重合时,电各向异性介质模型可以看成两个独立的电各向同性介质模型。这些结果有助于以后的电各向异性介质实验研究和其大地电磁反演研究。
The electrical anisotropic phenomena is universal in the earth interior.We theoretically derived tensor conductivity expressions for the electrical anisotropic media and formula of magnetotelluric forward modeling in layered electrical anisotropic media which was used for numerical calculating some geoelectric models and comparing with electric isotropic geoelectric model.It shows that the tensor electrical conductivity of anisotropic media is not only related with its inherent resistivity properties,but also measuring direction;The amplitude value of the apparent resistivity curve changes significantly when one of the electric anisotropy coefficient and the relative measurement angle changes,while the shape of the apparent resistivity curve basically remain unchanged;When the measuring direction is the same as electrical spindle orientation of electric anisotropic medium in the field of electromagnetic exploration,electric anisotropic medium model can be seen as two independent electric isotropic medium model.This study,hopefully,will contribute to the research and application of future electric anisotropic media magnetotelluric inversion.
The electrical anisotropic phenomena is universal in the earth interior.We theoretically derived tensor conductivity expressions for the electrical anisotropic media and formula of magnetotelluric forward modeling in layered electrical anisotropic media which was used for numerical calculating some geoelectric models and comparing with electric isotropic geoelectric model.It shows that the tensor electrical conductivity of anisotropic media is not only related with its inherent resistivity properties,but also measuring direction;The amplitude value of the apparent resistivity curve changes significantly when one of the electric anisotropy coefficient and the relative measurement angle changes,while the shape of the apparent resistivity curve basically remain unchanged;When the measuring direction is the same as electrical spindle orientation of electric anisotropic medium in the field of electromagnetic exploration,electric anisotropic medium model can be seen as two independent electric isotropic medium model.This study,hopefully,will contribute to the research and application of future electric anisotropic media magnetotelluric inversion.
引文
[1]王家映.我国大地电磁测深研究新进展[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(1):206-216.WANG J Y.New deverlopment of magnetotelluric sounding in China[J].Geophys,1997,40(1):206-216.(In Chinese)
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[3]魏文博,谭捍东,金胜,等.华北中部岩石圈电性结构——应县—商河剖面大地电磁测深研究[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):645-650.WEI W B,TAN H D,JIN SH,et al.Conductivity structure of lithosphere in central north China:magnetotelluric study of Yingxian-Shanghe profile[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002,27(5):645-650.(In Chinese)
[4]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.藏北高原地壳及上地幔导电性结构[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1215-1225.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.Conductivity structure of crust and upper mantle beneath the northern Tibetan Plateau:Results of superwide band magnetotelluric sounding[J].Geophys,2006,49(4):1215-1225.(In Chinese)
[5]魏文博,叶高峰,金胜,等.华北地区东部岩石圈导电性结构研究——减薄的华北岩石圈特点[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):204-216.WEI W B,YE G F,JIN SH,et al.Geoelectric structure of lithosphere beneath eastern North China:features of a thinned lithosphere from magnetotelluric soundings[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2008,15(4):204-216.(In Chinese)
[6]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.藏南岩石圈导电性结构与流变性——超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果[J].中国科学:D辑,2009(11):1591-1606.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.Conductivity structure and rheological property of lithosphere in Southern Tibet inferred from super-broadband magnetotulleric sounding[J].Science in China(Series D:Earth Sciences),2009,39(11):1591-1606.(In Chinese)
[7]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.中国大陆岩石圈导电性结构研究——大陆电磁参数“标准网”实验(SinoProbe-01)[J].地质学报,2010,84(006):788-800.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.On the conductive structure of Chinese continental lithosphere-Experiment on"standard monitoring network"of continental EM parameters(SinoProbe-01)[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(6):788-800.(In Chinese)
[8]WANNAMAKER P E.Anisotropy versus heterogeneity in continental solid earth electromagnetic studies:fundamental response characteristics and implications for physicochemical state[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2005,26(6):733-765.
[9]O'BRIEN D P,MORRISON H F.Electromagnetic fields in an n-layer anisotropic half-space[J].Geophysics,1967,32(4):668-677.
[10]REDDY I K,RANKIN D.Magnetotelluric Effect of Dipping ANISOTROPIES[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1971,19(1):84-97.
[11]PEK J,SANTOS F A M.Magnetotelluric impedances and parametric sensitivities for 1-D anisotropic layered media[J].Computers&geosciences,2002,28(8):939-950.
[12]石应骏,刘国栋,吴广耀,等.大地电磁测深法教程[M].北京:地震出版社,1985.SHI Y J,LIU G D,WU G Y,et al.A course in magnetotelluric method[M].Beijing:Seismology Publishing House,1985.(In Chinese)
[13]陈乐寿,王光锷.大地电磁测深法[M].北京:地质出版社,1990.CHEN Y SH,WANG G Y.Magnetotelluric sounding method[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990.(In Chinese)
[14]林长佑,武玉霞,杨长福,等.水平层状对称各向异性介质的大地电磁资料反演[J].地球物理学报,1996,39:342-348.LIN C Y,WU Y X,YANG C F,et al.Magnetotelluric inversion for symmetrically anisotropic layered medium[J].Geophys,1996,39:342-348.(In Chinese)
[15]阮爱国,李清河.EDA各向异性层状介质MT正演模拟[J].华南地震,1999,19(4):8-13.RUAN A G,LI Q H.MT forward calculation in EDA anisotropy media[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1999,19(4):8-13.(In Chinese)
[16]霍光谱.二维大地电磁各向异性研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.HUO G P.Numerical modeling of magnetotelluric fields in two-dimensional anisotropic media[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2012.(In Chinese)
[17]周建美.各向异性地层中可控源电磁法一维全参数反演及三维有限体积正演算法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.ZHOU J M.Studying on 1Dparameterized inversion and 3Dfinite volume simulation of controlled-source electromagnetic method in anisotropic formation[D].Changchun:JILIN University,2014.(In Chinese)
[18]霍光谱,胡祥云,刘敏.各向异性介质中大地电磁正演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):1976-1982.HUO G P,HU X Y,LIU M.Review of the forward modeling of magnetotelluric in the anisotropy medium research[J].Progress in geophysics,2011,26(6):1976-1982.(In Chinese)
[19]陈粲年,洪清泉,王建成.介质为各向异性的电磁场[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.CHEN S N,HONG Q Q,WANG J C.Electromagnetic field for the anisotropic medium[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(In Chinese)
[20]李金铭.地电场与电法勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.LI J M.Geoelectric field and electrical prospecting[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2005.(In Chinese)
[21]陈乐寿,刘任,王天生.大地电磁测深资料处理与解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.CHEN Y S,LIU R,WANG T S.Magnetotelluric sounding data processing and interpretation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1989.(In Chinese)
[22]柳建新,童孝忠,郭荣文,等.大地电磁测深法勘探一资料处理、反演与解释科[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.LIU J X,TONG X Z,GUO R W,et al.Magnetotelluric sounding exploration-data processing,inversion and interpretation[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(In Chinese)
[2]尹曜田.利用断裂带电阻率各向异性结构揭示区域构造演化过程的研究——以加拿大大奴湖韧性剪切带为例[D].北京:中国地质大学,2014.YIN Y T.Regional tectonic evolution processes revealed from the electrical anisotropic structure of major shear zone:The case of the GSLsz,NW Canada[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2014.(In Chinese)
[3]魏文博,谭捍东,金胜,等.华北中部岩石圈电性结构——应县—商河剖面大地电磁测深研究[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2002,27(5):645-650.WEI W B,TAN H D,JIN SH,et al.Conductivity structure of lithosphere in central north China:magnetotelluric study of Yingxian-Shanghe profile[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002,27(5):645-650.(In Chinese)
[4]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.藏北高原地壳及上地幔导电性结构[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1215-1225.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.Conductivity structure of crust and upper mantle beneath the northern Tibetan Plateau:Results of superwide band magnetotelluric sounding[J].Geophys,2006,49(4):1215-1225.(In Chinese)
[5]魏文博,叶高峰,金胜,等.华北地区东部岩石圈导电性结构研究——减薄的华北岩石圈特点[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):204-216.WEI W B,YE G F,JIN SH,et al.Geoelectric structure of lithosphere beneath eastern North China:features of a thinned lithosphere from magnetotelluric soundings[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),2008,15(4):204-216.(In Chinese)
[6]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.藏南岩石圈导电性结构与流变性——超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果[J].中国科学:D辑,2009(11):1591-1606.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.Conductivity structure and rheological property of lithosphere in Southern Tibet inferred from super-broadband magnetotulleric sounding[J].Science in China(Series D:Earth Sciences),2009,39(11):1591-1606.(In Chinese)
[7]魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等.中国大陆岩石圈导电性结构研究——大陆电磁参数“标准网”实验(SinoProbe-01)[J].地质学报,2010,84(006):788-800.WEI W B,JIN SH,YE G F,et al.On the conductive structure of Chinese continental lithosphere-Experiment on"standard monitoring network"of continental EM parameters(SinoProbe-01)[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(6):788-800.(In Chinese)
[8]WANNAMAKER P E.Anisotropy versus heterogeneity in continental solid earth electromagnetic studies:fundamental response characteristics and implications for physicochemical state[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2005,26(6):733-765.
[9]O'BRIEN D P,MORRISON H F.Electromagnetic fields in an n-layer anisotropic half-space[J].Geophysics,1967,32(4):668-677.
[10]REDDY I K,RANKIN D.Magnetotelluric Effect of Dipping ANISOTROPIES[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1971,19(1):84-97.
[11]PEK J,SANTOS F A M.Magnetotelluric impedances and parametric sensitivities for 1-D anisotropic layered media[J].Computers&geosciences,2002,28(8):939-950.
[12]石应骏,刘国栋,吴广耀,等.大地电磁测深法教程[M].北京:地震出版社,1985.SHI Y J,LIU G D,WU G Y,et al.A course in magnetotelluric method[M].Beijing:Seismology Publishing House,1985.(In Chinese)
[13]陈乐寿,王光锷.大地电磁测深法[M].北京:地质出版社,1990.CHEN Y SH,WANG G Y.Magnetotelluric sounding method[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990.(In Chinese)
[14]林长佑,武玉霞,杨长福,等.水平层状对称各向异性介质的大地电磁资料反演[J].地球物理学报,1996,39:342-348.LIN C Y,WU Y X,YANG C F,et al.Magnetotelluric inversion for symmetrically anisotropic layered medium[J].Geophys,1996,39:342-348.(In Chinese)
[15]阮爱国,李清河.EDA各向异性层状介质MT正演模拟[J].华南地震,1999,19(4):8-13.RUAN A G,LI Q H.MT forward calculation in EDA anisotropy media[J].South China Journal of Seismology,1999,19(4):8-13.(In Chinese)
[16]霍光谱.二维大地电磁各向异性研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.HUO G P.Numerical modeling of magnetotelluric fields in two-dimensional anisotropic media[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2012.(In Chinese)
[17]周建美.各向异性地层中可控源电磁法一维全参数反演及三维有限体积正演算法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.ZHOU J M.Studying on 1Dparameterized inversion and 3Dfinite volume simulation of controlled-source electromagnetic method in anisotropic formation[D].Changchun:JILIN University,2014.(In Chinese)
[18]霍光谱,胡祥云,刘敏.各向异性介质中大地电磁正演研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):1976-1982.HUO G P,HU X Y,LIU M.Review of the forward modeling of magnetotelluric in the anisotropy medium research[J].Progress in geophysics,2011,26(6):1976-1982.(In Chinese)
[19]陈粲年,洪清泉,王建成.介质为各向异性的电磁场[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.CHEN S N,HONG Q Q,WANG J C.Electromagnetic field for the anisotropic medium[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(In Chinese)
[20]李金铭.地电场与电法勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.LI J M.Geoelectric field and electrical prospecting[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2005.(In Chinese)
[21]陈乐寿,刘任,王天生.大地电磁测深资料处理与解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.CHEN Y S,LIU R,WANG T S.Magnetotelluric sounding data processing and interpretation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1989.(In Chinese)
[22]柳建新,童孝忠,郭荣文,等.大地电磁测深法勘探一资料处理、反演与解释科[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.LIU J X,TONG X Z,GUO R W,et al.Magnetotelluric sounding exploration-data processing,inversion and interpretation[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.(In Chinese)