油气管道内焊机打底+激光-电弧复合根焊工艺
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摘要
为提高长输油气管道施工质量和效率、降低施工成本,开展了应用内焊机打底+激光-电弧复合根焊工艺的高效焊接方法研究。内焊机具有根焊焊接质量高、速度快的特点,激光-电弧复合焊具有熔深比大、变形小、高速的优势,结合两种设备的优点进行焊接试验。结果表明:采用内焊机+激光-电弧复合焊工艺能够有效控制焊缝背面成型缺陷,尤其对于5:00-6:00方向,使焊缝背面内凹得到有效解决;对焊后的焊缝进行射线检测和力学性能试验,满足现有标准的要求;金相观察发现,在顶点位置焊缝钝边根部有未熔缺陷,其他位置焊缝区组织没有发现焊接缺陷。研究结果为后续激光-电弧复合焊应用于管道施工现场奠定了技术基础。
In order to improve the construction quality and efficiency of long-distance oil and gas pipelines and reduce the construction cost, an efficient welding method using internal welding machine rendering + laser-arc hybrid welding technology was developed. The internal welding machine has the characteristics of high quality and high speed of root welding, and laser-arc hybrid welding has the advantages of high penetration ratio, small deformation and high speed. Welding experiment was conducted based on the advantages of two equipments. It is indicated that by means of internal welding machine + laser-arc hybrid welding technology, the defects formed on the back of the weld can be controlled effectively, and especially the internal concave on the back of the weld in the direction of 5:00-6:00 is solved effectively. Radiographic testing and mechanical property test were conducted on the welds after welding, and it is shown that they meet the requirements of existing standards. It is revealed from the metallographic image that there are no welding defects in the weld zones, except for some incomplete penetration at the root of the weld blunt edge in the top position. The research results provide the technical foundation for the field application of laser-arc hybrid welding in pipeline construction.
In order to improve the construction quality and efficiency of long-distance oil and gas pipelines and reduce the construction cost, an efficient welding method using internal welding machine rendering + laser-arc hybrid welding technology was developed. The internal welding machine has the characteristics of high quality and high speed of root welding, and laser-arc hybrid welding has the advantages of high penetration ratio, small deformation and high speed. Welding experiment was conducted based on the advantages of two equipments. It is indicated that by means of internal welding machine + laser-arc hybrid welding technology, the defects formed on the back of the weld can be controlled effectively, and especially the internal concave on the back of the weld in the direction of 5:00-6:00 is solved effectively. Radiographic testing and mechanical property test were conducted on the welds after welding, and it is shown that they meet the requirements of existing standards. It is revealed from the metallographic image that there are no welding defects in the weld zones, except for some incomplete penetration at the root of the weld blunt edge in the top position. The research results provide the technical foundation for the field application of laser-arc hybrid welding in pipeline construction.
引文
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[18]雷正龙,杨雨禾,李福泉,等.X70钢管道全位置激光-MAG电弧复合根焊焊缝成型实验研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(4):51-57.LEI Z L,YANG Y H,LI F Q,et al.Research on weld appearance of X70 steel joints prepared by laser-MAG hybrid welding process for all-position root welding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2015,42(4):51-57.
[19]赵昊,张宏.激光-电弧复合焊接工艺参数优化与分析[J].长春大学学报,2012,22(2):145-148.ZHAO H,ZHANG H.Parameters optimization and analysis on technology of laser-arc hybrid welding[J].Journal of Changchun University,2012,22(2):145-148.
[20]王旭友,王威,林尚扬.激光-短路MAG复合热源焊接过程稳定性的影响因素[J].焊接学报,2010,31(3):17-20,113-114.WANG X Y,WANG W,LING S Y.Two factors influencing welding process stability of Nd:YAG laser-short circuit arc MAG hybrid welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2010,31(3):17-20,113-114.
[2]姜亦帅,杨尚磊,王妍,等.激光-电弧复合焊接技术的研究现状[J].焊接技术,2016,45(3):1-4.JIANG Y S,YANG S L,WANG Y,et al.Research status of laser arc hybrid welding technology[J].Welding Technology,2016,45(3):1-4.
[3]KRUUSING A.Underwater and water-assisted laser processing:Part2-Etching,cutting and rarely used methods[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2004,41(2):329-352.
[4]袁小川,赵虎,王平平.激光-电弧复合焊接技术的研究与应用[J].焊接技术,2010,39(5):2-7.YUAN X C,ZHAO H,WANG P P.Development and application of laser-arc hybrid welding technique[J].Welding Technology,2010,39(5):2-7.
[5]曾惠林,皮亚东,王新升,等.长输管道全位置激光-电弧复合焊接技术[J].焊接学报,2012,33(11):110-112.ZENG H L,PI Y D,WANG X S,et al.Research on all-position laser-arc hybrid welding for long distance transportation pipeline[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2012,33(11):110-112.
[6]檀朝彬,曾惠林,皮亚东,等.油气管道激光-电弧复合焊焊接工艺参数研究[J].油气储运,2016,35(8):871-874,908.TAN C B,ZENG H L,PI Y D,et al.Study on welding parameters of laser arc hybrid welding for oil and gas pipelines[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(8):871-874,908.
[7]崔云龙,陈辉.激光-MIG复合焊接对错边的工艺适应性[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(19):206-208.CUI Y L,CHEN H.Process adaptability of alignment tolerance using laser-MIG hybrid welding[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(19):206-208.
[8]高明,曾晓雁,胡乾午,等.激光-电弧复合焊接咬边缺陷分析及抑制方法[J].焊接学报,2008,29(6):85-88.GAO M,ZENG X Y,HU Q W,et al.Mechanism and remedy of undercut formation during laser-arc hybrid welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2008,29(6):85-88.
[9]王天骄,王春明,胡佩佩,等.窄间隙条件下激光-电弧复合焊接稳定性研究[J].应用激光,2012,32(6):501-504.WANG T J,WANG C M,HU P P,et al.Study on stability of laser arc hybrid welding in narrow gap[J].Applied Laser,2012,32(6):501-504.
[10]李德,孔德胜,陈利新,等.PIW48内焊+PAW3000外焊在西气东输三线的应用[J].焊接技术,2016,45(9):79-81.LI D,KONG D S,CHEN L X,et al.Application of PIW48internal welding+PAW3000 external welding in the 3rd WestEast Pipeline Project[J].Welding Technology,2016,45(9):79-81.
[11]尹长华,高泽涛,薛振奎.长输管道安装焊接方法现状及展望[J].电焊机,2013,43(5):134-141.YIN Z H,GAO Z T,XUE Z K.Welding process present and prospect of long-distance transport pipeline[J].Electric Welding Machine,2013,43(5):134-141.
[12]RIBIC B,RAI R,DEBROY T.Numerical simulation of heat transfer and fluid flow in GTA Laser hybrid welding[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2008,13(8):683-693.
[13]ZHAO L,SUGINO T,ARAKANE G,et al.Influence of welding parameters on distribution of wire feeding elements in CO2 laser GMA hybrid welding[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2009,14(5):457-467.
[14]WEBSTER S,KRISTENSEN J K,PETRING D.Joining of thick section steels using hybrid laser welding[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2008,35(7):496-504.
[15]邵奇深,张宏,刘凤德,等.激光-电弧复合焊接热源布置方式对焊缝组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(8):66-72.SHAO Q S,ZHANG H,LIU F D,et al.Effect of heat source arrangement on microstructure and property of welded joint for laser-MAG arc hybrid welding[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(8):66-72.
[16]雷正龙,檀财旺,陈彦宾,等.X80管线钢光纤激光-MAG复合焊接打底层组织及性能[J].中国激光,2013,40(4):79-85.LEI Z L,TAN C W,CHEN Y B,et al.Microstructure and properties of root welding layer for X80 pipeline steel using fiber laser-MAG hybrid welding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(4):79-85.
[17]陈根余,夏海龙,周聪,等.高功率光纤激光焊接底部驼峰的机理研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(2):94-100.CHEN G Y,XIA H L,ZHOU C,et al.Study on the mechanism of high power fiber laser welding at the bottom hump[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2015,42(2):94-100.
[18]雷正龙,杨雨禾,李福泉,等.X70钢管道全位置激光-MAG电弧复合根焊焊缝成型实验研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(4):51-57.LEI Z L,YANG Y H,LI F Q,et al.Research on weld appearance of X70 steel joints prepared by laser-MAG hybrid welding process for all-position root welding[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2015,42(4):51-57.
[19]赵昊,张宏.激光-电弧复合焊接工艺参数优化与分析[J].长春大学学报,2012,22(2):145-148.ZHAO H,ZHANG H.Parameters optimization and analysis on technology of laser-arc hybrid welding[J].Journal of Changchun University,2012,22(2):145-148.
[20]王旭友,王威,林尚扬.激光-短路MAG复合热源焊接过程稳定性的影响因素[J].焊接学报,2010,31(3):17-20,113-114.WANG X Y,WANG W,LING S Y.Two factors influencing welding process stability of Nd:YAG laser-short circuit arc MAG hybrid welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2010,31(3):17-20,113-114.