创业教育、创业意愿与大学生创业绩效——基于235份问卷调查的实证分析
|
摘要
本文以浙江省235位大学生创客为对象,基于实地调查数据,运用结构方程模型研究了创业教育对创业绩效的影响,同时引入以创业意愿作为中介变量,检验创业教育的效果,探讨创业教育对大学生创业绩效的影响机制,并采用层级回归分析方法进行了稳健性检验。结果显示:(1)创业理论教育和创业实践教育均对创业绩效产生显著的正向影响,且实践教育的作用效果更明显;(2)创业教育能够促进创业意愿的形成;(3)创业意愿在创业教育和创业绩效之间起中介作用,它在创业理论教育与创业绩效之间起完全中介作用,而在创业实践教育与创业绩效之间起部分中介作用。最后,基于研究结论,得到了以创业教育促进创业绩效的几点启示。
The relationship, among entrepreneurship education, college students entrepreneurial performance, and introduces entrepreneurial intention, is studied in the paper, as an intermediary variable to test the effect of entrepreneurial education. The influential mechanism of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial performance from college students is discussed as well. What's more, the hierarchical regression model for empirical analysis is adopted based on 235 questionnaires from Zhejiang province. The results show as followed. Firstly, entrepreneurship theoretic education and entrepreneurial practical education have significant positive impact on entrepreneurial performance, and the latter factor is greater than the previous one for the effect. Secondly, entrepreneurial education can promote the formation of entrepreneurial intention. Thirdly, entrepreneurial intentions play a full intermediary role between theoretic education and entrepreneurial performance; play a partial intermediary role between practical education and entrepreneurial performance.Finally, it has some enlightenment to promote entrepreneurial performance by entrepreneurship education based on the conclusions.
The relationship, among entrepreneurship education, college students entrepreneurial performance, and introduces entrepreneurial intention, is studied in the paper, as an intermediary variable to test the effect of entrepreneurial education. The influential mechanism of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial performance from college students is discussed as well. What's more, the hierarchical regression model for empirical analysis is adopted based on 235 questionnaires from Zhejiang province. The results show as followed. Firstly, entrepreneurship theoretic education and entrepreneurial practical education have significant positive impact on entrepreneurial performance, and the latter factor is greater than the previous one for the effect. Secondly, entrepreneurial education can promote the formation of entrepreneurial intention. Thirdly, entrepreneurial intentions play a full intermediary role between theoretic education and entrepreneurial performance; play a partial intermediary role between practical education and entrepreneurial performance.Finally, it has some enlightenment to promote entrepreneurial performance by entrepreneurship education based on the conclusions.
引文
[1]张文伟,赵文红.行业内外联系、创业学习和创业绩效的关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2017,38(4):162-171.
[2]熊丙奇.大学生创业成功率低,原因岂止创业教育薄弱[N].科学时报,2010-5-25.
[3]郑刚,梅景瑶,郭艳婷,何晓斌.创业教育、创业经验和创业企业绩效[J].科学学研究,2018,36(6):1087-1095.
[4]RIDEOUT,C.E.&GRAY,O.D.Does Entrepreneurship Education Really Work?A Review and Methodological Critique of the Empirical Literature on the Effects of University-based Entrepreneurship Education[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2013,51(3):329-351.
[5]PIPEROPOULS,P.,&DIMOV,D.Burst bubbles or build steam entrepreneurship education,entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2014,53(4):970-985.
[6]徐萍平,杨海峰,邬家英.创业教育课程体系建设的构想与实践[J].科研管理,2005,26(S1):78-85.
[7]任胜钢,贾倩,董保宝.大众创业:创业教育能够促进大学生创业吗?[J].科学学研究,2017,35(7):1063-1072.
[8]KRUEGER,N.&BRAZEAL,D.Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1994,18(3):91-104.
[9]任胜钢,蒋宇,贾倩.创业教育对大学生创业绩效的影响机制研究[J].现代大学教育,2017,3:106-111.
[10]SOLESVIK M,WESTHEAD P,MATLAY H.Cultural factors and entrepreneurial intention:The role of entrepreneurship education[J].Education&Training,2014,56(8-9):680-696.
[11]FAYOLLE,A,&GAILLY,B.The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and in tentions:Hysteresis and persistence[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2015,53(1):75-93.
[12]MARTIN B C,MC NALLY J J,KAY M J.Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship:A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2013,28(2):211-224.
[13]Robinson P,Haynes M.Entrepreneurship education in America’s major universities[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1993,159(3):41-52.
[14]Segal G,Borgia D,Schoenfeld J.Using social cognitive career theory to Predict self-employment goals[J].New England Journal of Entrepreneurship,2002,5(2):47-56.
[15]苗莉,何良兴.基于异质性假设的创业意愿及其影响机理研究[J].财经问题研究,2016(5):16-23.
[16]Batun J R,Loeke E A,Smith K G.A Multidimensional model of venture growth[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,4(2):292-303.
[17]Hopy,Wong P K.Availability of financing regulatory business cost and national entrepreneurial propensity[EB/OL].http://129.3.20.41/eps/io/paper/0504/0504025 PDF 2005-08-03.
[18]Reynolds P,Bosma N,Autio E.Global entrepreneurship monitor:Data collection design and implementation 1998-2003[J].Small Business Economics,2005,24(3):205-231.
[2]熊丙奇.大学生创业成功率低,原因岂止创业教育薄弱[N].科学时报,2010-5-25.
[3]郑刚,梅景瑶,郭艳婷,何晓斌.创业教育、创业经验和创业企业绩效[J].科学学研究,2018,36(6):1087-1095.
[4]RIDEOUT,C.E.&GRAY,O.D.Does Entrepreneurship Education Really Work?A Review and Methodological Critique of the Empirical Literature on the Effects of University-based Entrepreneurship Education[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2013,51(3):329-351.
[5]PIPEROPOULS,P.,&DIMOV,D.Burst bubbles or build steam entrepreneurship education,entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2014,53(4):970-985.
[6]徐萍平,杨海峰,邬家英.创业教育课程体系建设的构想与实践[J].科研管理,2005,26(S1):78-85.
[7]任胜钢,贾倩,董保宝.大众创业:创业教育能够促进大学生创业吗?[J].科学学研究,2017,35(7):1063-1072.
[8]KRUEGER,N.&BRAZEAL,D.Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1994,18(3):91-104.
[9]任胜钢,蒋宇,贾倩.创业教育对大学生创业绩效的影响机制研究[J].现代大学教育,2017,3:106-111.
[10]SOLESVIK M,WESTHEAD P,MATLAY H.Cultural factors and entrepreneurial intention:The role of entrepreneurship education[J].Education&Training,2014,56(8-9):680-696.
[11]FAYOLLE,A,&GAILLY,B.The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and in tentions:Hysteresis and persistence[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2015,53(1):75-93.
[12]MARTIN B C,MC NALLY J J,KAY M J.Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship:A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2013,28(2):211-224.
[13]Robinson P,Haynes M.Entrepreneurship education in America’s major universities[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1993,159(3):41-52.
[14]Segal G,Borgia D,Schoenfeld J.Using social cognitive career theory to Predict self-employment goals[J].New England Journal of Entrepreneurship,2002,5(2):47-56.
[15]苗莉,何良兴.基于异质性假设的创业意愿及其影响机理研究[J].财经问题研究,2016(5):16-23.
[16]Batun J R,Loeke E A,Smith K G.A Multidimensional model of venture growth[J].Academy of Management Journal,2001,4(2):292-303.
[17]Hopy,Wong P K.Availability of financing regulatory business cost and national entrepreneurial propensity[EB/OL].http://129.3.20.41/eps/io/paper/0504/0504025 PDF 2005-08-03.
[18]Reynolds P,Bosma N,Autio E.Global entrepreneurship monitor:Data collection design and implementation 1998-2003[J].Small Business Economics,2005,24(3):205-231.