气井排液用涡流工具在不同流态的适用性研究
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摘要
目前国内对涡流工具的机理研究主要通过Fluent软件对流场进行模拟分析,但忽略了井筒实际的流态分布以及涡流工具在各流态下的适用性,导致对涡流工具机理认识不清。为了研究垂直管内流体在段塞流、搅动流和环状流下经过涡流工具前、后的动态变化过程,采用Fluent软件的瞬态模拟方法,分析流体在不同流态下经过涡流工具前、后流场的变化过程,解释涡流工具的工作机理和在各流态下的适应性。分析结果表明:涡流工具的主要作用机理是对流体能量进行转化,将部分静压转化为动压,且动压增量用于提供流体的切向速度,使流体气液相被有效分离;相比于段塞流和环状流,搅动流流体经过涡流工具后截面持液率降低,有效提高了气体的携液能力,因此涡流工具在搅动流下使用效果最佳。研究结果可为气井排液用涡流工具的现场应用提供参考。
At present,the mechanism research of vortex tools in China mainly uses Fluent software to simulate the flow field,which ignores the actual flow regime distribution in the wellbore and the applicability of the vortex tool in each flow regime,leading to unclear understanding of the mechanism of the vortex tool. In order to study the dynamic behavior of fluid in the vertical pipe before and after passing through the vortex tool under the slug flow,the agitation flow and the annular flow,the transient simulation method of Fluent software is used to analyze the flow field change and explain the working mechanism of the vortex tool and the feasibility in each flow regime. The analysis results show that the main mechanism of the vortex tool is to transform the fluid energy,namely converting part of the static pressure into dynamic pressure. The increment of dynamic pressure is used to provide the fluid tangential velocity to effectively separate gas-liquid. Compared with the slug flow and the annular flow,the liquid holdup of the agitated flow after passing through the vortex tool is reduced,thus effectively improves the liquid carrying capacity of the gas. Therefore,the agitation flow is preferable for the vortex tool. The research results could provide references for the field application of vortex tool for gas well fluid drainage.
At present,the mechanism research of vortex tools in China mainly uses Fluent software to simulate the flow field,which ignores the actual flow regime distribution in the wellbore and the applicability of the vortex tool in each flow regime,leading to unclear understanding of the mechanism of the vortex tool. In order to study the dynamic behavior of fluid in the vertical pipe before and after passing through the vortex tool under the slug flow,the agitation flow and the annular flow,the transient simulation method of Fluent software is used to analyze the flow field change and explain the working mechanism of the vortex tool and the feasibility in each flow regime. The analysis results show that the main mechanism of the vortex tool is to transform the fluid energy,namely converting part of the static pressure into dynamic pressure. The increment of dynamic pressure is used to provide the fluid tangential velocity to effectively separate gas-liquid. Compared with the slug flow and the annular flow,the liquid holdup of the agitated flow after passing through the vortex tool is reduced,thus effectively improves the liquid carrying capacity of the gas. Therefore,the agitation flow is preferable for the vortex tool. The research results could provide references for the field application of vortex tool for gas well fluid drainage.
引文
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[3]朱庆,张俊杰,谢飞,等.涡流排水采气技术在四川气田的应用[J].天然气技术与经济,2013,7(1):37-39.ZHU Q,ZHANG J J,XIE F,et al.Application of eddy drainage gas recovery to gasfields in Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2013,7(1):37-39.
[4]邓宗竹,宫宁宁,房少锋,等.涡流工具在苏77区块的应用研究[J].北京石油化工学院学报,2016,24(1):26-30.DENG Z Z,GONG N N,FANG S F,et al.Research on the application of eddy tool in Su 77 block[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Petro-Chemical Technology,2016,24(1):26-30.
[5]ALI A J,SCOTT S L,FEHN B.Investigation of new tool to unload liquids from stripper-gas wells[J].SPEProduction&Facilities,2005,20(4):306-316.
[6]陈德春,韩昊,姚亚,等.气井涡流工具作用效果分析与临界携液流量实验研究[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(11):2137-2141.CHEN D C,HAN H,YAO Y,et al.An experimental study on the effect of the vortex tool and its influence on critical velocity[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(11):2137-2141.
[7]杨旭东,李丽,张军,等.井下涡流工具排水采气机理研究[J].石油机械,2015,43(5):81-86.YANG X D,LI L,ZHANG J,et al.Mechanism study of downhole vortex tool for water drainage during gas production[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2015,43(5):81-86.
[8]冯翠菊,王春生,张黉.天然气井下涡流工具排液效果影响因素分析[J].石油机械,2013,41(1):78-81.FENG C J,WANG C S,ZHANG H.Influencing factor analysis of the liquid discharge effect of downhole vortex tool in natural gas wells[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(1):78-81.
[9]詹姆斯·利,亨利·尼肯斯,迈克尔·韦尔斯.气井排水采气[M].何顺利,顾岱鸿,田树宝,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2009.LEE J,JONESH N,WELLES M.Gas well deliquification[M].HE S L,GU D H,TIAN S B,et al,trans.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[10]王春生,田明磊,徐玉建,等.天然气井涡流工具排水采气数值模拟[J].当代化工,2015,44(8):1969-1971,1976.WANG C S,TIAN M L,XU Y J,et al.Numerical simulation of vortex tools drainage gas recovery of gas wells[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2015,44(8):1969-1971,1976.
[11]刘通.产液气井两相流机理模型研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.LIU T.Mechanistic model for two-phase flow in liquidcut gas wells[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum U-niversity,2014.
[12]李玉星,冯叔初.油气水多相管流[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2011.LI Y X,FENG S C.Oil,gas and water multiphase flow in pipelines[M].Dongying:China Petroleum University Press,2011.