山杨树枝和树根气干密度及纤维形态的研究
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摘要
为扩大山杨Populus davidiana的全树使用范围,对生长于小兴安岭地区山杨的树枝、树根气干密度及纤维形态进行了研究。结果表明:山杨树枝气干密度为0.487 g·cm-3,纤维平均长度745.824μm,平均宽度23.947μm,壁厚13.904μm,内径10.043μm,长宽比32.203,壁腔比0.773;山杨树根木材气干密度为0.333 g·cm-3,纤维平均长度859.442μm,平均宽度28.411μm,壁厚18.282μm,内径10.043μm,长宽比32.473,壁腔比0.591。方差分析表明,山杨树枝和树根除内径和长宽比差异水平不显著之外,其余各项指标差异均达到显著水平。山杨树枝和树根基本达到造纸和重组木原料要求。山杨树根比树枝更适合制造石膏刨花板。
In order to develop whole-tree wood utilization of Populus davidiana, wood air-dry density and fiber morphology of branch and root in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains were studied. For the branches, the wood density was 0.487 g/cm3,the average fiber length was 745.824 μm, the average width was 23.947 μm, the wall thickness was 13.904 μm, the inner diameter was 10.043 μm, the aspect ratio was 32.203, and the ratio of wall to cavity was 0.773. For the roots, the air-dry density was 0.333 g·cm-3, the average fiber length was 859.442 μm, the average width was 28.411 μm, the wall thickness was 18.282 μm, the inner diameter was 10.043 μm, the aspect ratio was 32.473, and the ratio of wall to cavity was 0.591.The analysis of variance showed that wood air-dry density and fiber morphology(except for the internal diameter and aspect ratio) varied significantly between branch and root wood. The result indicated that the branch and root wood of Populus davidiana could meet the requirements of paper-making raw materials and recombined wood raw materials. The root wood was more suitable for the manufacture of plaster particle board than the branch wood.
In order to develop whole-tree wood utilization of Populus davidiana, wood air-dry density and fiber morphology of branch and root in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains were studied. For the branches, the wood density was 0.487 g/cm3,the average fiber length was 745.824 μm, the average width was 23.947 μm, the wall thickness was 13.904 μm, the inner diameter was 10.043 μm, the aspect ratio was 32.203, and the ratio of wall to cavity was 0.773. For the roots, the air-dry density was 0.333 g·cm-3, the average fiber length was 859.442 μm, the average width was 28.411 μm, the wall thickness was 18.282 μm, the inner diameter was 10.043 μm, the aspect ratio was 32.473, and the ratio of wall to cavity was 0.591.The analysis of variance showed that wood air-dry density and fiber morphology(except for the internal diameter and aspect ratio) varied significantly between branch and root wood. The result indicated that the branch and root wood of Populus davidiana could meet the requirements of paper-making raw materials and recombined wood raw materials. The root wood was more suitable for the manufacture of plaster particle board than the branch wood.
引文
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[3]张奕.几种树种木材制造石膏刨花板的适应性[J].木材工业,1990(4):3-7.
[4]梁艳君,张亚慧,马红霞,等.户外用杨木重组木的制备工艺与性能评价[J].木材工业,2017,31(2):49-52.
[5]赵艳国,史有文,乔润喜.天然次生山杨林经营初探[J].黑河科技,2003(4):43-44.
[6]Santiago L S, Goldstein G, Meinzer F C, et al.Leaf photosynthetic traits scale with hydraulic conductivity and wood density in Panamanian forest canopy trees[J].Oecologia, 2004, 140(4):543-550.
[7]李先萍.对杨树局实施天然林保护工程的几点看法[J].林业科技通讯,2004(4):10-12.
[8]刘光良.国外全树利用发展概况[J].林化科技,1978(Z1):140-143.
[9]赵立岗.全树利用的世界性趋势[J].林业机械,1983(1):49-51.
[10]King D A, Davies S J, Tan S, et al. The role of wood density and stem support costs in the growth and mortality of tropical trees[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2006,94(3):670-680.
[11]刘君良,戚继忠,张立平,等.大叶山杨与山杨木材比较解剖与材性分析[J].吉林林学院学报,1999,15(4):199-202.
[12]姜艳,张生,戚继忠.大叶山杨与山杨形态及物候特征比较[J].北华大学学报:自然科学版,2011,12(1):93-96.
[13]杨传兴,王国庆.山杨播种育苗技术[J].林业科技情报,2006,38(4):32-32.
[14]邓玉和,张沛.原材料对石膏刨花板性能的影响[J].建筑人造板,1994(4):.
[15]鲍甫成,江泽慧.中国主要人工林树种木材性质[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1998.
[16]郭正,李玉秀,雷亚芳.桑枝、杜仲条、柳条与重组材常用原料纤维形态和基本密度比较研究[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(5):202-207.