广西红黏土热导率测试及理论预测模型研究
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摘要
利用探针法对广西4种红黏土的热导率进行室内测定,获取红黏土热导率随其含水率变化的规律;结合复合介质理论,对常用的热导率计算模型进行模拟分析,尝试寻找一个合适的计算模型对广西红黏土热导率进行有效计算预测;在此基础上,结合矿物组成分析,探讨理论预测模型中红黏土固相热导率的计算取值问题。研究结果表明:(1)在相同的干密度情况下,广西4种红黏土的热导率均以各自临界含水率为界点随体积含水率增加而呈现出分段递增的趋势,各段增长速率不同。(2)采用有效介质理论模型(EMT模型)和并联模型可分段计算广西红黏土的热导率:含水率低于临界值时,采用EMT模型计算;含水率高于临界值时,采用并联模型计算。(3)采用差分有效介质理论对广西红黏土的固相热导率进行取值的方法,综合考虑了红黏土中矿物成分对土颗粒固相热导率的影响,计算结果更接近工程实际。
The thermal probe method for measuring the thermal conductivity of 4 red clays in Guangxi was used to obtain the relationship between the thermal conductivity and water content of red clay. Then the common calculation models was had simulation analysis with the Composite Medium Theory in order to select out the appropriate calculation models which can be used to predicted the thermal conductivity of red clay effectively. On this basis,the calculation value of solid thermal conductivity of red clay in those calculation models was discussed according to the mineral composition analysis. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the red clays increases with the increasing of volumetric water content at the same dry density and the critical water content is a demarcation point. The increasing rates are different in these two sections. It is found that the thermal conductivity of red clay can be calculated into two subsections by Effective Medium Theory(EMT) model and Parallel model. The thermal conductivity was predicted by the EMT model when the soil water content is lower than the critical value,and by the Parallel model when the soil water content is higher than the critical value. Finally,the method for taking-value of solid thermal conductivity of red clay with Difference Effective Medium Theory have a comprehensive consideration about the influence of mineral compositions of red clay on the solid thermal conductivity,and the calculation results are much more approximate to the practice.
The thermal probe method for measuring the thermal conductivity of 4 red clays in Guangxi was used to obtain the relationship between the thermal conductivity and water content of red clay. Then the common calculation models was had simulation analysis with the Composite Medium Theory in order to select out the appropriate calculation models which can be used to predicted the thermal conductivity of red clay effectively. On this basis,the calculation value of solid thermal conductivity of red clay in those calculation models was discussed according to the mineral composition analysis. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the red clays increases with the increasing of volumetric water content at the same dry density and the critical water content is a demarcation point. The increasing rates are different in these two sections. It is found that the thermal conductivity of red clay can be calculated into two subsections by Effective Medium Theory(EMT) model and Parallel model. The thermal conductivity was predicted by the EMT model when the soil water content is lower than the critical value,and by the Parallel model when the soil water content is higher than the critical value. Finally,the method for taking-value of solid thermal conductivity of red clay with Difference Effective Medium Theory have a comprehensive consideration about the influence of mineral compositions of red clay on the solid thermal conductivity,and the calculation results are much more approximate to the practice.
引文
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[10]DE VRIES D A.Simultaneous transfer of heat and moisture in porous media[J].Transaction American Geophysics Union,1958,39(5):909–916.
[11]JOHANSEN O.Thermal conductivity of soils[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Trondheim:Norway University,1975:86–88.
[12]CAMPBELL G S.Soil physics with BASIC:Transport models for soil plant system[M].New York:Elsevier Science Publishing Co.,Inc.,1985:1–90.
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[15]COSENZA P,GUERIN R,TABBAGH A.Relationship between thermal conductivity and water content of soils using numerical modeling[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2003,54(5):581–587.
[16]WANG J,CARSON J K,NORTH M F,et al.A new approach to modeling the effective thermal conductivity for heterogeneous materials[J].Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49(3):3 075–3 083.
[17]孙大明,孙兆奇.金属陶瓷薄膜及其在光电子技术中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:65–68.(SUN Daming,SUN Zhaoqi.Metal ceramic membrane and its application in optoelectronic technology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:65–68.(in Chinese))
[18]COSENZAL P,GHORBANI A,CAMERLYNCK C,et al.Effective medium theories for modeling the relationships between electromagnetic properties and hydrological variables in geo-materials:a review[J].Near Surface Geophysics,2009,29(2):563–578.
[19]TONG F,JING L,ROBERT W Z.An effective thermal conductivity model of geological porous media for coupled thermo-hydromechanical systems with multiphase flow[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(4):1 358–1 369.
[20]廖义玲,余培厚.红粘土的微结构及其概化模型[J].工程地质学报,1994,2(1):27–37.(LIAO Yiling,YU Peihou.The microstructure and generalized model of red clay[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1994,2(1):27–37.(in Chinese))
[21]廖义玲,朱立军,周训华.土体中惰性孔隙及其物理力学属性的研究[J].工程勘察,2001,(1):5–8.(LIAO Yiling,ZHU Lijun,ZHOU Xunhua.Study on inert pore in soil and its physical mechanic property[J].Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying,2001,(1):5–8.(in Chinese))
[22]曾召田.岩溶地区红粘土热湿迁移及其对地源热泵系统换热性能的影响分析[博士学位论文][D].南宁:广西大学,2014.(ZENG Zhaotian.Research on heat and moisture migration of red clay and its influence on heat transfer performance of ground source heat pump system in karst region[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014.(in Chinese))
[23]张延军,于子望,黄芮,等.岩土热导率测量和温度影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(2):213–217.(ZHANG Yanjun,YU Ziwang,HUANG Rui,et al.Measurement of thermal conductivity and temperature effect of geotechnical materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(2):213–217.(in Chinese))
[24]邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:112–115.(SHAO Ming'an,WANG Quanjiu,HUANG Mingbin.Soil physics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:112–115.(in Chinese))
[25]于明志,曹西忠,王善明,等.水分含量对土壤导热系数的影响及机理[J].山东建筑大学学报,2012,27(2):152–154.(YU Mingzhi,CAO Xizhong,WANG Shanming,et al.Influence of water content on soil thermal conductivity and the mechanism[J].Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University,2012,27(2):152–154.(in Chinese))
[26]TONG F G,JING L R,ROBERT W.Zimmerman.An effective thermal conductivity model of geological porous media for coupled thermo-hgdro-mechanical systems with multiphase flow[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46:1 358–1 369.
[27]刘晨晖,周东,吴恒.土壤热导率的温度效应试验和预测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1 877–1 886.(LIU Chenhui,ZHOU Dong,WU Heng.Measurement and prediction of temperature effects of thermal conductivity of soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1 877–1 886.(in Chinese))
[28]谭罗荣,孔令伟.特殊岩土工程土质学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:168–172.(TAN Luorong,KONG Lingwei.Soil mechanics of special geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006:168–172.(in Chinese))
[2]陈守义.用热针法测定土的热导率[J].岩土力学,1989,10(1):61–65.(CHEN Shouyi.Measurement of soil thermal conductivity with thermal needle method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1989,10(1):61–65.(in Chinese))
[3]American Society for Testing and Materials.ASTM D 5334–00.Standard test methods for determining of thermal conductivity of soil and soft rock by thermal needle probe procedure[S].[S.l.]:[s.n.],2000.
[4]陈善雄,陈守义.砂土热导率的实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,1994,16(5):47–53.(CHEN Shanxiong,CHEN Shouyi.Experimental study on thermal conductivity of sands[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(5):47–53.(in Chinese))
[5]谈云志,喻波,胡新江,等.非饱和土热导率预估模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,25(增1):129–133.(TAN Yunzhi,YU Bo,HU Xinjiang,et al.Prediction model for thermal conductivity of unsaturated soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,25(Supp.1):129–133.(in Chinese))
[6]TANG A M,CUI Y J,LE T T.A study on the thermal conductivity of compacted bentonites[J].Applied Clay Science,2008,41(3):181–189.
[7]王铁行,刘自成,卢靖.黄土导热系数和比热容的实验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(4):655–658.(WANG Tiehang,LIU Zicheng,LU Jing.Experimental study on coefficient of thermal conductivity and specific volume heat of loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(4):655–658.(in Chinese))
[8]王海波,杨平,何忠意.孔隙率与饱和度对粉土导热特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(2):42–46.(WANG Haibo,YANG Ping,HE Zhongyi.Influence of porosity and saturation on thermal properties of silty soils[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Science,2012,36(2):42–46.(in Chinese))
[9]栾英波,郑桂森,卫万顺.北京平原区粉质粘土热导率影响因素实验研究[J].中国地质,2013,40(3):981–988.(LUAN Yingbo,ZHENG Guisen,WEI Wanshun.The experimental study of factors affecting the rate of thermal conductivity of silty clay in Beijing plain[J].Geology in China,2013,40(3):981–988.(in Chinese))
[10]DE VRIES D A.Simultaneous transfer of heat and moisture in porous media[J].Transaction American Geophysics Union,1958,39(5):909–916.
[11]JOHANSEN O.Thermal conductivity of soils[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Trondheim:Norway University,1975:86–88.
[12]CAMPBELL G S.Soil physics with BASIC:Transport models for soil plant system[M].New York:Elsevier Science Publishing Co.,Inc.,1985:1–90.
[13]C?TéJ,KONARAD J M.A generalized thermal conductivity model for soils and construction materials[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2005,42(6):443–458.
[14]BALTZ B A,INGBER M S.A parallel implementation of the boundary element method for heat conduction analysis in heterogeneous media[J].Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,1997,19(3):3–11.
[15]COSENZA P,GUERIN R,TABBAGH A.Relationship between thermal conductivity and water content of soils using numerical modeling[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2003,54(5):581–587.
[16]WANG J,CARSON J K,NORTH M F,et al.A new approach to modeling the effective thermal conductivity for heterogeneous materials[J].Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49(3):3 075–3 083.
[17]孙大明,孙兆奇.金属陶瓷薄膜及其在光电子技术中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:65–68.(SUN Daming,SUN Zhaoqi.Metal ceramic membrane and its application in optoelectronic technology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:65–68.(in Chinese))
[18]COSENZAL P,GHORBANI A,CAMERLYNCK C,et al.Effective medium theories for modeling the relationships between electromagnetic properties and hydrological variables in geo-materials:a review[J].Near Surface Geophysics,2009,29(2):563–578.
[19]TONG F,JING L,ROBERT W Z.An effective thermal conductivity model of geological porous media for coupled thermo-hydromechanical systems with multiphase flow[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(4):1 358–1 369.
[20]廖义玲,余培厚.红粘土的微结构及其概化模型[J].工程地质学报,1994,2(1):27–37.(LIAO Yiling,YU Peihou.The microstructure and generalized model of red clay[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1994,2(1):27–37.(in Chinese))
[21]廖义玲,朱立军,周训华.土体中惰性孔隙及其物理力学属性的研究[J].工程勘察,2001,(1):5–8.(LIAO Yiling,ZHU Lijun,ZHOU Xunhua.Study on inert pore in soil and its physical mechanic property[J].Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying,2001,(1):5–8.(in Chinese))
[22]曾召田.岩溶地区红粘土热湿迁移及其对地源热泵系统换热性能的影响分析[博士学位论文][D].南宁:广西大学,2014.(ZENG Zhaotian.Research on heat and moisture migration of red clay and its influence on heat transfer performance of ground source heat pump system in karst region[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014.(in Chinese))
[23]张延军,于子望,黄芮,等.岩土热导率测量和温度影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(2):213–217.(ZHANG Yanjun,YU Ziwang,HUANG Rui,et al.Measurement of thermal conductivity and temperature effect of geotechnical materials[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(2):213–217.(in Chinese))
[24]邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:112–115.(SHAO Ming'an,WANG Quanjiu,HUANG Mingbin.Soil physics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:112–115.(in Chinese))
[25]于明志,曹西忠,王善明,等.水分含量对土壤导热系数的影响及机理[J].山东建筑大学学报,2012,27(2):152–154.(YU Mingzhi,CAO Xizhong,WANG Shanming,et al.Influence of water content on soil thermal conductivity and the mechanism[J].Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University,2012,27(2):152–154.(in Chinese))
[26]TONG F G,JING L R,ROBERT W.Zimmerman.An effective thermal conductivity model of geological porous media for coupled thermo-hgdro-mechanical systems with multiphase flow[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46:1 358–1 369.
[27]刘晨晖,周东,吴恒.土壤热导率的温度效应试验和预测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1 877–1 886.(LIU Chenhui,ZHOU Dong,WU Heng.Measurement and prediction of temperature effects of thermal conductivity of soils[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1 877–1 886.(in Chinese))
[28]谭罗荣,孔令伟.特殊岩土工程土质学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:168–172.(TAN Luorong,KONG Lingwei.Soil mechanics of special geotechnical engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006:168–172.(in Chinese))