干湿交替条件下膨胀围岩胀缩规律的试验研究
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摘要
为研究干湿交替条件下膨胀围岩的胀缩演变规律,利用南宁地区的膨胀土制作了膨胀土隧道物理模型。通过对隧道模型进行五个循环的干湿交替试验,得出了围岩在吸水及失水条件下的应力—时间关系曲线,并对围岩在吸水及失水过程中的力学响应及行为表现进行了分析与描述。结果表明:随循环次数的增加,各应力—时间关系曲线趋于平缓,各阶段围岩应力变化值呈减小及各阶段循环所耗时间呈逐渐短化的趋势。说明干湿交替作用,使围岩的胀缩能力减弱,渗透性提高。此外,在围岩湿胀引起的洞周总围岩应力增加值中,底板处最大约为40kpa,因此在隧道设计和施工时应注意底板的变形。
In order to study the expansion and shrinkage evolution laws of swelling wall rock under dry-wet alternate conditions,the physic model of swelling wall rock tunnel has been made with the expansive soil in Nanning,Guangxi.After five cycles wetting-drying test of the tunnel model,the wall rock stress-time relation curves were gained under the conditions that surrounding rock water absorption and water loss,and the mechanical response and behavioral expression of the surrounding rock have been analyzed and described under the process of water absorption and water loss.The results show the change trend of each stress-time relation curves flatten out with the increase of cycling times,and the tendency of each stage of wall rock stress values becomes decrease and the time consumption of each stage gets shorter.These tendencies have demonstrated that the wetting-drying alternate action can weakens the swell-shrink ability and improves the permeability of wall rock.In addition,the total added value of surrounding rock stress which caused by wet expansion of surrounding rock around the tunnel hole,the maximum value occurs in the tunnel floor about 40 kpa,so the floor deformation should be paid attention in the tunnel design and construction.
In order to study the expansion and shrinkage evolution laws of swelling wall rock under dry-wet alternate conditions,the physic model of swelling wall rock tunnel has been made with the expansive soil in Nanning,Guangxi.After five cycles wetting-drying test of the tunnel model,the wall rock stress-time relation curves were gained under the conditions that surrounding rock water absorption and water loss,and the mechanical response and behavioral expression of the surrounding rock have been analyzed and described under the process of water absorption and water loss.The results show the change trend of each stress-time relation curves flatten out with the increase of cycling times,and the tendency of each stage of wall rock stress values becomes decrease and the time consumption of each stage gets shorter.These tendencies have demonstrated that the wetting-drying alternate action can weakens the swell-shrink ability and improves the permeability of wall rock.In addition,the total added value of surrounding rock stress which caused by wet expansion of surrounding rock around the tunnel hole,the maximum value occurs in the tunnel floor about 40 kpa,so the floor deformation should be paid attention in the tunnel design and construction.
引文
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[16]刘宏泰,张爱军,段涛,等.干湿循环对重塑黄土强度和渗透性的影响[J].水利水运工程学报,2010(4):38-42.LIU Hongtai,ZHANG Aijun,DUAN Tao,et al.The influence of alternate dry-wet on the strength and permeability of remolded loess[J].Hydro-science and Engineering.2010(4):38-42.
[2]刘特洪.工程建设中的膨胀土问题[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997.LIU Tehong.Expansive soil problems in engineering construction[M].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,1997.
[3]吕海波,曾召田,赵艳林.干湿交替环境下膨胀土的累积损伤初探[J].自然灾害学报,2012,21(6):119-123.LHaibo,ZENG Zhaotian,ZHAO Yanlin.Preliminary study on accumulative damage of expansive soil in alternation of wetting-drying environment[J].Journal of Nature Disasters,2012,21(6):119-123.
[4]Alonso E E.Modelling expansive soil behaviour[C]//Proceedings of 2nd International Conference On Unsaturated Soils.Beijing,1998(2):37-70.
[5]唐朝生,施斌.干湿循环过程中膨胀土的胀缩变形特征[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(9):1376-1384.TANG Chaosheng,SHI Bin.Swelling and shrinkage behaviour of expansive soil during wetting-drying cycles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(9):1376-1384.
[6]Albrecht B A,Benson C H.Effect of desiccation on compacted natural clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2001,127(1):67-75.
[7]曾仲毅,徐帮树,胡世权,等.增湿条件下膨胀土隧道衬砌破坏数值分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(3):871-880.ZENG Zhongyi,XU Bangshu,HU Shiquan,et al.Numerical analysis of tunnel liner failure mechanism in expansive soil considering water-increased state[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(3):871-880.
[8]周坤.膨胀土隧道衬砌膨胀力数值模拟研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007.ZHOU Kun.Numerical simulation study on expansive force of lining for tunnel in expansive soil[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2007.
[9]杨军平,王沾义,唐伟,等.干湿交替条件下膨胀围岩隧道的力学性态研究[J].铁道标准设计,2016,60(3):91-96.YANG Junping,WANG Zhanyi,TANG Wei,et al.Research of mechanical behaviors of swelling wall rock tunnel under dry-wet alternate conditions[J].Railway Standard Design.2016,60(3):91-96.
[10]李朝晖,李永丰.膨胀性围岩隧道工程病害述评[J].西部探矿工程,2002(5):83-85.LI Zhaohui,LI Yongfeng.Engineering diseases reviews of swelling wall rock tunnel[J].West-China Exploration Engineering.2002(5):83-85.
[11]JTG/T D70—2010,公路隧道设计细则[S].JTG/T D70—2010,Guidelines for design of highway tunnel[S].
[12]杨军平,王沾义,周立新,等.FDR技术在膨胀围岩隧道模型含水率测定中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(30):191-197,205.YANG Junping,WANG Zhanyi,ZHOU Lixin,et al.Application of FDR technology in the determination of moisture content of swelling wall rock tunnel model[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(30):191-197,205.
[13]韩佳明,苏三庆.降雨入渗下渭北地坑黄土窑洞稳定性分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2012,29(3):104-110.HAN Jiaming,SU Sanqing.Stability analysis of weibei pitted loess cave dwelling in rainfall infiltration[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering.2012,29(3):104-110.
[14]欧孝夺,唐迎春,钟子文,等.重塑膨胀岩土微变形条件下膨胀力试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):1067-1072.OU Xiaoduo,TANG Yingchun,ZHONG Ziwen,et al.Test research on expansive force under small deformation of remolded expansive rock and soil[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.2013,32(05):1067-1072.
[15]丁振洲,郑颖人,李利晟.膨胀力变化规律试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(7):1328-1332.DING Zhenzhou,ZHENG Yingren,LI Lisheng.Trial study on variation regularity of swelling force[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(7):1328-1332.
[16]刘宏泰,张爱军,段涛,等.干湿循环对重塑黄土强度和渗透性的影响[J].水利水运工程学报,2010(4):38-42.LIU Hongtai,ZHANG Aijun,DUAN Tao,et al.The influence of alternate dry-wet on the strength and permeability of remolded loess[J].Hydro-science and Engineering.2010(4):38-42.