重庆綦江藻渡中二叠统沉积微相
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摘要
探讨重庆綦江藻渡地区中二叠统沉积微相组合的特征及沉积环境演化。以野外地质剖面和室内薄片鉴定为基础,对藻渡地区中二叠统碳酸盐岩开展系统的岩石颗粒组分、岩石类型和沉积环境分析,并绘制相关图件。根据Dumham的碳酸盐岩沉积结构分类方案,主要有7种类型:生物碎屑颗粒灰岩、生物碎屑泥粒灰岩、泥灰岩、含生物碎屑泥粒灰岩、有孔虫泥粒灰岩、中-细晶白云岩和生物碎屑粒泥灰岩。研究区在中二叠世一直处于碳酸盐台地环境,发育了陆棚、台地边缘和开阔台地相,在栖霞组早期处于持续海侵过程,而栖霞组晚期经历了海退,到茅口组早期快速上升到最高点,茅口组中期开始下降,在茅口组晚期海平面大幅度快速下降到最低点。
Based on the investigation of field geological section and identification of rock thin sections, the particle compositions of carbonate rock, rock types and sedimentary environment of the middle Permian at Zaodu area of Qijiang County are systematically analyzed so as to discuss its characteristics of sedimentary microfacies assemblage and sedimentary environment evolution. 7 types of carbonate rocks, including bioclastic granular limestone, bioclastic packstone, marlstone, bioclastic-bearing packstone, foraminiferal marl limestone, medium-fine crystalline dolomite and bioclastic packstone, are recognized through the study of petrological characteristics and the application of Dumham structure classification for carbonate rocks. It reveals that the studied area was in a carbonate platform environment in the middle Permian Period with the development of continental shelf, platform edge and open platform facies. Continuous transgression occurred in the early period of Qixia Formation and followed by regression in the later period of Qixia Formation. In the early period of Maokou Formation, the sea levels rapidly rise to its highest level and sea levels began to fall in the middle period of Maokou Formation and the falling of the sea levels reached its highest point in the late period of Maokou Formation.
Based on the investigation of field geological section and identification of rock thin sections, the particle compositions of carbonate rock, rock types and sedimentary environment of the middle Permian at Zaodu area of Qijiang County are systematically analyzed so as to discuss its characteristics of sedimentary microfacies assemblage and sedimentary environment evolution. 7 types of carbonate rocks, including bioclastic granular limestone, bioclastic packstone, marlstone, bioclastic-bearing packstone, foraminiferal marl limestone, medium-fine crystalline dolomite and bioclastic packstone, are recognized through the study of petrological characteristics and the application of Dumham structure classification for carbonate rocks. It reveals that the studied area was in a carbonate platform environment in the middle Permian Period with the development of continental shelf, platform edge and open platform facies. Continuous transgression occurred in the early period of Qixia Formation and followed by regression in the later period of Qixia Formation. In the early period of Maokou Formation, the sea levels rapidly rise to its highest level and sea levels began to fall in the middle period of Maokou Formation and the falling of the sea levels reached its highest point in the late period of Maokou Formation.
引文
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[20] 黄先平,杨天泉,张红梅.四川盆地下二叠统沉积相及其勘探潜力区研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):10-12.Huang X P,Yang T Q ,Zhang H M.Research on the sedimentary facies and exploration potential areas of Lower Permian in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(1):10-12.(in Chinese)
[21] Sun F R,Yao Y D,Chen M Q,et al.Performance analysis of superheated steam injection for heavy oil recovery and modeling of wellbore heat efficiency[J].Energy,2017,125:795-804.
[22] 钟怡江,侯梅生,夏杰,等.重庆石柱中二叠统栖霞组和茅口组沉积微相[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(4):5-9.Zhong Y J,Hou M S,Xia J,et al.Sedimentary microfacies of the Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Shizhu,Chongqing,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),2014,41(4):5-9.(in Chinese)
[23] 王成善,李祥辉,陈洪德,等.中国南方二叠纪海平面变化及升降事件[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):536-541.Wang C S,Li X H,Chen H D,et al.Permian sea level changes and rising-falling events in South China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(4):536-541.(in Chinese)
[2] Dumham R J.Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture[C]//Classification of Carbonate Rocks.Tulsa:AAPG Publish Bureau,1962:108-121.
[3] Erik F.Microfacies Analysis of Limestone[M].Berlin:Heidelberg,New York:Springer-Verlag,1982:62-454.
[4] Grabau A W.Principles of Stratigraphy[M].New York:Dover,1913:269-300.
[5] 程成,李双应,赵万为,等.安徽宿松坐山中二叠统栖霞组碳酸盐岩微相和黏土矿物特征及其对沉积相和古气候的指示[J].地质学报,2016,90(6):1208-1219.Cheng C,Li S Y,Zhao W W,et al.The characteristics of microfacies and clay minerals of Qixia Formation carbonate rocks of Middle Permian in Susong,Anhui and its implication for sedimentary facies and paleoclimate[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(6):1208-1219.(in Chinese)
[6] 罗兰,王兴志,李勇,等.川西北地区中二叠统沉积相特征及其对储层的影响[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(4):60-66.Luo L,Wang X Z,Li Y,et al.Sedimentary facies in Middle Permian Series in Northwest Sichuan and its effect on reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(4):60-66.(in Chinese)
[7] 李飞,张宁,夏文臣.鄂西峡口地区中二叠统栖霞组碳酸盐微相及相序[J].地质科技情报,2010,29(1):23-28.Li F,Zhang N,Xia W C.Western Hubei gap region Permian Qixia Formation carbonate microfacies and phase sequence[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2010,29(1):23-28.(in Chinese)
[8] 四川省地质矿产局.四川省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.Sichuan Province Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources.Regional Geological Annals of Sichuan Province[M].Beijing:Geological Publish House,1991.(in Chinese)
[9] 刘树根,李智武,孙玮,等.四川含油气叠合盆地基本特征[J].地质科学,2011,46(1):233-257.Liu S G,Li Z W,Sun W,et al.Basic geological features of superimposed basin and hydrocarbon accumulation in Sichuan Basin,China [J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2011,46(1):233-257.(in Chinese)
[10] 翟光明.中国石油地质志(卷十四川油气区)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989.Zai G M.Petroleum Geology of China (Sichuan Oil Province)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1989.(in Chinese)
[11] 冯增昭,杨玉卿,金振奎,等.中国南方二叠纪岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,1996,14(2):1-11.Feng Z Z,Yang Y Q,Jin Z K,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography of Permian in Southern China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(2):1-11.(in Chinese)
[12] 陈洪德,覃建雄,王成善,等.中国南方二叠纪层序岩相古地理特征及演化[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):510-521.Chen H D,Tan J X,Wang C S,et al.Sequence based lithofacies and paleogeography and evolution of Permian in South China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(4):510-521.(in Chinese)
[13] 陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气勘探[J].中国石油勘探,2007,12(5):1-11.Chen Z Q.Exploration for natural gas in Middle Permian Maokou Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007,12(5):1-11.(in Chinese)
[14] 陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组天然气勘探[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(3):325-334.Chen Z Q.Exploration for natural gas in Middle Permian Qixia Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,20(3):325-334.(in Chinese)
[15] 冯仁蔚,王兴志,张帆,等.川西南周公山及邻区下二叠统碳酸盐岩成岩作用对储集性的影响[J].地质找矿论丛,2008,23(3):223-229.Feng R W,Wang X Z,Zhang F,et al.Influence of diagenesis of Lower Permian carbonate on reservoir performance in Zhougongshan and the near districts in the southwest Sichuan[J].Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,2008,23(3):223-229.(in Chinese)
[16] 覃建雄,曾允孚,陈洪德,等.西南地区二叠纪层序地层与海平面变化[J].岩相古地理,1998,18(1):1-14.Qin J X,Zeng Y F,Chen H D,et al.Permian sequence stratigraphy and sea-level changes in southwestern China[J].Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,1998,18(1):1-14.(in Chinese)
[17] 胡明毅,魏国齐,胡忠贵,等.四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组层序-岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2010,12(5):516-526.Hu M Y,Wei G Q,Hu Z G,et al.Sequence lithofacies palaeogeography of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2010,12(5):516-526.(in Chinese)
[18] 肖笛,谭秀成,山述娇,等.四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组二段沉积微相研究[J].沉积学报,2015,12(6):2-3.Xiao D,Tan X C,Shan S J,et al.Sedimentary microfacies of the second member in Maokou Formation,Middle Permian,South Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,12(6):2-3.(in Chinese)
[19] 杨雪飞,王兴志,唐浩,等.四川盆地中部磨溪地区龙王庙组沉积微相研究[J].沉积学报,2015,10(5):3-7.Yang X F,Wang X Z,Tang H,et al.Research sedimentary microfacies of the Longwangmiao Formation in Moxi area,Central Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,10(5):3-7.(in Chinese)
[20] 黄先平,杨天泉,张红梅.四川盆地下二叠统沉积相及其勘探潜力区研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):10-12.Huang X P,Yang T Q ,Zhang H M.Research on the sedimentary facies and exploration potential areas of Lower Permian in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(1):10-12.(in Chinese)
[21] Sun F R,Yao Y D,Chen M Q,et al.Performance analysis of superheated steam injection for heavy oil recovery and modeling of wellbore heat efficiency[J].Energy,2017,125:795-804.
[22] 钟怡江,侯梅生,夏杰,等.重庆石柱中二叠统栖霞组和茅口组沉积微相[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(4):5-9.Zhong Y J,Hou M S,Xia J,et al.Sedimentary microfacies of the Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in Shizhu,Chongqing,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),2014,41(4):5-9.(in Chinese)
[23] 王成善,李祥辉,陈洪德,等.中国南方二叠纪海平面变化及升降事件[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):536-541.Wang C S,Li X H,Chen H D,et al.Permian sea level changes and rising-falling events in South China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(4):536-541.(in Chinese)