南海西部乌石凹陷流沙港组二段储层精细表征
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摘要
南海西部北部湾盆地乌石凹陷古近系流沙港组二段是近年来获得原油勘探发现的主要层系,发育扇三角洲沉积储层,高中低渗储层均有发育,非均质性强、产能差异大。为了精细表征流二段储层特征,首次在本地区将随钻高分辨率电阻率成像测井及元素俘获能谱测井引入到对沉积环境、构造特征、岩性分析、物性参数的研究中。结果表明,扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道为流二段有利储层,储层岩性以细砂岩和中砂岩为主,可见块状构造、变形层理、交错层理及平行层理发育,矿物类型主要为黏土矿物和硅质矿物,储层物性条件较好;流二段主要发育开启型和闭合型2种断层,开启型断层主要发育在砂岩中,闭合型断层主要发育在泥岩中;流二段砂体展布方向主要为近南、北2个方向,即物源方向为近南、北2个方向。随钻高分辨率电阻率成像测井与元素俘获能谱测井的综合应用,达到了乌石凹陷流二段储层精细表征的目的,为今后乌石凹陷流二段整体评价、目标优选和井位方案设计提供了强有力的参考依据。
The Second Member of Paleogene Liushagang Formation(Liu-2 Member) in Wushi sag of Beibuwan basin in western South China Sea is the main stratum discovered by oil exploration in recent years. The fan delta sedimentary reservoir was developed here, the high/middle/low permeability reservoirs were all developed, the heterogeneity is strong and the difference on production capacity is significant. In order to finely characterize the reservoir characteristics in the Liu-2 Member, the high-resolution resistivity imaging logging while drilling and the element-capture spectroscopy logging were introduced into the studies of sedimentary environment, structural features, lithology analysis and physical parameters for the first time in this area. The results show that the subaqueous distributary channel of the fan delta front is a favorable reservoir in the Liu-2 Member. The reservoir lithology is dominated by fine sandstone and medium sandstone, the development of blocky structure, deformed bedding, cross bedding and parallel bedding is observed, the mineral types are mainly clay mineral and siliceous mineral, and the reservoir physical properties are good. Mainly two types of faults, i.e., the open-type and closed-type faults were developed in the Liu-2 Member. The open-type fault was mainly developed in sandstones, and the closed-type fault was mainly developed in mudstones. The sand body distribution in the Liu-2 Member is mainly in the south and north directions, that is, the provenance is in the south and north directions. The comprehensive application of high-resolution resistivity imaging logging while drilling and element-capture spectroscopy logging has achieved the purpose of fine characterization of Liu-2 Member in the Wushi sag, which will provide strong reference for the overall evaluation, target optimization and well location design of the Liu-2 Member in the Wushi sag.
The Second Member of Paleogene Liushagang Formation(Liu-2 Member) in Wushi sag of Beibuwan basin in western South China Sea is the main stratum discovered by oil exploration in recent years. The fan delta sedimentary reservoir was developed here, the high/middle/low permeability reservoirs were all developed, the heterogeneity is strong and the difference on production capacity is significant. In order to finely characterize the reservoir characteristics in the Liu-2 Member, the high-resolution resistivity imaging logging while drilling and the element-capture spectroscopy logging were introduced into the studies of sedimentary environment, structural features, lithology analysis and physical parameters for the first time in this area. The results show that the subaqueous distributary channel of the fan delta front is a favorable reservoir in the Liu-2 Member. The reservoir lithology is dominated by fine sandstone and medium sandstone, the development of blocky structure, deformed bedding, cross bedding and parallel bedding is observed, the mineral types are mainly clay mineral and siliceous mineral, and the reservoir physical properties are good. Mainly two types of faults, i.e., the open-type and closed-type faults were developed in the Liu-2 Member. The open-type fault was mainly developed in sandstones, and the closed-type fault was mainly developed in mudstones. The sand body distribution in the Liu-2 Member is mainly in the south and north directions, that is, the provenance is in the south and north directions. The comprehensive application of high-resolution resistivity imaging logging while drilling and element-capture spectroscopy logging has achieved the purpose of fine characterization of Liu-2 Member in the Wushi sag, which will provide strong reference for the overall evaluation, target optimization and well location design of the Liu-2 Member in the Wushi sag.
引文
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[6] 钟泽红,刘娟,徐万兴,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流二段孢粉相与三角洲-湖底扇沉积体系[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(3):7-15. ZHONG Zehong,LIU Juan,XU Wanxing,et al.Palynofacies and sedimentary system of the delta and the sublacustrine fan in the 2nd Member of Liushagang Formation of Wushi sag,Beibuwan Basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(3):7-15.
[7] 傅宁,林青,王柯.北部湾盆地主要凹陷流沙港组二段主力烃源岩再评价[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(5):12-21.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.05.002. FU Ning,LIN Qing,WANG Ke.Main source rock reevaluation of Member 2 of Liushagang Formation in the sags of Beibuwan basin [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(5):12-21.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.05.002.
[8] 何小胡,张迎朝,张道军,等.成像测井技术在重力流沉积研究中的应用[J].测井技术,2013,37(1):103-110. HE Xiaohu,ZHANG Yingzhao,ZHANG Daojun,et al.Application of imaging logging to deep-water gravity flow deposits study[J].Well Logging Technology,2013,37(1):103-110.
[9] 何小胡,王亚辉,焦详燕,等.电成像测井在莺琼盆地大型重力流储集体勘探中的应用[J].测井技术,2017,41(3):336-344. HE Xiaohu,WANG Yahui,JIAO Xiangyan,et al.Application of electrical imaging logging in exploration of large deep-water gravity flow deposits in Yingqiong Basin[J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(3):336-344.
[10] 杨世夺,蔡军,龚宏杰,等.多井电阻率成像测井古水流方向分析方法及实例应用[J].测井技术,2013,37(3):322-326. YANG Shiduo,CAI Jun,GONG Hongjie,et al.Application of multi-well resistivity imaging data to paleocurrent direction analysis and case study[J].Well Logging Technology,2013,37(3):322-326.
[11] FREEDMAN R,HERRON S,ANAND V,et al.New method for determining mineralogy and matrix properties from elemental chemistry measured by gamma ray spectroscopy logging tool[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Amsterdam,2014:27-29.
[12] 孙伟,樊太亮,赵志刚,等.乌石凹陷古近系层序地层及沉积体系[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):26-29. SUN Wei,FAN Tailiang,ZHAO Zhigang,et al.Paleogene sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary system in Wushi sag[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(4):26-29.
[13] 颜丹平,周美夫,王焰,等.都龙-Song Chay变质穹窿体的变形与构造年代:南海盆地北缘早起扩张作用始于华南地块张裂的证据[J].地球科学,2005,30(4):402-412. YAN Danping,ZHOU Meifu,WANG Yan,et al.Structural styles and chronological evidences from Dulong-Song Chay tectonic dome[J].Earth Science,2005,30(4):402-412.
[14] 朱继田,郭明刚,刘志辉.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷勘探前景分析[J].西部探矿工程,2010,12:99-101. ZHU Jitian,GUO Minggang,LIU Zhihui.Prospect analysis of Wushi sag,Beibuwan Basin[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010,12:90-101.
[15] 韩帅.乌石凹陷构造特征及成因机制[D].北京:中国石油大学,2014. HAN Shuai.The tectonic characteristics and forming mechanism of Wushi Sag[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2014.
[16] 尤丽,招湛杰,李才,等.乌石凹陷流沙港组储层特征与有利储层分布[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(6):95-102. YOU Li,ZHAO Zhanjie,LI Cai,et al.Reservoir physical properties and favorable reservoirs n Liushagang Formation in Wushi sag[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(6):95-102.
[17] 杨海长,梁建设,胡望水.乌石凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(3):41-46. YANG Haizhang,LIANG Jianshe,HU Wangshui.Structural features and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in Wushi sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2011,33(3):41-46.
[18] 燕继成,文政,夏宏泉.基于多矿物模型分析的最优化测井解释在X油田中的应用研究[J].国外测井技术,2008,6:18-20. YAN Jicheng,WEN Zheng,XIA Hongquan.Application of the optimized well logging interpretation in X oilfield based on multi-mineral model analysis[J].World Well Logging Technology,2008,6:18-20.
[19] 李绪宣,朱振宇,张金淼.中国海油地震勘探技术进展与发展方向[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(1):1-12.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.01.001. LI Xuxuan,ZHU Zhenyu,ZHANG Jinmiao.The process and direction of seismic exploration technology in CNOOC [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(1):1-12.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.01.001.
[20] 袁晓蔷,姚光庆,姜平,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东部流沙港组物源分析[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):2040-2054. YUAN Xiaoqiang,YAO Guangqing,JIANG Ping,et al.Provenance analysis for Liushagang Formation of Wushi depression,Beibuwan Basin,the South China Sea[J].Earth Science,2017,42(11):2040-2054.
[21] 杨玉卿,崔维平,王猛.成像测井沉积学研究进展与发展趋势[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(3):7-18.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.002. YANG Yuqing,CUI Weiping,WANG Meng.A review on the research progress and development trend of imaging logging sedimentology [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(3):7-18.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.002.
[2] 胡林,杨希冰,徐雪丰,等.南海北部湾盆地乌石凹陷成藏主控因素与成藏模式[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2016,36(2):121-127. HU Lin,YANG Xibing,XU Xuefeng,et al.Main controlling factors and accumulation models of hydrocarbon in Wushi Sag,Beibu Gulf Basin,South China Sea[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2016,36(2):121-127.
[3] 徐新德,张迎朝,黄义文,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流沙港组油页岩发育的主控因素[J].石油学报,2013,34(增刊2):66-73. XU Xinde,ZHANG Yingzhao,HUANG Yiwen,et al.Major controlling factors for development of oil shale in Liushagang Formation of Wushi sag,Beibuwan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(S2):66-73.
[4] 张建新,胡德胜,何卫军,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段沉积体系发育特征及控制因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(5):8-15. ZHANG Jianxin,HU Desheng,HE Weijun,et al.Development characteristics of sedimentary system and control factors analysis of the Third Member of Liushagang Formation in Eastern Wushi Depression,Beibuwan Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(5):8-15.
[5] 曾小明,张辉,邹明生,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东区流三段物源分析及其对储层物性的控制[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(6):63-69. ZENG Xiaoming,ZHANG Hui,ZOU Mingsheng,et al.Provenance analysis and influence on reservoir physical property of the 3rd Member of Liushagang Formation in Eastern Wushi Depression,Beibu Gulf Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2016,35(6):63-69.
[6] 钟泽红,刘娟,徐万兴,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流二段孢粉相与三角洲-湖底扇沉积体系[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(3):7-15. ZHONG Zehong,LIU Juan,XU Wanxing,et al.Palynofacies and sedimentary system of the delta and the sublacustrine fan in the 2nd Member of Liushagang Formation of Wushi sag,Beibuwan Basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(3):7-15.
[7] 傅宁,林青,王柯.北部湾盆地主要凹陷流沙港组二段主力烃源岩再评价[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(5):12-21.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.05.002. FU Ning,LIN Qing,WANG Ke.Main source rock reevaluation of Member 2 of Liushagang Formation in the sags of Beibuwan basin [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(5):12-21.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.05.002.
[8] 何小胡,张迎朝,张道军,等.成像测井技术在重力流沉积研究中的应用[J].测井技术,2013,37(1):103-110. HE Xiaohu,ZHANG Yingzhao,ZHANG Daojun,et al.Application of imaging logging to deep-water gravity flow deposits study[J].Well Logging Technology,2013,37(1):103-110.
[9] 何小胡,王亚辉,焦详燕,等.电成像测井在莺琼盆地大型重力流储集体勘探中的应用[J].测井技术,2017,41(3):336-344. HE Xiaohu,WANG Yahui,JIAO Xiangyan,et al.Application of electrical imaging logging in exploration of large deep-water gravity flow deposits in Yingqiong Basin[J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(3):336-344.
[10] 杨世夺,蔡军,龚宏杰,等.多井电阻率成像测井古水流方向分析方法及实例应用[J].测井技术,2013,37(3):322-326. YANG Shiduo,CAI Jun,GONG Hongjie,et al.Application of multi-well resistivity imaging data to paleocurrent direction analysis and case study[J].Well Logging Technology,2013,37(3):322-326.
[11] FREEDMAN R,HERRON S,ANAND V,et al.New method for determining mineralogy and matrix properties from elemental chemistry measured by gamma ray spectroscopy logging tool[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Amsterdam,2014:27-29.
[12] 孙伟,樊太亮,赵志刚,等.乌石凹陷古近系层序地层及沉积体系[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):26-29. SUN Wei,FAN Tailiang,ZHAO Zhigang,et al.Paleogene sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary system in Wushi sag[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(4):26-29.
[13] 颜丹平,周美夫,王焰,等.都龙-Song Chay变质穹窿体的变形与构造年代:南海盆地北缘早起扩张作用始于华南地块张裂的证据[J].地球科学,2005,30(4):402-412. YAN Danping,ZHOU Meifu,WANG Yan,et al.Structural styles and chronological evidences from Dulong-Song Chay tectonic dome[J].Earth Science,2005,30(4):402-412.
[14] 朱继田,郭明刚,刘志辉.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷勘探前景分析[J].西部探矿工程,2010,12:99-101. ZHU Jitian,GUO Minggang,LIU Zhihui.Prospect analysis of Wushi sag,Beibuwan Basin[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010,12:90-101.
[15] 韩帅.乌石凹陷构造特征及成因机制[D].北京:中国石油大学,2014. HAN Shuai.The tectonic characteristics and forming mechanism of Wushi Sag[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2014.
[16] 尤丽,招湛杰,李才,等.乌石凹陷流沙港组储层特征与有利储层分布[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(6):95-102. YOU Li,ZHAO Zhanjie,LI Cai,et al.Reservoir physical properties and favorable reservoirs n Liushagang Formation in Wushi sag[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(6):95-102.
[17] 杨海长,梁建设,胡望水.乌石凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(3):41-46. YANG Haizhang,LIANG Jianshe,HU Wangshui.Structural features and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in Wushi sag[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2011,33(3):41-46.
[18] 燕继成,文政,夏宏泉.基于多矿物模型分析的最优化测井解释在X油田中的应用研究[J].国外测井技术,2008,6:18-20. YAN Jicheng,WEN Zheng,XIA Hongquan.Application of the optimized well logging interpretation in X oilfield based on multi-mineral model analysis[J].World Well Logging Technology,2008,6:18-20.
[19] 李绪宣,朱振宇,张金淼.中国海油地震勘探技术进展与发展方向[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(1):1-12.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.01.001. LI Xuxuan,ZHU Zhenyu,ZHANG Jinmiao.The process and direction of seismic exploration technology in CNOOC [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(1):1-12.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.01.001.
[20] 袁晓蔷,姚光庆,姜平,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷东部流沙港组物源分析[J].地球科学,2017,42(11):2040-2054. YUAN Xiaoqiang,YAO Guangqing,JIANG Ping,et al.Provenance analysis for Liushagang Formation of Wushi depression,Beibuwan Basin,the South China Sea[J].Earth Science,2017,42(11):2040-2054.
[21] 杨玉卿,崔维平,王猛.成像测井沉积学研究进展与发展趋势[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(3):7-18.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.002. YANG Yuqing,CUI Weiping,WANG Meng.A review on the research progress and development trend of imaging logging sedimentology [J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(3):7-18.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.002.