动静载荷作用下片麻岩蠕变实验及非线性扰动蠕变模型
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摘要
深部巷道围岩应力状态处于岩石强度极限邻域内,围岩会产生较大的蠕变变形,特别是深部扰动荷载对巷道围岩蠕变变形的影响更为敏感。为了研究深部岩石在扰动载荷作用下的岩石非线性蠕变特性和蠕变扰动效应,利用自行研制的岩石三轴扰动蠕变试验台,以片麻岩为岩石试样,采用分级加载方式,开展静载轴压、不同扰动幅值、不同扰动频率作用下的岩石单轴压缩扰动蠕变试验,得到扰动载荷对岩石蠕变特性的影响。试验结果表明:轴压是岩石蠕变变形的主导因素,随着轴压的增加,岩石蠕变变形量逐渐增大;岩石蠕变变形量随着扰动幅值和扰动频率的增加而增大,在相同轴压和作用时间的情况下,扰动幅值对岩石蠕变变形比扰动频率明显;在相同的扰动条件下,随着轴压的增大,岩石蠕变破坏受扰动作用影响越大,当轴压大于40 MPa时,岩石蠕变受扰动影响敏感度越高;每次扰动加载后,岩石蠕变应变量出现台阶式突增,同时蠕变曲线也出现陡突现象,随着扰动幅值和扰动频率的增大,突变值越大。以试验结果分析为依据,引入非线性黏塑性扰动蠕变元件和损伤原件,并与Burgers串联,建立了岩石非线性扰动蠕变损伤复合模型。采用基于模式搜索的改进的非线性最小二乘法反演蠕变参数,并将蠕变方程计算结果与实验结果进行拟合,效果良好。
The stress state of surrounding rock in deep roadway is within the limit of rock strength limit,and the surrounding rock will produce large creep deformation,especially the deep disturbance load is more sensitive to the influence of creep deformation of roadway surrounding rock.In order to study the nonlinear creep behavior and creep disturbance effect of deep rock under disturbance load,the self-developed rock triaxial disturbance creep test bench is used to use gneiss rock as rock sample and graded loading method.The uniaxial compression perturbation creep test of rock under static load axial pressure,different disturbance amplitude and different disturbance frequency is obtained,and the influence of disturbance load on rock creep characteristics is obtained.The test results show that the axial com-pression is the dominant factor of creep deformation of rock.With the increase of axial compression,the creep deformation of rock increases gradually.The creep deformation of rock increases with the increase of disturbance amplitude and disturbance frequency.Under the same axial pressure and action time,the disturbance amplitude is more obvious than the disturbance frequency of creep creep deformation; under the same disturbance condition,with the increase of axial pressure,the impact of rock creep damage is more affected.When the axial pressure is greater than 40 MPa,the creep of rock creep is affected by the disturbance.After each disturbance loading,the rock creep strain has a stepped sudden increase,and the creep curve also appears steep,with the disturbance amplitude. And the increase of the disturbance frequency,the larger the mutation value.Based on the analysis of the test results,the nonlinear viscoplastic perturbation creep element and the damage original were introduced,and the composite model of rock nonlinear disturbance creep damage was established by series connection with Burger.The improved nonlinear least squares method based on pattern search is used to invert the creep parameters,and the results of the creep equations are fitted with the experimental results and the effect is good.
The stress state of surrounding rock in deep roadway is within the limit of rock strength limit,and the surrounding rock will produce large creep deformation,especially the deep disturbance load is more sensitive to the influence of creep deformation of roadway surrounding rock.In order to study the nonlinear creep behavior and creep disturbance effect of deep rock under disturbance load,the self-developed rock triaxial disturbance creep test bench is used to use gneiss rock as rock sample and graded loading method.The uniaxial compression perturbation creep test of rock under static load axial pressure,different disturbance amplitude and different disturbance frequency is obtained,and the influence of disturbance load on rock creep characteristics is obtained.The test results show that the axial com-pression is the dominant factor of creep deformation of rock.With the increase of axial compression,the creep deformation of rock increases gradually.The creep deformation of rock increases with the increase of disturbance amplitude and disturbance frequency.Under the same axial pressure and action time,the disturbance amplitude is more obvious than the disturbance frequency of creep creep deformation; under the same disturbance condition,with the increase of axial pressure,the impact of rock creep damage is more affected.When the axial pressure is greater than 40 MPa,the creep of rock creep is affected by the disturbance.After each disturbance loading,the rock creep strain has a stepped sudden increase,and the creep curve also appears steep,with the disturbance amplitude. And the increase of the disturbance frequency,the larger the mutation value.Based on the analysis of the test results,the nonlinear viscoplastic perturbation creep element and the damage original were introduced,and the composite model of rock nonlinear disturbance creep damage was established by series connection with Burger.The improved nonlinear least squares method based on pattern search is used to invert the creep parameters,and the results of the creep equations are fitted with the experimental results and the effect is good.
引文
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[4]苏国韶,胡李华,冯夏庭,等.低频周期扰动荷载与静载联合作用下岩爆过程的真三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(7):1309-1322.SU Guoshao,HU Lihua FENG Xiating,et al.True triaxial experimental study of rockburst process under low frequency cyclic disturbance load combined with static load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(7):1309-1322.
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[8]王其虎,叶义成,刘艳章,等.考虑初始损伤和蠕变损伤的岩石蠕变全过程本构模型[J].岩土力学,2016,36(S1):57-62.WANG Qihu,YE Yicheng,LIU Yangzhang,et al. A creep constitutive model of rock considering initial damage and creep damage[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,36(S1):57-62.
[9]袁海平,曹平,许万忠,等.岩石粘弹塑性本构关系及改进的Burgers蠕变模型[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(6):796-799.YUAN Haiping,CAO Ping,XU Wanzhong,et al. Visco-elastop-lastic constitutive relationship of rock and modified Burgers creep model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(6):796-799.
[10]蒋昱州,张明鸣,李良权.岩石非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究及其参数识别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):832-839.JIANG Yuzhou,ZHANG Mingming,LI Liangquan.Study on nonlinear viscoelasto-plastic creep model of rock and its parameter identification[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,27(4):832-839.
[11]胡波,王宗林,梁冰,等.岩石蠕变特性试验研究[J].实验力学,2015,30(4):438-445.HU Bo,WANG Zonglin,LIANG Bing,et al. Experimental study of rock creep properties[J].Journal of experimental mechanics,2015,30(4):438-445.
[12]刘泽鹏.片麻岩流变力学特性及模型研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.LIU Zepeng.Rheological mechanical properties and model research of gneiss[D].Shenyang:Dongbei University,2014.
[13]曹平,刘业科,蒲成志,等.一种改进的岩石黏弹塑性加速蠕变力学模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(1):142-146.CAO Ping,LIU Yeke,PU Chengzhi,et al. An improved accelerated creep mechanical model of viscoelasto-plastic rock[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(1):142-146.
[14]熊良宵,杨林德,张尧.绿片岩多轴受压应力松弛试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1158-1165.XIONG Liangxiao,YANG Linde,ZHANG Yao. Stress relaxation tests on green schist speciments under multi-axial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1158-1165.
[15]张治亮,徐卫亚,王伟.向家坝水电站坝基挤压带岩石三轴蠕变试验及非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):132-140.ZHANG Zhiliang,XU Weiya,WANG Wei. Study of triaxial creep tests and its nonlinear visco-elastoplastic creep model of rock from compressive zone of dam foundation in Xiangjiaba hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):132-140.
[16]于永江,张伟,张国宁,等.富水软岩的蠕变特性实验及非线性剪切蠕变模型研究[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(6):1780-1788.YU Yongjiang,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Guoning,et al.Study of nonlinear shear creep model and creep property experiment of waterrich soft rock[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(6):1780-1788.
[17]李永盛.单轴压缩条件下四中岩石的蠕变和松弛试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1):39-47.LI Yongsheng.Creep and relaxation of four kings of rock under uniaxial compression test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1995,14(1):39-47.
[18]王俊光,梁冰,田蜜.含水状态下油页岩非线性损伤蠕变特性研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(1):112-118.WANG Junguang,LIANG Bing,TIAN Mi.Study of creep characteristics produced by nonlinear damage of oil shale in hydrous state[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2014,29(1):112-118.
[2]高延法,肖华强,王波,等.岩石流变扰动效应试验及其本构关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(S):3180-3185.GAO Yanfa,XIAO Huaqiang,WANG Bo,et al.A Rheological test of sandatone with perturbation effect and its constitutive relationship study[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S):3180-3185.
[3]王波,高延法,王军.流变扰动效应引起围岩应力场演变规律分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(9):1446-1450.WANG Bo,GAO Yanfa,WANG Jun. Evolution law analysis on surrounding rock stress field by rheology disturbed effects[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,38(9):1446-1450.
[4]苏国韶,胡李华,冯夏庭,等.低频周期扰动荷载与静载联合作用下岩爆过程的真三轴试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(7):1309-1322.SU Guoshao,HU Lihua FENG Xiating,et al.True triaxial experimental study of rockburst process under low frequency cyclic disturbance load combined with static load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(7):1309-1322.
[5]崔希海,李进兰,牛学良,等.岩石扰动流变规律和本构关系的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1875-1881.CUI Xihai,LI Jinlan,NIU Xueliang,et al. Experimental study on rheological regularity and constitutive relationship of rock under disturbing loads[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(9):1875-1881.
[6]宋大钊,王恩元,李楠,等.煤系岩石损伤破坏扰动效应试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(4):530-535.SONG Dazhao,WANG Enyuan,LI Nan,et al. Test study of the perturbation effect of coal measures rocks damage failure[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(4):530-535.
[7]于怀昌,李亚丽,刘汉东.粉砂质泥岩三轴压缩应力松弛本构模型研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1258-1263.YU Huaichang,LI Yali,LIU Handong.Study of stress relaxation model of silty mudstone under triaxial compression[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1258-1263.
[8]王其虎,叶义成,刘艳章,等.考虑初始损伤和蠕变损伤的岩石蠕变全过程本构模型[J].岩土力学,2016,36(S1):57-62.WANG Qihu,YE Yicheng,LIU Yangzhang,et al. A creep constitutive model of rock considering initial damage and creep damage[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,36(S1):57-62.
[9]袁海平,曹平,许万忠,等.岩石粘弹塑性本构关系及改进的Burgers蠕变模型[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(6):796-799.YUAN Haiping,CAO Ping,XU Wanzhong,et al. Visco-elastop-lastic constitutive relationship of rock and modified Burgers creep model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(6):796-799.
[10]蒋昱州,张明鸣,李良权.岩石非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究及其参数识别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):832-839.JIANG Yuzhou,ZHANG Mingming,LI Liangquan.Study on nonlinear viscoelasto-plastic creep model of rock and its parameter identification[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,27(4):832-839.
[11]胡波,王宗林,梁冰,等.岩石蠕变特性试验研究[J].实验力学,2015,30(4):438-445.HU Bo,WANG Zonglin,LIANG Bing,et al. Experimental study of rock creep properties[J].Journal of experimental mechanics,2015,30(4):438-445.
[12]刘泽鹏.片麻岩流变力学特性及模型研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.LIU Zepeng.Rheological mechanical properties and model research of gneiss[D].Shenyang:Dongbei University,2014.
[13]曹平,刘业科,蒲成志,等.一种改进的岩石黏弹塑性加速蠕变力学模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(1):142-146.CAO Ping,LIU Yeke,PU Chengzhi,et al. An improved accelerated creep mechanical model of viscoelasto-plastic rock[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(1):142-146.
[14]熊良宵,杨林德,张尧.绿片岩多轴受压应力松弛试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1158-1165.XIONG Liangxiao,YANG Linde,ZHANG Yao. Stress relaxation tests on green schist speciments under multi-axial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1158-1165.
[15]张治亮,徐卫亚,王伟.向家坝水电站坝基挤压带岩石三轴蠕变试验及非线性黏弹塑性蠕变模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):132-140.ZHANG Zhiliang,XU Weiya,WANG Wei. Study of triaxial creep tests and its nonlinear visco-elastoplastic creep model of rock from compressive zone of dam foundation in Xiangjiaba hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):132-140.
[16]于永江,张伟,张国宁,等.富水软岩的蠕变特性实验及非线性剪切蠕变模型研究[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(6):1780-1788.YU Yongjiang,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Guoning,et al.Study of nonlinear shear creep model and creep property experiment of waterrich soft rock[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(6):1780-1788.
[17]李永盛.单轴压缩条件下四中岩石的蠕变和松弛试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1995,14(1):39-47.LI Yongsheng.Creep and relaxation of four kings of rock under uniaxial compression test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1995,14(1):39-47.
[18]王俊光,梁冰,田蜜.含水状态下油页岩非线性损伤蠕变特性研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(1):112-118.WANG Junguang,LIANG Bing,TIAN Mi.Study of creep characteristics produced by nonlinear damage of oil shale in hydrous state[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2014,29(1):112-118.