枯草芽孢杆菌锌对先天性缺锌大鼠免疫性能、抗氧化能力以及生殖器官发育的影响
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摘要
本试验以枯草芽孢杆菌锌为研究素材,研究其对先天性缺锌大鼠免疫性能、抗氧化能力以及生殖器官发育的影响,以确定枯草芽孢杆菌锌的作用效果。试验分为2个阶段:先天性缺锌幼龄大鼠模型建立和缺锌大鼠后天干预试验。模型建立阶段:选取同期怀孕雌性SD大鼠72只,分为缺锌组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只;缺锌组大鼠从怀孕第10天开始饲喂缺锌饲粮(锌含量为13 mg/kg),正常组饲喂正常饲粮(锌含量为38 mg/kg),持续到后代24日龄。干预试验阶段:选择先天缺锌大鼠90只,随机分成5个试验组,分别为硫酸锌组、缺锌组和低、中、高剂量枯草芽孢杆菌锌组,均饲喂缺锌饲粮;选择模型组中正常组18只大鼠作对照组,继续饲喂正常饲粮,每组设3个重复,每个重复6只。试验期5周。结果表明:1)中、高剂量枯草芽孢杆菌锌能够促进缺锌大鼠肝脏、卵巢发育;提高先天性缺锌大鼠血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)含量及铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-Zn SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性;促进卵泡的成熟及雌二醇(E2)、促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)的分泌。2)中剂量枯草芽孢杆菌锌在促进先天性缺锌大鼠肝脏、卵巢发育与提高免疫性能和抗氧化能力方面的功效优于硫酸锌。枯草芽孢杆菌锌能够促进先天性缺锌大鼠的肝脏、卵巢等器官发育,提高机体的免疫性能和抗氧化能力,从而促进缺锌大鼠生理机能的修复,且其干预效果优于同等锌含量的硫酸锌,可以降低饲粮中锌的添加剂量。
Bacillus subtilis-zinc was used as a material in this study,and the effects of it on immunity function,antioxidant capacity and reproductive organ development of congenital zinc deficiency rats were investigated.The trial was divided into two stages: establishment of congenital zinc deficiency model and the intervention stage of zinc-deficient rats. Model establishment stage: a total of 72 SD rats in the same late pregnancy period were selected and divided into zinc deficiency group and control group with 6 replicates per group and 6 rats per replicate. The rats in the zinc deficiency group were fed a low-zinc diet( zinc content was 13 mg/kg) from 10 days after pregnancy,and those in the control group were fed a normal diet( zinc content was 38 mg/kg),until the offspring rats were 24 days of age. After that,intervention trial stage: a total of 90 rats with congenital zinc deficiency were randomly divided into 5 groups: zinc deficiency group,ZnSO4 group and low,medium and high doses of Bacillus subtilis-zinc groups,all rats were fed low-zinc diets; 18 offspring rats from the control group were randomly selected and used as a control group to feed the normal diet. Each group had 3 replicates,6 rats in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 5 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) the medium and high dose of Bacillus subtilis-zinc could promote the development the kidney and ovary of congenital zinc deficiency rats,increase the contents of immunoglobulin M( IgM),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1( MCP-1) and the activites of zinc superoxide dismutase( Cu-Zn SOD),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) in serum,contribute to the maturation of follicles,the secretion of sex hormones such as estradiol( E2),folliclestimulating hormone( FSH) and luteinizing hormone( LH). 2) The medium-dose of Bacillus subtilis-zinc was superior to inorganic zinc in promoting liver and ovary organ development,improving immune function and antioxidant capacity in rats with congenital zinc deficiency. Bacillus subtilis-zinc can promote the development of liver,ovary and other organs in rats with congenital zinc deficiency,improve immune function and antioxidant capacity,thereby promoting the repair of physiological functions of zinc-deficient rats,and its intervention effect is better than the equivalent zinc content of ZnSO4,and can reduce the amount of zinc added to the diet.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2243-2253]
Bacillus subtilis-zinc was used as a material in this study,and the effects of it on immunity function,antioxidant capacity and reproductive organ development of congenital zinc deficiency rats were investigated.The trial was divided into two stages: establishment of congenital zinc deficiency model and the intervention stage of zinc-deficient rats. Model establishment stage: a total of 72 SD rats in the same late pregnancy period were selected and divided into zinc deficiency group and control group with 6 replicates per group and 6 rats per replicate. The rats in the zinc deficiency group were fed a low-zinc diet( zinc content was 13 mg/kg) from 10 days after pregnancy,and those in the control group were fed a normal diet( zinc content was 38 mg/kg),until the offspring rats were 24 days of age. After that,intervention trial stage: a total of 90 rats with congenital zinc deficiency were randomly divided into 5 groups: zinc deficiency group,ZnSO4 group and low,medium and high doses of Bacillus subtilis-zinc groups,all rats were fed low-zinc diets; 18 offspring rats from the control group were randomly selected and used as a control group to feed the normal diet. Each group had 3 replicates,6 rats in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 5 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) the medium and high dose of Bacillus subtilis-zinc could promote the development the kidney and ovary of congenital zinc deficiency rats,increase the contents of immunoglobulin M( IgM),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1( MCP-1) and the activites of zinc superoxide dismutase( Cu-Zn SOD),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) in serum,contribute to the maturation of follicles,the secretion of sex hormones such as estradiol( E2),folliclestimulating hormone( FSH) and luteinizing hormone( LH). 2) The medium-dose of Bacillus subtilis-zinc was superior to inorganic zinc in promoting liver and ovary organ development,improving immune function and antioxidant capacity in rats with congenital zinc deficiency. Bacillus subtilis-zinc can promote the development of liver,ovary and other organs in rats with congenital zinc deficiency,improve immune function and antioxidant capacity,thereby promoting the repair of physiological functions of zinc-deficient rats,and its intervention effect is better than the equivalent zinc content of ZnSO4,and can reduce the amount of zinc added to the diet.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2243-2253]
引文
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[2]安利峰,胜利,范桂香.锌与生殖健康[J].国外医学(医学地理分册),2004,25(1):14-16.
[3]刘浩,成小松,崔美芝,等.缺锌对大鼠生殖功能影响的实验研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2003,22(4):383.
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[9]陈丽敏,王玉.维生素A和锌过量摄入对雌性大鼠生殖系统的影响[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(12):2309-2311.
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[11]周立波,孙淑滨,景慎文.缺锌对孕鼠生长发育及其肝脏、胎盘中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及过氧化氢酶活性的影响[J].山东医药,2002,42(36):1-3.
[12]张伟庆,黄福佳,杨萧华,等.枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌(WB800N-CC31)对大鼠免疫指标的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(10):184-186.
[13]边羽芊.浅析枯草芽孢杆菌研究进展与应用[J].科学技术创新,2017(30):33-34.
[14] REEVES P G,NIELSEN F H,FAHEY G C. AIN-93purified diets for laboratory rodents:final report of the American institute of nutrition ad hoc w riting committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1993,123(11):1939-1951.
[15] EL HENDY H A,YOUSEF M I,ABO EL-NAGA N I. Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on hematological and biochemical parameters and concentrations of zinc,copper,and iron in grow ing rats[J].Toxicology,2001,167(2):163-170.
[16] SUN J Y,JING M Y,WENG X Y,et al.Effects of dietary zinc levels on the activities of enzymes,w eights of organs,and the concentrations of zinc and copper in grow ing rats[J]. Biological Trace Element Research,2005,107(2):153-165.
[17] SWINKELS J W G M,KORNEGAY E T,ZHOU W,et al. Effectiveness of a zinc amino acid chelate and zinc sulfate in restoring serum and soft tissue zinc concentrations w hen fed to zinc-depleted pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,1996,74(10):2420-2430.
[18]邝声耀,唐凌,张纯,等.有机锌在动物营养中的研究与应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(7):18-21.
[19] YADRICK M K,KENNEY M A,WINTERFELDT E A. Iron,copper,and zinc status:response to supplementation w ith zinc or zinc and iron in adult females[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1989,49(1):145-150.
[20]罗治彬,吴嘉惠,史景泉,等.高锌对大鼠肠黏膜免疫的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2000,14(1):36-39.
[21]王成贵.生物锌与有机锌对幼儿生长发育影响的研究[J].中国热带医学,2009,9(3):580-581,468.
[22]郝洋洋,张修修,王玉,等.有机锌和有机锰对蛋种母鸡生产性能、蛋品质、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(12):4931-4938.
[23] VERMA P C,GUPTA R P,SADANA J R,et al.Effect of experimental zinc deficiency and repletion on some immunological variables in guinea-pigs[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1988,59(1):149-154.
[24] AHN S H,UM J S,KIM D H,et al. Effects of the sources and levels of supplemental zinc on the performance of w eanling pigs[J].Korean Journal of Animal Science,1998,40(1):9-12.
[25]王福明.氨基酸螯合锌对建昌鸭生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(5):1117-1119.
[26] SOUTHERN L L,BAKER D H.Zinc toxicity,zinc deficiency and zinc-copper interrelationship in Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks[J]. Journal of Nutrition,1983,113(3):688-696.
[27]王慧,张霞,辛蕊华,等.酵母锌对肉鸡生长性能及生理功能的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2012,32(3):488-492.
[28]张莉,池志宏,王月,等.硒酸锌金属自显影技术检测游离锌离子在小鼠卵巢的分布[J].解剖科学进展,2007,13(4):346-347,352.
[29]刘凤霞,刘幸,齐茜,等.日粮有机锌水平对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、免疫功能和抗氧化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(24):28-34.
[30]辛华玲,韩同喜,龚书明,等.锌与锗对小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化作用的实验研究[J].中华预防医学杂志,1996,30(4):221-224.
[31] EGWURUGWU J N,IFEDI C U,UCHEFUNA R C,et al.Effects of zinc on male sex hormones and semen quality in rats[J]. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences,2013,28(1):17-22.
[32] GILABERT E R,RUIZ E,OSORIO C,et al.Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on reproductive function in male rats:biochemical and morphometric parameters[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,1996,7(7):403-407.
[33]梁建光.奶牛的有机锌应用效果研究进展[J].乳业科学与技术,2007,30(6):274-277.
[2]安利峰,胜利,范桂香.锌与生殖健康[J].国外医学(医学地理分册),2004,25(1):14-16.
[3]刘浩,成小松,崔美芝,等.缺锌对大鼠生殖功能影响的实验研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2003,22(4):383.
[4]赵佳英,康德灿,高永峰,等.微生物富集有益元素食品的研发概况与展望[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(12):206-210.
[5] LI W F,ZHOU X X,LU P.Bottlenecks in the expression and secretion of heterologous proteins in Bacillus subtilis[J].Research in M icrobiology,2004,155(8):605-610.
[6] WHITE C L.The effect of zinc deficiency on the body composition of rats[J]. Biological Trace Element Research,1988,17(1):175-187.
[7]钱立群,金艳凤,刘凤莲,等.锌对大鼠生长发育和抗氧化作用的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2006,23(3):217-220.
[8]郭美荣,金艳凤,钱立群.锌对大鼠生长发育影响的研究[J].旅行医学科学,2007,13(1):5-9.
[9]陈丽敏,王玉.维生素A和锌过量摄入对雌性大鼠生殖系统的影响[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(12):2309-2311.
[10] DARDENNE M.Zinc and immune function[J].European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2002,56:S20-S23.
[11]周立波,孙淑滨,景慎文.缺锌对孕鼠生长发育及其肝脏、胎盘中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及过氧化氢酶活性的影响[J].山东医药,2002,42(36):1-3.
[12]张伟庆,黄福佳,杨萧华,等.枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌(WB800N-CC31)对大鼠免疫指标的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(10):184-186.
[13]边羽芊.浅析枯草芽孢杆菌研究进展与应用[J].科学技术创新,2017(30):33-34.
[14] REEVES P G,NIELSEN F H,FAHEY G C. AIN-93purified diets for laboratory rodents:final report of the American institute of nutrition ad hoc w riting committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1993,123(11):1939-1951.
[15] EL HENDY H A,YOUSEF M I,ABO EL-NAGA N I. Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on hematological and biochemical parameters and concentrations of zinc,copper,and iron in grow ing rats[J].Toxicology,2001,167(2):163-170.
[16] SUN J Y,JING M Y,WENG X Y,et al.Effects of dietary zinc levels on the activities of enzymes,w eights of organs,and the concentrations of zinc and copper in grow ing rats[J]. Biological Trace Element Research,2005,107(2):153-165.
[17] SWINKELS J W G M,KORNEGAY E T,ZHOU W,et al. Effectiveness of a zinc amino acid chelate and zinc sulfate in restoring serum and soft tissue zinc concentrations w hen fed to zinc-depleted pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,1996,74(10):2420-2430.
[18]邝声耀,唐凌,张纯,等.有机锌在动物营养中的研究与应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(7):18-21.
[19] YADRICK M K,KENNEY M A,WINTERFELDT E A. Iron,copper,and zinc status:response to supplementation w ith zinc or zinc and iron in adult females[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1989,49(1):145-150.
[20]罗治彬,吴嘉惠,史景泉,等.高锌对大鼠肠黏膜免疫的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2000,14(1):36-39.
[21]王成贵.生物锌与有机锌对幼儿生长发育影响的研究[J].中国热带医学,2009,9(3):580-581,468.
[22]郝洋洋,张修修,王玉,等.有机锌和有机锰对蛋种母鸡生产性能、蛋品质、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(12):4931-4938.
[23] VERMA P C,GUPTA R P,SADANA J R,et al.Effect of experimental zinc deficiency and repletion on some immunological variables in guinea-pigs[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1988,59(1):149-154.
[24] AHN S H,UM J S,KIM D H,et al. Effects of the sources and levels of supplemental zinc on the performance of w eanling pigs[J].Korean Journal of Animal Science,1998,40(1):9-12.
[25]王福明.氨基酸螯合锌对建昌鸭生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(5):1117-1119.
[26] SOUTHERN L L,BAKER D H.Zinc toxicity,zinc deficiency and zinc-copper interrelationship in Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks[J]. Journal of Nutrition,1983,113(3):688-696.
[27]王慧,张霞,辛蕊华,等.酵母锌对肉鸡生长性能及生理功能的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2012,32(3):488-492.
[28]张莉,池志宏,王月,等.硒酸锌金属自显影技术检测游离锌离子在小鼠卵巢的分布[J].解剖科学进展,2007,13(4):346-347,352.
[29]刘凤霞,刘幸,齐茜,等.日粮有机锌水平对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、免疫功能和抗氧化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(24):28-34.
[30]辛华玲,韩同喜,龚书明,等.锌与锗对小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化作用的实验研究[J].中华预防医学杂志,1996,30(4):221-224.
[31] EGWURUGWU J N,IFEDI C U,UCHEFUNA R C,et al.Effects of zinc on male sex hormones and semen quality in rats[J]. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences,2013,28(1):17-22.
[32] GILABERT E R,RUIZ E,OSORIO C,et al.Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on reproductive function in male rats:biochemical and morphometric parameters[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,1996,7(7):403-407.
[33]梁建光.奶牛的有机锌应用效果研究进展[J].乳业科学与技术,2007,30(6):274-277.