高土石坝异型水舌雾化的数值反馈预测
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摘要
基于挑流雾化随机喷溅数值预测模型的深化认识和实践应用,阐述了高土石坝泄流雾化典型特征,优化了异型水舌和复杂地形的建模方法,并应用于去学水电站的雾化反馈预测。反馈结果显示:最大雨强2.55 mm/h的测点在数值预测的2.00 mm/h雨强包络线内,其余4个实测值小于2.00 mm/h的测点均在数值预测的2.00 mm/h雨强包络线外。预测结果表明:雨强为10.00 mm/h的雾化暴雨防护区,推荐防护范围纵向至计算域x坐标641.64 m,横向范围为计算域y坐标-136.98～295.00 m;风向SSE、风速13.70 m/s的自然风是加剧右岸雾化扩散的最不利风场,推荐自然小雨界值0.42 mm/h为村庄选址区控制雨强,迁址在计算域内x坐标795.60 m下游。研究成果可用于工程泄流雾化危害的科学防控,有助于丰富高土石坝泄流雾化安全防控理论与技术。
Based on the deepened understanding and practical application of the numerical prediction model for the random spraying atomization of jet flow from flip bucket, the typical characteristics of the discharge atomization for high earth-rockfill dam is expounded herein, and then the modeling methods for both the specially-shaped waterjet and complicated terrain are optimized, which are applied to the feedback prediction on the discharge atomization of Quxue Hydropower Station. The feedback result shows that the mearing point of the heaviest rainfall intensity is within the rainfall intensity envelope of the measured value of 2.55 mm/h, all the other four measuring points with the measured value less than 2.00 mm/h are located outside of the rainfall intensity envelope of the numerically measured value of 2.00 mm/h. The prediction result indicates that the recommended longitudinal range of atomized rainstorm protection zone with rain intensity value of 10.00 mm/h reaches to x coordinate of 641.64 m in the calculation domain, while the horizontal range is-136.98 m to 295.00 m of y coordinate in the calculation domain. Additionally, the natural wind with the wind direction of SSE wind and speed of 13.70 m/s is the most unfavorable wind field, and then the critical value of natural light rainfall of 0.42 mm/h is recommended to be the control intensity for the site selecting area for the village to be relocated, from which the relocated site for the village is determined in the downstream area of the x coordinate of 795.60 m in the calculation domain. The study result can be applied to the scientific prevention and control of the engineering hazard of discharge atomization and contribute enrich the theory and technology of the safety prevention and control of the discharge atomization for high earth-rockfill dam.
Based on the deepened understanding and practical application of the numerical prediction model for the random spraying atomization of jet flow from flip bucket, the typical characteristics of the discharge atomization for high earth-rockfill dam is expounded herein, and then the modeling methods for both the specially-shaped waterjet and complicated terrain are optimized, which are applied to the feedback prediction on the discharge atomization of Quxue Hydropower Station. The feedback result shows that the mearing point of the heaviest rainfall intensity is within the rainfall intensity envelope of the measured value of 2.55 mm/h, all the other four measuring points with the measured value less than 2.00 mm/h are located outside of the rainfall intensity envelope of the numerically measured value of 2.00 mm/h. The prediction result indicates that the recommended longitudinal range of atomized rainstorm protection zone with rain intensity value of 10.00 mm/h reaches to x coordinate of 641.64 m in the calculation domain, while the horizontal range is-136.98 m to 295.00 m of y coordinate in the calculation domain. Additionally, the natural wind with the wind direction of SSE wind and speed of 13.70 m/s is the most unfavorable wind field, and then the critical value of natural light rainfall of 0.42 mm/h is recommended to be the control intensity for the site selecting area for the village to be relocated, from which the relocated site for the village is determined in the downstream area of the x coordinate of 795.60 m in the calculation domain. The study result can be applied to the scientific prevention and control of the engineering hazard of discharge atomization and contribute enrich the theory and technology of the safety prevention and control of the discharge atomization for high earth-rockfill dam.
引文
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[2] 练继建,杨敏.高坝泄流工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.
[3] 水利部建设与管理司水利部大坝安全管理中心.中国高坝大库TOP 100[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012.
[4] 陈维霞.鲁布革电站泄水建筑物雾化原型观测[J].云南水力发电,1996(4):31- 35.
[5] 高盈孟,李一丁,冯家和,等.鲁布革水电站溢洪道水力学原型观测[J].水力发电,1994(1):18- 24.
[6] 潘家铨,凌霄.小浪底水利枢纽三条明流洞设计综述[J].人民黄河,1995(6):26- 30.
[7] 孔彩粉,廖忠刚,耿莉,等.小浪底工程泄洪雾化影响及其防护[J].华北水利水电学院学报,1999(2):19- 21.
[8] 张晋秋,湛正刚,赵继勇.洪家渡水电站泄洪系统布置设计[J].水力发电,2001(9):22- 24.
[9] 向光红,李伟,刘瑜.水布垭水电站消能区防护方案研究[J].人民长江,2007,38(4):43- 44.
[10] 贡建兵,皮军华.水布垭水电站大坝2016年“7·19”水毁事件反思与对策[J].大坝与安全,2018(2):20- 26.
[11] 张娅琴.瀑布沟水电站泄洪消能区河道岸坡防护设计[J].东北水利水电,2014,32(2):9- 11.
[12] 吕辉.大渡河瀑布沟水电站溢洪道陡槽段雾化边坡稳定性研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007.
[13] 练继建,等.纳子峡水电站泄洪洞消能及溢洪道泄水雾化危害研究处理[R].天津:天津大学,2018.
[14] 张华.水电站泄洪雾化理论及其数学模型的研究[D].天津:天津大学建筑工程学院,2003.
[15] 练继建等.去学水电站化数学模型研究[R].天津:天津大学,2018.
[16] 齐春风,练继建,刘昉,等.玛尔挡水电站泄洪雾化数学模型研究[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(12):106- 110.
[17] 柳海涛,孙双科,郑铁刚,等.两河口水电站泄洪雾化影响分析[J].水力发电,2016,42(11):54- 57.
[18] 混凝土拱坝设计规范:DL/T 5346—2006[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2007.
[19] 刘昉.挑流泄洪雾化数学模型改进与影响因素分析研究[D].天津:天津大学建筑工程学院,2004.
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