高低温循环试验下磁脉冲焊接接头性能研究
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摘要
磁脉冲焊接是一种高效的固相焊接工艺,对异种金属材料在汽车轻量化中的运用具有积极意义.通过对5052Al/HC420LA板件磁脉冲焊接接头进行不同条件下的高低温循环试验,对比焊接接头在高低温循环试验前后的力学性能变化,研究了高低温循环冷却方式、循环次数对焊接接头性能的影响.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了焊接接头微观形貌特征,分析了高低温循环试验前后焊缝微观界面的特征及其变化.研究表明:不同高低温循环试验条件下5052Al-HC420LA铝-钢磁脉冲焊接接头的连接强度相比于5052铝合金的母材强度下降了5%～25%;冷却速度越快,高低温循环次数越多,接头力学性能下降越明显;接头在高低温循环试验前后出现了母材失效与焊缝失效两种剪切失效模式;水冷冷却的接头比空冷冷却更易产生微观裂纹.
Magnetic pulse welding is a kind of efficient solid-state welding process,which is positive for the application of dissimilar metal materials in automobile lightening. In this paper,high and low temperature cycling experiments were carried out under different conditions for 5052 Al/HC420 LA plate magnetic pulse welding joints. Comparing with the mechanical properties of welded joints before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments,the effects of cooling modes and cyclic numbers on the properties of welding joints were studied. The micro-structure of welded joints was studied by SEM,and characteristics and changes of micro-interface features before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments were compared. The results show that the connection strength of the 5052 Al-HC420 LA magnetic pulse welded joints were reduced by 5% ～ 25% under different conditions compared to the strength of 5052 aluminum alloy base metal.Moreover,the mechanical property of the joint decreased with the increase of cooling rate and cycling numbers. Two shearing failure modes( failure of base metal and failure of welding seam) were obtained before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments. Water-cooled cooling joints were more likely to produce microscopic cracks than air-cooled cooling.
Magnetic pulse welding is a kind of efficient solid-state welding process,which is positive for the application of dissimilar metal materials in automobile lightening. In this paper,high and low temperature cycling experiments were carried out under different conditions for 5052 Al/HC420 LA plate magnetic pulse welding joints. Comparing with the mechanical properties of welded joints before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments,the effects of cooling modes and cyclic numbers on the properties of welding joints were studied. The micro-structure of welded joints was studied by SEM,and characteristics and changes of micro-interface features before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments were compared. The results show that the connection strength of the 5052 Al-HC420 LA magnetic pulse welded joints were reduced by 5% ～ 25% under different conditions compared to the strength of 5052 aluminum alloy base metal.Moreover,the mechanical property of the joint decreased with the increase of cooling rate and cycling numbers. Two shearing failure modes( failure of base metal and failure of welding seam) were obtained before and after high and low temperature cycling experiments. Water-cooled cooling joints were more likely to produce microscopic cracks than air-cooled cooling.
引文
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[20] STERN A,AIZENSHTEIN M. Bonding zone formation in magnetic pulse welds[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2002,7(5):339-342.DOI:10. 1179/136217102225002673
[2] KANG B Y. Review of magnetic pulse welding[J].Journal of Welding and Joining, 2015, 33(1):7-13.DOI:10. 5781/jwj. 2015. 33. 1. 7
[3] HAHN M, WEDDELING C, TABER G, et al.Vaporzing foil actuator welding as a competing technology to magnetic pulse welding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,230:8-20.DOI:10. 1016/j. jmatprotec. 2015. 11. 010
[4] GARG A, PANDA B, SHANKHWAR K.Investigation of the joint length of weldment of environmental-friendly magnetic pulse welding process[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,87:2415-2426.DOI:10. 1007/s00170-016-8634-0
[5] KAPIL A,SHARMA A. Magnetic pulse welding:An efficient and environmentally friendly multi-material joining technique[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,100:35-58.DOI:10. 1016/j. jclepro. 2015. 03. 042
[6] KORE S D, DATE P P, KULKARNI S V.Electromagnetic impact welding of aluminum to stainless steel sheets[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2008, 208(1-3):486-493.DOI:10. 1016/j. jmatprotec. 2008. 01. 039
[7] AIZAWA T, KASHANI M, OKAGAWA K.Application of magnetic pulse welding for aluminum alloys and SPCC steel sheet joints[J]. Welding Journal,2007,86(5):119-124.
[8] BROECKHOVE J,WILLEMSENS L. Experimental research on magnetic pulse welding of dissimilar metals[D]. Ghent:Ghent University,2010.
[9] FAN Z,YU H,LI C. Interface and grain-boundary amorphization in the Al/Fe bimetallic system during pulsed-magnetic-driven impact[J]. Scripta Materialia,2016,110:14-18.DOI:10. 1016/j. scriptamat. 2015. 07. 035
[10] CHEN S,DAEHN G S,VIVEK A,et al. Interfacial microstructures and mechanical property of vaporizing foil actuator welding of aluminum alloy to steel[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2016,659:12-21.DOI:10. 1016/j. msea. 2016. 02. 040
[11] SHRIBMAN V. Magnetic pulse welding for dissimilar and similar materials[C]//3th International Conference on High Speed Forming. Dortmund:Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Construction,2010:13-22.
[12] CHEN S,JIANG X. Microstructure evolution during magnetic pulse welding of dissimilar aluminium and magnesium alloys[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2015,19:14-21.DOI:10. 1016/j. jmapro. 2015. 04. 001
[13]韦超忠,瞿刚,徐志丹.铝钢磁脉冲焊接性能及界面微观组织研究[J].材料科学,2017,7(4):450-455.WEI Chaozhong,QU Gang,XU Zhidan. Investigation on magnetic pulse welding properties and interface microstructure of aluminum steel[J]. Material Sciences,2017,7(4):450-455.
[14] BROWN W F,BANDAS J,OLSON N T. Pulsed magnetic welding of breeder reactor fuel pin end closures[J]. Welding Journal,1978,30(6):186-187.
[15] WATANABE M,KUMAI S,AIZAWA T. Interfacial microstructure of magnetic pressure seam welded Al-Fe,Al-Ni and Al-Cu lap joints[C]//Aluminium Alloys 2006-ICAA10. Vancouver:Materials Science Forum,2006,519-521:1145-1150.
[16] PSYK V,GERSHTEYN G,DEMIR O K,et al.Process analysis and physical simulation of electromagnetic joining of thin-walled parts[C]//3th International Conference on High Speed Forming.Dortmund:Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Construction,2010:181-190.
[17] NASSIRI A,CHINI G,KINSEY B. Spatial stability analysis of emergent wavy interfacial patterns in magnetic pulsed welding[J]. CIRP Annalsmanufacturing Technology,2014,63(1):245-248.DOI:10. 1016/j. cirp. 2014. 03. 023
[18]于洋,陈树君,夏羽等.磁脉冲焊接接头界面波纹形成机理研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2012,41(S2):54-58.YU Yang,CHEN Shujun,XIA Yu,et al. Study on wave formation mechanism in magnetic pulse welding[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2012(S2):54-58.
[19]陈树君,刘恺洛,夏雨,等.磁脉冲焊接的数学模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2012,38(12):1839-1842.CHEN Shujun, LIU Kailuo, XIA Yu, et al. The kinematics mathematical model of magnetic pulse welding[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2012,38(12):1839-1842.
[20] STERN A,AIZENSHTEIN M. Bonding zone formation in magnetic pulse welds[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2002,7(5):339-342.DOI:10. 1179/136217102225002673